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2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Purva Verma ◽  
Ashwin Mathew George

Objectives: The aim of this review is to systematically analyze the efficacy of molar distalization using clear aligners in non-growing Class II patients. Materials and Methods: A complete search across the electronic database through PubMed, Cochrane, Google scholar, LILACS, and manual search of orthodontic journals were done till 2019. Studies were selected on the basis of PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of four articles were included in this review. The amount of molar distalization reported was 2–3 mm. Conclusion: Out of the four studies included. In all the studies a significant amount of distalization was reported. Three retrospective studies concluded that distalization with aligners is the most effective of all tooth movements. One study concluded that aligners effectively achieved distalization with an efficacy of 87%, other two studies concluded that aligners effectively distalized the molars with good control over vertical dimension and mesiodistal tipping.


Author(s):  
Hanna Kniazieva (Postelnyk) ◽  
Serhii Kniaziev ◽  
Mykola M. Tkachuk ◽  
Natalia Pinchuk

The paper provides a brief overview of the standard capabilities of X-ray techniques for studying materials with examples of modern performance of elemental and structural studies. X-ray research methods make it possible to reveal the elemental and phase-structural state. Thanks to modern software and electronic databases, the use of previously complex techniques is becoming simpler and more accessible. To illustrate the solution of specific problems, several examples of obtaining and decoding diffraction patterns and identifying the phase composition of the coating and ceramic material are given. An example of work in modern specialized software for acceleration and automation of phase identification is shown. For clarity, an example of identifying phases using electronic database cards is presented, which is still used today for manual decoding.  The practice of interaction between researchers shows that even specialists in the field of X-ray structural analysis are not always aware of modern methods of processing and decoding the obtained data. The possibilities and algorithm of action in research can be interesting for students, engineers, researchers of materials science and mechanical engineering profile. Keywords: microscopy, X-raystructural analysis, X-rayfluorescence analysis


Author(s):  
Надежда Викторовна Грязева ◽  
Валерий Викторович Кубанов

В статье анализируются вопросы совершенствования сбора, учета, поиска и представления информации об уголовных делах, возбужденных в отношении лиц, содержащихся в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Исследована структура электронной базы данных «Преступления, совершенные подозреваемыми, обвиняемыми, осужденными, содержащимися в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации», введенной в эксплуатацию в 2020 г. Для сравнения приводятся характеристики электронной базы данных, действующей с 2008 по 2020 г. В ходе анализа ведомственного нормативного акта, регулирующего рассматриваемую сферу деятельности, выявлены пробелы в отображении информации, имеющей значение для эффективного предупреждения пенитенциарных преступлений, и сформулированы соответствующие предложения по их устранению. Изучение материалов уголовных дел о преступлениях, совершаемых лицами в период нахождения в учреждениях, обеспечивающих изоляцию от общества, в статусе подозреваемого, обвиняемого, осужденного, позволило заключить, что последние при совершении таких преступлений, как побеги и мошенничества с использованием средств сотовой связи, применяют личный опыт преступной деятельности. Сделан вывод о том, что современные автоматизированные информационные системы, используемые в пенитенциарных учреждениях, не должны ограничиваться узкой задачей учета информации об уголовных делах, возбужденных в отношении лиц, содержащихся в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Исследуемая электронная база данных дает широкие возможности для избирательного поиска и последующего анализ всего комплекса сведений, связанных с пенитенциарной преступностью. The article analyzes the issues of improving the collection, accounting, search and presentation of information about criminal cases initiated against persons held in penal institutions. The structure of the electronic database is investigated: «Crimes committed by suspects, accused, convicted persons held in institutions of the penal system of the Russian Federation», commissioned in 2020. For comparison, the characteristics of an electronic database operating from 2008 to 2020 are given. During the analysis of the departmental normative act regulating the sphere of activity under consideration, gaps in the display of information relevant for the effective prevention of penitentiary crimes were identified and appropriate proposals for their elimination were formulated. The study of the materials of criminal cases on crimes committed by persons during their stay in institutions providing isolation from society in the status of a suspect, accused, convicted allowed us to conclude that the latter, when committing crimes such as escapes and fraud using cellular communications, use personal experience of criminal activity. It is concluded that modern automated information systems used in penitentiary institutions should not be limited to the narrow task of recording information about criminal cases initiated against persons held in institutions of the penal system. The electronic database under study provides ample opportunities for selective search and subsequent analysis of the entire complex of information related to penitentiary crime.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Cassia Virginia Garcia ◽  
Taiana Markoski

