electronic detonator
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2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Weijie Ding ◽  
Bei Jia ◽  
Dianshu Liu

Blasting excavation is extensively used in tunnel construction, and the adverse effect of ground vibration induced by blasting on surrounding structures and inhabitants is a critical problem. This study aims to investigate the tunnel hollow effect on triaxial peak particle velocities (PPV) and dominant frequencies induced by electronic detonator. Field experiments were conducted in a shallow tunnel construction site and the ground vibration waveforms were recorded. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) was applied to denoise and correct the zero-drift phenomenon, and the proposed method of selecting the optimal parameter was verified. A series of statistical analyses and tests were performed to evaluate the differences of peak particle velocity and dominant frequency among various monitoring points. The results showed that the hollow effect on Z-axis PPV is significant, and triaxial PPV is also affected when the horizontal distance exceeds 30 m. The hollow effect on dominant frequency could not be identified since the hollow of tunnel is a free face, and the dominant frequency of reflected wave remains unchanged. An augmented factor of 1.229 is determined carefully as the hollow effect factor on PPV. Therefore, blasting vibration induced by electronic detonator of the excavated zone should be attached with greater importance, and hollow effect on PPV should be considered in the blasting design of tunnel excavation.


Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Runcai Bai ◽  
Xue Sun ◽  
Haoran Li ◽  
Honglu Fei ◽  
...  

To improve the productivity and efficient of modern large-scale open-cut mines, a number of technologies are developed and trialed, including new blasting equipment, larger blasting holes, high benches, air spacing, and short-delay blasting within holes. However, the relative blasting parameters need field calibration and further investigation of theories on these techniques are required. This paper studied the open-cut bench blasting at Barun Eboxi Mine of Baotou Iron and Steel Group via theoretical analysis on shock wave, numerical simulation, and field test. According to the technical conditions of the site, three sets of vertical boreholes at 310 mm diameter were drilled on 24 m high batter; and three sets of air-spaced charges were set up. The digital electronic detonator was used to initiate at millisecond intervals. The study found that under the condition of 24 m high bench, the use of intermediate air interval is beneficial to the rock fragmentation. The delay time within the hole is 3-8 ms. The bottom of the lower explosives and the top of the upper explosives were devised for initiation to optimize the initiation location. The peak effective stress points are 63.6%, 52.2%, and 8.9% higher, respectively. The field test of high-bench intrahole millisecond blasting in Barun Eboxi mine shows that the intrahole millisecond blasting parameters proposed in this study are feasible.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhen Lei ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Yu-Jing Li ◽  
Zheng-Hua Gao

To ensure the safe and efficient excavation of ultradeep foundation pits in a complex urban environment, the ultradeep foundation pit excavation project of Liuguangmen Urban Complex in Guiyang City was taken as the study point. A high-efficiency blasting method was proposed for the excavation of vibration-isolating slot and electronic detonators, and a three-dimensional spatial calculation model of the foundation pit structure was established. In addition, the field test and numerical simulation of the blasting vibration were developed. The feasibility of the high-efficiency blasting method was demonstrated, and the propagation law of the dynamic response characteristic parameters of the structure was explored using an electronic detonator and vibration-isolating slot. The results show that the electronic detonator carried out peak shaving within the group, unloading waves between the groups, and the blocking effect of the vibration-isolating slot, and all these effectively reduced the peak stress and peak particle vibration velocity, evenly distributed the vibration velocity, and guaranteed the safety of the surrounding existing buildings, proving the feasibility of the efficient blasting method. There is a “wall effect” at the supporting pile, whose propagation velocity is lower than that inside the rock mass, and the PPV is radial X > tangential Y > vertical Z. The peak values of stress, strain, and PPV all decrease with increasing supporting pile height, and there is an inflection point at 20 m. The internal nodes of the pile reciprocate without sharp change and failure in displacement. The peak displacement of different nodes is in the order X > Y > Z with increasing pile height, and the maximum peak value is 0.08 mm.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yuanjun Ma ◽  
Yongjian Zhu ◽  
Jun Zhu

The delay-time of detonators in hole-by-hole blasting is generally calculated accurately considering they have great influence on the blasting effect, such as blasting vibration and blasting slungshot. The high-precision nonel detonator and digital electronic detonator are been commonly used because of their accuracy of delay-time. However, each detonator has an allowable error range of delay-time due to the difference in manufacturing process. In the initiation network, the errors of delay-time often accumulate gradually as the number of detonators increases. Therefore, theoretical delay-time and actual delay-time with error in the detonating network were discussed based on the delay-time errors of detonators. The single-factor variable method was used to carry out the comparative test in deep hole blasting. The results showed that the particle peak vibration velocity (PPV) was 13.1783 cm/s and 3.4856 cm/s with a drop of 73.55% in comparison with a nonel detonator and digital electronic detonator, which proved that hole-by-hole blasting in the high-precision nonel detonator network was not achieved due to the delay error of detonators. Furthermore, the location distribution map of holes where the same section of detonators might occur was obtained. Finally, the probability of blasting in the same section changes with the number of blast holes was discovered by theoretical analysis, which provided a basis for accurate hole-by-hole blasting.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rizani ◽  
Kartini Kartini ◽  
Khairunnisa Umar
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Aris Hermawanto ◽  
Radja Nove Putra

ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi kualitas hasil peledakan adalah tingkat keakurasian waktu tunda dari sistem inisiasi peledakan yang digunakan. Saat ini, peledakan di Pit PAMA CMD PT Kaltim Prima Coal (PT KPC) menggunakan detonator non electric (nonel) yang memiliki tingkat keakurasian waktu tunda sebesar ±97-98% dari waktu tunda rencana. Hasil analisis fragmentasi menggunakan software WipFrag™ dan pengukuran digging time pada peledakan nonel menunjukkan % passing 300 mm (P30) sebesar 80,64% dengan digging time 11,10 detik di Pit Pelikan dan P30 sebesar 82,66% dengan digging time 10,41 detik di Pit Kanguru. Ukuran fragmentasi pada peledakan nonel di Pit PAMA CMD aktualnya telah memenuhi standar ukuran fragmentasi yang diterapkan di PT KPC yaitu P30 ≥ 80%, namun masih terdapat potensi untuk meningkatkan hasil ini dengan menggunakan detonator elektronik DigiShot™ Plus (DS+). Penggunaan DS+ yang memiliki tingkat keakurasian waktu tunda mencapai ±99.8% dari waktu tunda rencana, selain dapat meningkatkan kualitas ukuran fragmentasi juga dapat memperbaiki digging time dan mengurangi penggunaan Lead in Line (LiL) dengan aplikasi remote firing. Hasil peledakan DS+ di Pit Pelikan menunjukkan P30 sebesar 86,24% atau 5,6% lebih tinggi dibanding peledakan nonel dengan digging time 10,22 detik atau 7,9% lebih cepat dibanding peledakan nonel. Sementara data yang didapat di Pit Kanguru menunjukkan P30 sebesar 87,55% atau 4,9% lebih tinggi dengan digging time 9,66 detik atau 7,2% lebih cepat dibanding peledakan nonel. Data ini didapatkan dari penggunaan DS+ sebanyak 8.541 unit di 89 lokasi peledakan di Pit Pelikan dan Pit Kanguru PAMA CMD PT KPC. Selaras dengan peningkatan pada kualitas fragmentasi dan digging time, peledakan DS+ di Pit PAMA CMD juga berkontribusi terhadap perbaikan produktivitas alat gali yang meningkat ±2,5% dan penghematan penggunaan LiL sepanjang 49,8 km. Dapat disimpulkan, penggunaan detonator elektronik pada peledakan sangat berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil peledakan dan penghematan biaya peledakan jika diaplikasikan dengan optimal. Kata kunci: elektronik, fragmentasi, digging time   ABSTRACT One important factor that influences the quality of blasting results is the accuracy of the delay of the blasting initiation system used. At present, the blast activity at PAMA CMD Pit PT Kaltim Prima Coal uses a non-electric (nonel) detonator which has a delay time accuracy of ± 97-98% of the planned delay. The results of fragmentation analysis using WipFrag™ software and measurement of digging time on nonel blasting showed % passing 300 mm (P30) was 80.64% with digging time of 11.10 seconds in the Pelikan Pit and P30 of 82.66% with digging time of 10.41 seconds in the Kanguru Pit.The size of the fragmentation in nonel blast at PAMA CMD Pit actually has met the standard fragmentation size applied at PT KPC which is P30 ≥ 80%, but there is still potential to increase this result by using the DigiShot ™ Plus (DS +) electronic detonator. The use of DS + which has an accuracy of delay time reaching ± 99.8% of the plan delay time, not only to increase the quality of the fragmentation size, but also improve digging time and reduce the use of Lead in Line (LiL) with remote firing applications. The results of DS + blasting in Pelikan Pit showed P30 was 86.24% or 5.6% higher than nonel blasting with digging time 10.22 seconds or 7.9% faster than nonel blasting. The data obtained in the Kanguru Pit showed P30 was 87.55% or 4.9% higher with a digging time of 9.66 seconds or 7.2% faster than nonel blasting. This data was obtained from the use of DS + as many as 8,541 units in 89 blasting locations in the Pelikan Pit and the Kanguru PAMA CMD Pit PT KPC. In line with the improvement in the quality of fragmentation and digging time, DS + blasting in the PAMA CMD Pit also contributed to improved digging equipment productivity which increased by ± 2.5% and savings in the use of LiL along 49.8 km. It can be concluded, the use of electronic detonators in blasting has the potential to improve the quality of blasting results and blast cost savings if applied optimally. Keywords: electronics, fragmentation, digging time


