chemical heterogeneity
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Makhneva

Abstract. The change of Ni-, Cr-, Cu- contents in maraging steel composition occurring on heating in the subcritical and intercritical interval has been studied by the X-ray spectral microanalysis. Heating in the temperature range from 490 to 550C has resulted in increasing of Ni- Cu- concentrations in the 1iquation austenite when the latter is present in the steel structure as a consequence of several reasons (the large ingot, low level of forging reduction ratio, etc.). The significant enrichment of surface layers of austenite inclusions may probably occur if there are great differences between interphase and intraphase diffusion rates. By varying the thermal treatment and thus the Ni-diffusion in austenite it is possible to create austenite layers with different Ni-contents within a grain or massive martensite and it is also possible to control the material properties.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Pugh ◽  
Alistair Boyce ◽  
Ian Bastow ◽  
Cynthia Ebinger ◽  
Sanne Cottaar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zexiang Han ◽  
Shayna Hilburg ◽  
Alfredo Alexander-Katz

Synthetic random heteropolymers (RHPs) with high chemical heterogeneity can self-assemble into single-chain nanoparticles that exhibit features reminiscent of natural proteins, such as topological polymorphism. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, this work investigates the structure and single-chain mechanical unfolding of a library of four-component RHPs in water, studying the effects of sequence, composition, configuration, and molecular weight. Results show that compactified RHPs can have highly dynamic unfolding behaviors which are dominated by complex side-chain interactions and prove markedly different from their homopolymer counterparts. For a given sequence and conformation, an RHP’s backbone topology can strongly impact its unfolding response, hinting at the importance of topological design in the nanoscale mechanics of heteropolymers. In addition, we identify enthalpically-driven reconfiguration upon unfolding, observing a solvent-shielding protection mechanism similar to protein stabilization by PEGylation. This work provides the first computational evidence for the force-induced unfolding of protein-inspired multicomponent heteropolymers.


Author(s):  
Kyle Frohna ◽  
Miguel Anaya ◽  
Stuart Macpherson ◽  
Jooyoung Sung ◽  
Tiarnan A. S. Doherty ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1327-1327
Author(s):  
A. S. Shalygin ◽  
E. S. Milovanov ◽  
S. S. Yakushkin ◽  
O. N. Martyanov

Author(s):  
Tianze Xu ◽  
Chunrun Chen ◽  
Tianwei Jin ◽  
Shuaifeng Lou ◽  
Ruiwen Zhang ◽  
...  

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