virucidal activity
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2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Debiasi ◽  
A. L. Raiser ◽  
S. H. A. Dourado ◽  
M. de P. R. Torres ◽  
C. R. Andrighetti ◽  
...  

Abstract Species of the genus Cordia have shown biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antiviral, and antifungal activities. The species Cordia glabrata (MART) A.DC. Has no information concerning its phytochemical profile and possible biological activities. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate this profile in ethanolic extracts of young, adult and senescent leaves, as well as their antioxidant, photoprotective, antimicrobial, and virucidal potentials. Phytochemical analysis was performed by TLC (thin-layer chromatography) and showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and terpenes. The evaluation by UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometer) evidenced the presence of caffeic (3.89 mgL-1), p-cumaric (6.13 mgL-1), and ferulic (0.58 mgL-1) acids, whilst, in GC/MS (Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis there was a greater amount of palmitic (51.17%), stearic (20.34%), linoleic (9.62%), and miristic (8.16%) fatty acids. The DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS+ (2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radicals were used to verify the potential antioxidant activity, observing a better activity for the leaf extract in the adult phenological stage: 54.63 ± 1.06 µgmL-1 (DPPH) and 44.21 ± 1.69 mM (ABTS). The potential photoprotective activity of the extracts was determined by spectrophotometry and the in vitro values of SPF (Sun Protection Factor) in young and adult leaves (5.47 and 5.41, respectively) showed values close to the minimum SPF of 6.0 required by ANVISA (Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency). It was not observed an antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2000 μgmL-1, however the anti-herpetic assay against the Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) showed a potent virucidal activity at the tested concentrations with CV50 value <0.195 μgmL-1 and a Selectivity Index (SI = CC50 / CV50) greater than 448. The results obtained in this study suggest that extracts of leaves of C. glabrata in their adult phenological stage have potential antioxidant, photoprotective and virucidal activity, considering in vitro test results.


Author(s):  
William Michelon ◽  
Isabella Dai Pra Zuchi ◽  
Jacqueline Graff Reis ◽  
Alexandre Matthiensen ◽  
Aline Viancelli ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Géraldine Dessilly ◽  
Anne-thérèse Pâques ◽  
Anne-thérèse Vandenbroucke ◽  
Pierre Hazée ◽  
Alain Gaume ◽  
...  

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Héctor J. Rodríguez-Casanovas ◽  
Manuel De la Rosa ◽  
Yesit Bello-Lemus ◽  
Giulio Rasperini ◽  
Antonio J. Acosta-Hoyos

Background: Saliva of patients with COVID-19 has a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load. The risk of spreading the virus is not insignificant, and procedures for reducing viral loads in the oral cavity have been proposed. Little research to date has been performed on the effect of mouthwashes on the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and some of their mechanisms of action remain unknown. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal swabs measured by RT-PCR were used for virucidal activity in a 1:1 ratio, with an incubation time of 1 min. The solutions used in this study were: iodopovidone (8 mg); * D-limonene, a terpene extracted from citrus peels (0.3%); † cetylpyridinium chloride (0.1%) (CPC); ‡ chlorhexidine gluconate (10%) (CHX); § a CPC (0.12%) and CHX (0.05%) containing formula; ** a formula containing essential oils; †† a CPC containing formula (0.07%); ‡‡ a D-limonene (0.2%) and CPC (0.05%) containing formula; §§ a solution containing sodium fluoride (0.05%) and CPC (0.075%); *** a solution containing CHX (0.12%) and; ††† a CHX (0.2%) containing formula. ‡‡‡ As a control reaction, saline solution or excipient solution (water, glycerin, citric acid, colorant, sodium citrate) was used. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, we can conclude that a mouthwash containing both D-limonene and CPC reduced the virucidal activity in about 6 logs (>99.999% reduction). Hence, establishing a clinical protocol for dentists is suggested, where all patients to be treated rinse pre-operatively with a mouthwash containing both D-limonene and CPC to reduce the likelihood of infection with SARS-CoV-2 for dentists. This is a relatively inexpensive way to reduce viral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected individuals within the community. It is also a simple way to decrease infections from asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic patients.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mariana Martinelli Junqueira Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Carolina Rennó Sodero ◽  
Nuria Cirauqui Díaz ◽  
Valéria Laneuville Teixeira ◽  
Carlos Rangel Rodrigues ◽  
...  

