Examining Adaptive Behaviors as Resistance Strategies for African American College Students in Adverse University Contexts

This study explored the adaptive behaviors used by African American college students attending a predominantly White university. In-depth individual interviews were conducted and used as the primary method of data collection for this study. In addition, a focus group session provided member checking opportunity to strengthen the study. The analysis revealed participants utilized multiple adaptive behaviors to combat negative racialized experiences while attending a university where they were underrepresented. These adaptive behaviors were used as resistance strategies by African American students navigating a racially charged university context.

Informal Education Pedagogy Transcendence from the ‘Academy’ to Society in the Current and Post COVID Environment

The purpose of this paper is to consider the following two notions; (1) that the use of ‘informal education pedagogies’ within teaching and learning in the ‘academy’ can both support the learning process within the ‘classroom’ but also transcend to society via students; and (2) that synergies exist between informal education and social pedagogical concepts. The discussions are situated from the perspective of an experienced practitioner and academic who is currently teaching youth related degree courses within a Higher Education Institution. This experiential learning has informed knowledge acquisition, understanding and skills application from professional practice to the teaching environment. An experiential learning perspective will be the primary method adopted; the value of this paper lies in its potential to re-affirm that degree courses which embed a ‘practice the practice’ approach in their teaching methodology support the embedding of core values of the said discipline. The paper argues that the ethically value-based principles and practice of informal education pedagogy, and social pedagogy, are relevant for the current and post COVID-19 pandemic environment.

Application of Recursive Algorithm on Shamir's Scheme Reconstruction for Cheating Detection and Identification

Information data protection is necessary to ward off and overcome various fraud attacks that may be encountered. A secret sharing scheme that implements cryptographic methods intends to maintain the security of confidential data by a group of trusted parties is the answer. In this paper, we choose the application of recursive algorithm on Shamir-based linear scheme as the primary method. In the secret reconstruction stage and since the beginning of the share distribution stage, these algorithms have been integrated by relying on a detection parameter to ensure that the secret value sought is valid. Although the obtained scheme will be much simpler because it utilizes the Vandermonde matrix structure, the security aspect of this scheme is not reduced. Indeed, it is supported by two detection parameters formulated from a recursive algorithm to detect cheating and identify the cheater(s). Therefore, this scheme is guaranteed to be unconditionally secure and has a high time efficiency (polynomial running time).

Rules for a routine electroencephalogram recording

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the primary method for functional assessment of the brain bioelectrical activity. It is the most effective for epilepsy diagnosing, and also used for localization of the epileptogenic zone in presurgical evaluation for pharmaco-resistant epilepsy and in critical care medicine. In practice, the most common type is a 'routine' EEG, the informative value of which depends largely on the accuracy of its performance. The paper briefly outlines the rules for performing a routine EEG and lists the most common mistakes that can affect its interpretation.

A SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic test for resource limited settings

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19 disease. RT-qPCR has been the primary method of diagnosis; however, the required infrastructure is lacking in many developing countries and the virus has remained a global challenge. More inexpensive and immediate test methods are required to facilitate local, regional, and national management strategies to re-open world economies. Here we have developed a SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in an inexpensive lateral flow format to generate a chromatographic result identifying the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen, and thus an active infection, within a patient anterior nares swab sample. Our 15-min test requires no equipment or laboratory infrastructure to administer with a limit of detection of 2.0 × 102 TCID50/mL and 87.5% sensitivity, 100% specificity when tested against 40 known positive and 40 known negative patient samples established by a validated RT-qPCR test.

Screening Practices for Disordered Eating in Paediatric Type 1 Diabetes Clinics

Background: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is associated with increased risk of eating disorders. This study aimed to (1) assess adherence of Australasian paediatric T1D clinics to international guidelines on screening for disordered eating and (2) identify barriers and enablers to the use of screening tools for the identification of disordered eating. Methods: A 24-item survey covering five content domains: clinic characteristics, identification of disordered eating, screening tool use, training and competence, and pathways for referral, was sent to Australasian clinics caring for ≥150 children and adolescents with T1D. Results: Of 13 eligible clinics, 10 participated. Two reported rates of disordered eating of >20%, while eight reported rates < 5%. All clinics used the routine clinical interview as the primary method of screening for disordered eating. Only one used screening tools; these were not diabetes-specific or routinely used. Barriers to use of screening tools included shortage of time and lack of staff confidence around use (n = 7, 70%). Enablers included staff training in disordered eating. Conclusions: Screening tools for disordered eating are not utilised by most Australasian paediatric T1D clinics. Overall, low reported rates of disordered eating suggest that it may be undetected, potentially missing an opportunity for early intervention.

Analysis of LLL System Properties for Different Excitation Parameters

Photoluminescent strips forming a Low Location Lighting (LLL) system are the primary method for marking escape routes on passenger ships. The LLL system can be built as a self-luminous system (powered by electricity) or made as a series of strips made of photoluminescent materials, which glow and indicate the escape route after the loss of basic and emergency lighting. To ensure correct visual guidance, these strips must be installed at specific locations in the passageways and achieve appropriate photometric parameters after a certain time from their activation. The properties of the LLL system depend on the type of luminescent material used, the excitation source, and the exposure parameters. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests on two types of photoluminescent materials used for the construction of LLL systems. We recorded the change in luminance after the loss of excitation and measured the luminance values obtained 10 and 60 min after the loss of excitation under exposure to light sources commonly used for interior lighting on passenger ships. It turns out that replacing fluorescent lamps with LED lamps can reduce the luminance of the LLL system.

Analisis Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusif di Provinsi Aceh: Budaya, Kebijakan, dan Pelaksanaan

This study analyzed the implementation of inclusive policies in Aceh Province starting from 2012 to 2020. The analysis was based on three aspects: culture, policy, and implementation. This study used a qualitative approach, in which the document analysis was applied as the primary method in this research. The document used was the Aceh Governor Regulation No. 92 of 2012 on the Implementation of Inclusive Education. The study results stated that the Aceh Government had not appropriately implemented the three elements of inclusive education in Aceh. The Aceh government had to strive to develop the foundation of inclusive education. This study suggests that the local government of Aceh should implement inclusive education using the Index for Inclusion and start by strengthening an inclusive culture before moving on to policy and implementation.

Contribution of Schools to Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Czechia

PurposeIt is unclear how much opening of schools during Covid-19 pandemic contributes to new SARS-CoV-2 infections among children. We investigated the impact of school opening with various mitigation measures (masks, rotations, mass testing) on growth rate of new cases in child cohorts ranging from kindergartens to upper secondary in Czechia, a country heavily hit by Covid-19, since April 2020 to June 2021.MethodsOur primary method is comparison of the reported infections in age cohorts corresponding to school grades undergoing different regimes. When there is no opportunity for such a comparison, we estimate corresponding coefficients from a regression model. In both the cases, we assume that district-level infections in particular cohorts depend on the school attendance and the external environment in dependence on the current overall risk contact reduction.ResultsThe estimates of in-cohort growth rates were significantly higher for normally opened schools compared to closed schools. When prevalence is comparable in the cohorts and general population, and no further measures are applied, the in-cohort growth reduction for closed kindergartens is 29% (SE=11%); primary: 19% (7%); lower secondary: 39% (6%); upper secondary: 47% (6%). For secondary education, mitigation measures reduce school-related growth 2-6 times.ConclusionConsidering more infectious SARS-CoV-2 variants and the ‘long covid’ risk, mitigation measures in schools, especially in secondary levels, should be implemented for the next school year. Some infections, however, are inevitable, even in kindergartens (where mitigation measures are difficult to implement) and primary schools (where they may not work due to low adherence).