Fully abstract models for effectful λ-calculi via category-theoretic logical relations

We present a construction which, under suitable assumptions, takes a model of Moggi’s computational λ-calculus with sum types, effect operations and primitives, and yields a model that is adequate and fully abstract. The construction, which uses the theory of fibrations, categorical glueing, ⊤⊤-lifting, and ⊤⊤-closure, takes inspiration from O’Hearn & Riecke’s fully abstract model for PCF. Our construction can be applied in the category of sets and functions, as well as the category of diffeological spaces and smooth maps and the category of quasi-Borel spaces, which have been studied as semantics for differentiable and probabilistic programming.

A Hypergraph Model for Communication Patterns

The article deals with interaction in concurrent systems. A calculus able to express specific communication patterns is defined, together with its abstract control structures. A hypergraph model for these structures is presented. The hypergraphs are able to properly express the communication patterns, providing a fully abstract model for the pattern calculus. It is also proved that the hypergraph model preserves the operational reductions of processes from pattern calculus and of the actions from the control structures.

Pengaruh model AIR dan TTW terhadap kemampuan representasi siswa SMP di Kota Singkawang

Model pembelajaran adalah kerangka kerja yang memberikan gambaran sistematis untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran agar membantu belajar siswa dalam tujuan tertentu yang ingin dicapai. Dua diantara model pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan yaitu model pembelajaran Auditory IntellectuallyRepetition (AIR) dan model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbandingan pengaruh antara model AIR dan TTW terhadap kemampuan representasi siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Kota Singkawang.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desainquasi-eksperimental menggunakan rancangan non-equivalent posttest-only control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 13 Singkawang, yaitu pada siswa kelas VIII C sebagai kelas ekperimen 1 (menggunakan Model AIR) yang berjumlah 21 siswa dan VIII D yang sebagai kelas ekperimen 2 (menggunakan Model TTW) yang berjumlah 25 siswa, yang dipilih dari 4 kelas dengan purposive sampling.Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu soal kemampuan representasi matematis dan lembar onservasi aktivitas belajar siswa. Analisis data menggunakan pengujian Effect-Sizedan hipotesis komparasi dua sampel independent. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) model pembelajaran pembelajaran AIR memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik dari pada model TTW terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis dengan besar pengaruh 0,98 (kategori besar); (2) Aktivitas belajar selama menggunakan model pembelajaran AIR lebih baik dari pada model pembelajaran TTW.

How Do We Develop Modern Pre-School Education in Size 4K

Model 4Khas benefits which can help us to identify and differentiate it. Not only has it got advantages which can develop child' brain, but also it helps to adapt a child to the kindergarten and school. Child development theories fоcus on explaining how children change and grow over the course of childhood. Such theories center on various aspects of development including social, emotional, and cognitive growth. We help people find answers, solve problems and get inspired. Parents often focus on what are known as developmental milestones, which represent abilities that most children tend to display by a certain point in development. These typically focus on one of four different areas: physical, cognitive, social / emotional, and communication. Keywords: adaptation, nursery, kindergarten, child, teaching, training, modern, level, goal, communication.

Boundary problems in cellular automata for topological insulators

In physics, a topological insulator is a material that simultaneously exhibits the properties of a conductor on the surface and an insulator in the bulk. An abstract model of a twodimensional topological insulator is described in terms of tricolour cellular automata and excitations of a topological insulator are classified.

Entropy-Based Behavioural Efficiency of the Financial Market

The most known and used abstract model of the financial market is based on the concept of the informational efficiency (EMH) of that market. The paper proposes an alternative which could be named the behavioural efficiency of the financial market, which is based on the behavioural entropy instead of the informational entropy. More specifically, the paper supports the idea that, in the financial market, the only measure (if any) of the entropy is the available behaviours indicated by the implicit information. Therefore, the behavioural entropy is linked to the concept of behavioural efficiency. The paper argues that, in fact, in the financial markets, there is not a (real) informational efficiency, but there exists a behavioural efficiency instead. The proposal is based both on a new typology of information in the financial market (which provides the concept of implicit information—that is, that information ”translated” by the economic agents from observing the actual behaviours) and on a non-linear (more exactly, a logistic) curve linking the behavioural entropy to the behavioural efficiency of the financial markets. Finally, the paper proposes a synergic overcoming of both EMH and AMH based on the new concept of behavioural entropy in the financial market.

An Adaptive E-learning System for Teaching Mobile Applications

Support for various aspects of personalization and adaptation of the reviewed tools is not at the desired level of abstraction - very often depends on the specific way in which it is assumed that a learning object will be combined, to build a learning path for going through an e-course, or to achieve learning goals. This document describes an innovative and more abstract model and related software system for adaptive e-learning. A software prototype for adaptive teaching of the disciplines "Mobile Applications" and "Programming applications for mobile devices", taught at Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski” is presented. Objectives are discussed, based on an extensive overview in the field of adaptive e-learning systems and the software implementation of the e-learning tool is presented. Results of specific tests with study activities will be presented in future scientific publications.

Proving properties of autonomous car manoeuvres in urban traffic

As automated driving techniques are increasingly capturing the market, it is particularly important to consider vital functional properties of these systems. We present an overview of an approach that uses an abstract model to logically reason about properties of autonomous manoeuvres at intersections in urban traffic. The approach introduces automotive-controlling timed automata crossing controllers that use the traffic logic UMLSL (Urban Multi-lane Spatial Logic) to reason about traffic situations. Safety in the context of collision freedom is mathematically proven. Liveness (something good finally happens) and fairness (no queue-jumping) are examined and verified using a model-checking tool for timed automata, UPPAAL.

Science Abstract Model Simulation Framework

Meta-researchers increasingly study biases in quantitative study outcomes (effect sizes) that emerge from questionable research practices (QRPs) in designing, running, analyzing, and reporting studies. Here, we introduce an extensible and modular C++ simulation framework called SAM (Science Abstract Model) that enables systematic study of the effects of QRPs and researchers’ degrees of freedom (p-hacking) on a host of outcomes across the different phases of quantitative studies that test hypotheses. SAM achieves this by modular modelling of different entities and processes involved in research, from study designs and inferential criteria, the data collection and analyses, to the submission and acceptance of manuscripts in a journal. We demonstrate the advantages of our approach by reproducing and extending the Bakker, van Dijk, and Wicherts (2012) simulation study that investigated the effects of various p-hacking methods and publication bias on meta-analytic outcomes. We showcase how SAM’s modularity and flexibility makes it possible to easily examine the original study by modifying, adding, or removing different components— e.g., publication bias, different significance levels, or meta-analytic metrics. We focus our illustration on the fundamental question of whether lowering alpha will reduce the biases in the scientific literature.

A Research on Business Information System and Informatization

Based on the analysis of commercial economic informatization, this paper puts forward the abstract model of commercial information system, which comprises of the environmental system, business system, monitoring system, and emergency system. In addition, it also involves the strain cycle, monitoring cycle, and business cycle. In order to promote a better development in the business economic model under the background of informatization, commercial enterprises should improve their understanding, develop and continuously optimize business economic informatization, as well as create an efficient and safe network security environment for the future.