Background: Colic and diarrhea are among the most common gastrointestinal disorders in childhood, which manifest spontaneously and acute. The allopathic treatment consists, in most cases, in the administration of the association homatropine-dimethicone to relieve colic, and oral rehydration and loperamide in cases of diarrhea [1,2]. The ineffectiveness of the conventional treatment and the possible adverse effects they may cause have led to increase the demand from children’ parents for complementary and alternative therapies, and homeopathy can be one of the first choices in this disorders [3]. Aims: make a literature review evaluating the effectiveness of homeopathic treatment for colic and diarrhea in children, observing the relation between the main medicines prescribed in these disorders and their pathogenesis described in materia medica. Methodology: a literature research was performed applying electronic database, including Medline, HomeoIndex, BIREME, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, and ScienceDirect in the period from September to December 2010. Results: Data found indicate that few studies are available in the literature to prove the effectiveness of homeopathic medicines for colic and diarrhea in children, but the applicability of this therapeutic modality seems to be useful, safe and low cost, which are important factors for less favored communities. Besides, studies concerning diarrhea are more frequent, not only because of its gravity, but also for the duration, which makes more adequate the monitoring, on the contrary to acute colic. The most cited medicines were Chamomilla, Nux vomica, Arsenicum album and Mercurius solubilis. Conclusions: Homeopathy can be an important source of colic and diarrhea relief. However, more investigations should be performed in order to show parents how valuable this kind of therapy can be to children and the whole family.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jeong Hun Lee ◽  
Yong Won Kim ◽  
Tae Youn Kim ◽  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Han Ho Do ◽  
...  

Objective. Identification of the prehospital factors associated with a poor prognosis of immediate traumatic arrest should help reduce unwarranted treatment. We aim to reveal the clinical factors related to death after traumatic arrest on the scene. Methods. We performed a multicenter (4 tertiary hospitals in urban areas of South Korea) retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with trauma arrest on scene who were transferred by fire ambulance from January 2016 to December 2018. Patients with death on arrival in the emergency room (ER) were excluded. Prehospital data were collected from first aid records, and information on each patient’s survival outcome in the ER was collected from an electronic database. Patients were divided into ER death and ER survival groups, and variables associated with prehospital trauma were compared. Results. A total of 145 (84.3%) and 27 (15.7%) patients were enrolled in the ER death and survival groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that asystole (OR 4.033, 95% CI 1.342–12.115, p = 0.013) was related to ER death and that ROSC in the prehospital phase (OR 0.100, 95% CI 0.012–0.839, p = 0.034) was inversely related to ER death. In subgroup analysis of those who suffered fall injuries, greater height of fall was associated with ER death (15.0 (5.5–25.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0–7.5) meters, p = 0.001); the optimal height cutoff for prediction of ER death was 10 meters, with 66.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Conclusions. In cases of traumatic arrest, asystole, no prehospital ROSC, and falls from a greater height were associated with trauma death in the ER. Termination of resuscitation in traumatic arrest cases should be done on the basis of comprehensive clinical factors.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Nidhi Kamra ◽  
Ankita Tuknayat

Apert syndrome is a Type 1 acrocephalosyndactyly syndrome presenting predominantly with craniofacial malformations and syndactyly. It can present with a multitude of clinical features involving any system of the body. A literature search of the PubMed electronic database was performed using the keywords “Apert syndrome” and “dermatology” in the title. The relevant references of the included articles were traced and included. A total of 27 articles appeared, the abstracts of which were screened and reviewed by both the authors independently for inclusion. After carefully analyzing all papers case by case, 21 such cases were retrieved. Cases presenting with other clinical features apart from dermatological features were also reviewed but were not included in the table. A total of about 30 patients of Apert syndrome have been described in dermatological literature, acne being the most common dermatological manifestation. Predominant clinical features in all the cases were brachycephaly due to craniosynostosis and syndactyly of hands and feet. Most of the patients had skeletal, dental, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, cardiovascular, and dermatological manifestations in varying proportions. Apert syndrome is a rare entity which can present to a dermatologist. It is, therefore, pertinent to be able to diagnose and recognize the various clinical features of this syndrome to ensure timely management of such patients.