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1590
Author(s):  
Chiara Terrosi ◽  
Gabriele Anichini ◽  
Jean Denis Docquier ◽  
Gianni Gori Savellini ◽  
Claudia Gandolfo ◽  
...  

Blue LED light has proven to have a powerful bacteria-killing ability; however, little is known about its mechanism of virucidal activity. Therefore, we analyzed the effect of blue light on different respiratory viruses, such as adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and SARS-CoV-2. The exposure of samples to a blue LED light with a wavelength of 420 nm (i.e., in the visible range) at 20 mW/cm2 of irradiance for 15 min appeared optimal and resulted in the complete inactivation of the viral load. These results were similar for all the three viruses, demonstrating that both enveloped and naked viruses could be efficiently inactivated with blue LED light, regardless of the presence of envelope and of the viral genome nature (DNA or RNA). Moreover, we provided some explanations to the mechanisms by which the blue LED light could exert its antiviral activity. The development of such safe and low-cost light-based devices appears to be of fundamental utility for limiting viral spread and for sanitizing small environments, objects and surfaces, especially in the pandemic era.


2021 ◽  
pp. 105062
Author(s):  
Carina Conzelmann ◽  
Tatjana Weil ◽  
Lia-Raluca Olari ◽  
Andrea Gilg ◽  
Lena Rauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10661
Author(s):  
Jian-Jong Liang ◽  
Chun-Che Liao ◽  
Chih-Shin Chang ◽  
Chih-Yin Lee ◽  
Si-Yu Chen ◽  
...  

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a serious threat to human health worldwide. The inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on object surfaces and in the indoor air might help to halt the COVID-19 pandemic. Far-ultraviolet light (UVC) disinfection has been proven to be highly effective against viruses and bacteria. To understand the wavelength and duration of UVC radiation required for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation, we examined the efficacy of UVC light prototype devices with the wavelengths of 275, 254, and 222 nm. The disinfection effectiveness was determined by cell-based assays including the median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) and an immunofluorescent assay on African green monkey kidney epithelial Vero E6 cells. Among the three prototypes, the UVC LED (275 nm) had the best virucidal activity with a log-reduction value (LRV) >6 after 10 s of exposure. The mercury lamp (254 nm) reached similar virucidal activity after 20 s of exposure. However, the excimer lamp (222 nm) showed limited anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity with a LRV < 2 after 40 s of exposure. Overall, in comparison, the UVC LED (275 nm) exhibited superior SARS-CoV-2 disinfection activity than the mercury lamp (254 nm) and the excimer lamp (222 nm).


Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2207
Author(s):  
Martin Hufbauer ◽  
Ulrike Wieland ◽  
Jürgen Gebel ◽  
Jochen Steinmann ◽  
Baki Akgül ◽  
...  

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting cutaneous and mucosal squamous epithelia. Sexually transmitted HPV-types that are carcinogenic to humans such as HPV16 can induce cervical and other anogenital cancers. Virus transmission through fomites such as inadequately disinfected gynecological equipment is a further potential transmission route. Since HPV cannot be easily grown in cell culture, polyomavirus SV40 has been used as a surrogate virus when testing the virucidal activity of chemical disinfectants. So far, studies that have compared the virucidal activity of different disinfectants against HPV and SV40 are lacking. Here, we evaluated the susceptibility of HPV16 pseudovirus and SV40 to seven active biocidal substances using quantitative suspension tests. Ethanol, glutaraldehyde (GTA), dodecyldipropylentriamin (DPTA), and ortho-phthalaldehydes (OPA) were able to reduce the infectivity of HPV16 pseudovirus >99.99% after 5 min. In contrast, isopropanol, peracetic acid (PAA), and quaternary ammonium compounds with alkylamines (QAC) only led to a slight or no reduction in infectivity. Concerning SV40, only GTA (60 min contact time), PAA, and OPA had virus-inactivating effects. In conclusion, the virucidal activity of three out of seven disinfectants tested was different for HPV16 pseudovirus and SV40. In this study, SV40 was shown to be a reliable surrogate virus for HPV when testing isopropanol-, GTA-, QAC-, and OPA-based disinfectants.


Author(s):  
Toni Luise Meister ◽  
Daniel Todt ◽  
Yannick Brüggemann ◽  
Joerg Steinmann ◽  
Sepideh Banava ◽  
...  

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