A Study on the journey of Natural Language Processing models: from Symbolic Natural Language Processing to Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers

In this digital era, Natural language Processing is not just a computational process rather it is a way to communicate with machines as humanlike. It has been used in several fields from smart artificial assistants to health or emotion analyzers. Imagine a digital era without Natural language processing is something which we cannot even think of. In Natural language Processing, firstly it reads the information given and after that begins making sense of the information. After the data has been properly processed, the real steps are taken by the machine throwing some responses or completing the work. In this paper, I review the journey of natural language processing from the late 1940s to the present. This paper also contains several salient and most important works in this timeline which leads us to where we currently stand in this field. The review separates four eras in the history of Natural language Processing, each marked by a focus on machine translation, artificial intelligence impact, the adoption of a logico-grammatical style, and an attack on huge linguistic data. This paper helps to understand the historical aspects of Natural language processing and also inspires others to work and research in this domain.

Dynamic Control of Computation Consistency in the Parallel Dataflow Computing System

When developing high-performance multiprocessor computing systems, much attention is paid to ensuring uninterrupted operation, both in terms of hardware and software. In traditional computing systems, software is the main focus in address­ing these issues. The article discusses the solution to the issue of ensuring uninterrupted operation for the parallel dataflow computing system (PDCS), which implements the dataflow computational model with a dynamically formed context. Due to the features of the PDCS, it is proposed to implement this type of control in hardware, which will increase its efficiency, since the computational process will be controlled in dynamics, and not only in statics.

Adjustment of Planned Surveying and Geodetic Networks Using Second-Order Nonlinear Programming Methods

Due to the huge amount of redundant data, the problem arises of finding a single integral solution that will satisfy numerous possible accuracy options. Mathematical processing of such measurements by traditional geodetic methods can take significant time and at the same time does not provide the required accuracy. This article discusses the application of nonlinear programming methods in the computational process for geodetic data. Thanks to the development of computer technology, a modern surveyor can solve new emerging production problems using nonlinear programming methods—preliminary computational experiments that allow evaluating the effectiveness of a particular method for solving a specific problem. The efficiency and performance comparison of various nonlinear programming methods in the course of trilateration network equalization on a plane is shown. An algorithm of the modified second-order Newton’s method is proposed, based on the use of the matrix of second partial derivatives and the Powell and the Davis–Sven–Kempy (DSK) method in the computational process. The new method makes it possible to simplify the computational process, allows the user not to calculate the preliminary values of the determined parameters with high accuracy, since the use of this method makes it possible to expand the region of convergence of the problem solution.

Klasifikasi Citra Burung Lovebird Menggunakan Decision Tree dengan Empat Jenis Evaluasi

Lovebird is a pet that many people in Indonesia have known. The diversity of species, coat color, and body shape gives it its charm. As well in this lovebird bird has its uniqueness of various rare colors. However, many ordinary people have difficulty distinguishing the types of lovebirds. This research is needed to improve previous study performance in classifying lovebird images using the Decision Tree J48 algorithm with 4 types of evaluation. In this case, also to reduce the stage of feature extraction to speed up the computational process. Based on available comparisons, the results obtained at the same split ratio with a comparison of 60:40 in Decision Tree J48 have the precision of 1,000, recall of 1,000, f-measure of 1,000, and accuracy value of 100%. Then the Artificial Neural Network with a split ratio of 60:40 has a precision of 0.854, recall of 0.843, f-measurement of 0.841, and an accuracy value of 84.25%. These results prove that by testing the first-level extraction on color features, Decision Tree J48 is superior in classifying images of lovebird species, and Decision Tree J48 can improve performance and produce the best accuracy.

Global Structure of Determining Matrices for a Class of Differential Control Systems

This paper developed and established unprecedented global results on the structure of determining matrices of generic double time-delay linear autonomous functional differential control systems, with a view to obtaining the controllability matrix associated with the rank condition for the Euclidean controllability of the system. The computational process and implementation of the controllability matrix were demonstrated on the MATLAB platform to determine the controllability disposition of a small-problem instance. Finally, the work examined the computing complexity of the determining matrices.

Bit Streaming Processing Algorithms for Intelligent Hardware Converters

The need to transfer the primary data conversions close to the sensors, to the endpoints of monitoring systems, as well as in IoT terminal devices makes the development of new approaches to computing and the design of appropriate algorithms relevant. The article shows stream processing algorithms that provide functional transformations of signals presented in bit stream form (single pulse streams, PWM signal streams) and binary codes at the same time. In such algorithms, the computational process is based on discretization, pulse frequency sweep and pulse-width sweep of codes as well as organization of parallel-serial processing. The suggested principles of algorithm organization are based on the fact that the computation is considered not as an event associated with calculation but as a continuous process of a result formation. The transition to algorithmic representations proposed by the authors makes it possible to obtain universal behavioral descriptions, independently of the specific hardware on which their implementation is performed.

Optimization of the Distribution of Hash Calculation Tasks Flow at a Priori Given Complexity

The increasing number of computationally intensive tasks induced by digital economy development (within the framework of implementing block-chain solutions, distributed ledgers, etc.) requires more and more computational resources. At the same time users tend to move the computational process to the cloud in order to minimize costs, and the owners of cloud services are forced to look for solutions to improve their efficiency. In this paper we consider approaches that allow optimize the use of parallel computing resources for incoming sets of resource-intensive tasks, analyze different approaches to the strategy of assigning tasks to computing resources. The results of modelling experiments are provided taking into account task distribution, parameterized by execution time limit within modeling the service level agreement with the user.

Comparative analysis of possible approaches to simulation of processes of processing and analysis of telemetric information

The paper considers specialized and general-purpose approaches to modeling computational processes over measurement information. The concept of the scheme of telemetry information processing is considered. The analysis of approaches to the presentation of processing and analysis of telemetric information in the subject area of operational control of the technical condition of space vehicles in real time is carried out. An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of approaches to modeling is carried out, on the basis of which it is possible to draw a conclusion about the advisability of using a particular model of the computational process when solving various problems. A summary of the approaches to modeling computational processes is given, and examples of well-known applied implementations are considered. The features of computing processes over telemetry information are presented, which should be taken into account in promising developments aimed at automating processes in the subject area under consideration.