Author(s):  
Meri Sargsyan

The formal description of the languages has become more and more practical; however, it should be noted that the full formal description of the Armenian language has not yet been done. However, the fact that certain attempts have been made is undeniable. The Electronic database of the Armenian word-formation (https://formlang.am/) is the first stage of the complex project in the full formal description of the Armenian language. In the current article, we want to present the advantages of the electronic database of the Armenian word-formation. The electronic database containing the word-formation analysis of thousands of words can search for words and morphemes within them. It means that searching for any root or affix appears all the simple, compound, derived and derived-compound words made up of them. It enables us to reveal the regular structures and the variative forms, deflections, and irregularities with frequency data with their automatic analysis and the possibility of derivation. The database gives a great opportunity to study the Armenian word-formation on synchronic and diachronic points, to discover the basic patterns of the formation of new words, by the thousands of examples to find out the principles and ways of word-formation in the Armenian language, to have the full list of the distinguished simple, compound, derived and derived-compound Armenian words. The current database has not only practical great value to involve the Armenian language in the domain of the modern informational technologies as the communicative mean, but also significant theoretical value to present the accurate description of the vocabulary structure. Thus, it will give an excellent perspective for solving the problems of theoretical linguistics and the practical -applied tasks. It can be significant for the further development of Armenology.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-711
Author(s):  
Marco G. Ceppi ◽  
Marlene S. Rauch ◽  
Peter S. Sándor ◽  
Andreas R. Gantenbein ◽  
Shyam Krishnakumar ◽  
...  

Background: Delirium is a brain condition associated with poor outcomes in rehabilitation. It is therefore important to assess delirium incidence in rehabilitation. Purpose: To develop and validate a chart-based method to identify incident delirium episodes within the electronic database of a Swiss rehabilitation clinic, and to identify a study population of validated incident delirium episodes for further research purposes. Design: Retrospective validation study. Settings: Routinely collected inpatient clinical data from ZURZACH Care. Participants: All patients undergoing rehabilitation at ZURZACH Care, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach between 2015 and 2018 were included. Methods: Within the study population, we identified all rehabilitation stays for which ≥2 delirium-predictive key words (common terms used to describe delirious patients) were recorded in the medical charts. We excluded all prevalent delirium episodes and defined the remaining episodes to be potentially incident. At least two physicians independently confirmed or refuted each potential incident delirium episode by reviewing the patient charts. We calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for all potential incident delirium episodes and for specific subgroups. Results: Within 10,515 rehabilitation stays we identified 554 potential incident delirium episodes. Overall, 125 potential incident delirium episodes were confirmed by expert review. The PPV of the chart-based method varied from 0.23 (95% CI 0.19–0.26) overall to 0.69 (95% CI 0.56–0.79) in specific subgroups. Conclusions: Our chart-based method was able to capture incident delirium episodes with low to moderate accuracy. By conducting an additional expert review of the medical charts, we identified a study population of validated incident delirium episodes. Our chart-based method contributes towards an automated detection of potential incident delirium episodes that, supplemented with expert review, efficiently yields a validated population of incident delirium episodes for research purposes.


Author(s):  
Anjali, Sushma ◽  
Reena Sharma

Utricaceae is a family of herbs and shrubs that can be found in a variety of habitats around the world. A lot of research has been carried out till date targeted for close understanding of this medicinal plant. The botanical distribution, Ethnomedicinal applications, Traditional uses as well as Pharmacological properties of the Urtica genus, are discussed in this study. The composition such as flavonoids and array of phenolic compounds which includes alcohols, Diocanol, Diol glucosides, Terpenes diols, and sugars as well are an inclusion in the genus Urtica. A wide range of research reports have been published representing its biological and pharmacological potential against cancer, tumors, bacterial, viral or fungal infections significantly. The information about the Urtica genus has been extracted using electronic database search such as Google Scholar and Pubmed as well as a library search for peer-reviewed journal publications.


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