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-326
Author(s):  
Sutami Sitorus ◽  
Elfizar Diando

ABSTRAK Pit C2, merupakan salah satu blok penambangan Site Sambarata Mine Operation yaitu masuk ke dalam blok B1. Merupakan pit aktif hingga sekarang dimana penambangan dari 2018 hingga akhir 2019 telah mengarah ke pemukiman hingga boundary pit (2019) berjarak 200 m ke pemukiman terdekat dan area tersebut penambangan menggunakan peledakan.Volume overburden pada area tersebut yang termasuk zona dibawah 500 m jarak aman peledakan adalah 1.340.281 bcm dan coal sebesar 175.237 ton dengan SR 7,65. Telah diterapkan beberapa taknik peledakan pada area tersebut ,yaitu salah satunya dengan sistem peledakan elektronik detonator dengan berbagai improvmentnya diantaranya : pola segementasi, segmentasi bufferzone, electronic detonator with air decking dan penggunaan matrial stemming full gravel. Kendala yang timbul adalah masalah efek peledakan yaitu vibrasi dan fly rock dengan jarak tersebut serta pembentukan bench height yang tidak maksimal karena adanya limit kedalaman lubang maksimal 5 m di area 500-300 m dari pemukiman, sehingga produktivity unit (PC 2000) tidak maksimal dan menimbulkan blasting cost yang tinggi. Penggunaan Explosives Low Density (0,7-0,8 gr/cc), di area < 500 m dari pemukiman bisa menambah kedalaman lubang bor hingga kedalaman 7 m, sehingga menambah volume peledakan tanpa mengubah parameter peledakan sebelumnya yaitu : pattern peledakan, charging weight dan penggunaan sistem elektronik detonator dan juga bisa menggunakan sistem peledakan nonel. Dengan explosive low density pengingkatan column raise lubang ledak menjadi 1,3 m. Dari data digging time unit loader (PC 2000), mampu mencapai 9,9 detik dari target maksimal 11 detik, produktivity di atas 700 bcm/jam dan vibration effect yang dihasilkan masih di bawah 2,2 mm/sec (PVS) yang menjadi patokan site. Sehingga penggunaan explosive low explosive ini bisa mempercepat sekuen penambangan di pit C2 sesuai dengan boundary disain 2019 Kata kunci : Low density,Ground vibration, fly rock , productivity  ABSTRACT Pit C2, is one of the Mining Samntbarata Mine Operation mining blocks, which is included in Block B1. It is an active pit up to now where mining from 2018 to the end of 2019 has led to settlements to the boundary pit (2019) within 200 m to the nearest settlement and the area is mining using blasting. Overburden volume in the area which includes zones below 500 m safe blasting distance is 1,340,281 bcm and coal of 175,237 tons with SR of 7.65. Several blasting techniques have been applied in this area, one of which is an electronic detonator blasting system with various improvements including: Segmentation pattern, buffer zone segmentation, electronic detonator with air decking and the use of full gravel matrial stemming. The obstacle that arises is the problem of blasting effects namely vibration and fly rock with that distance and the formation of bench height that is not optimal because of the maximum hole depth of 5 m in the area of 500-300 m from the settlement, so the productivity unit (PC 2000) is not optimal and causes high blasting cost. The use of Explosives Low Density (0.7-0.8 gr / cc), in the <500 m area of the settlement can increase the depth of the drill hole to a depth of 7 m, thus increasing the volume of blasting without changing the previous blasting parameters namely: blasting pattern, charging weight and the use of an electronic detonator system and can also use a nonel blasting system. With explosive low density the column raising the explosive hole to 1.3 m. From the digging time unit loader data (PC 2000), it can reach 9.9 seconds from the maximum target of 11 seconds, productivity above 700 bcm / hour and the resulting vibration effect is still below 2.2 mm / sec (PVS) which is the benchmark site . So that the use of low explosive explosives can accelerate the mining sequence in pit C2 in accordance with the 2019 design boundary. Kata kunci : Low density,Ground vibration, fly rock , productivity


2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Igor Katanov ◽  
Sergey Kondratyev ◽  
Andrey Sysoyev

The topicality of the present work lies in justification of the means of increasing safety during mass explosions in opencasts. The solution to this problem is possible due to the orientation of downholes in the array, taking into account the angle of incidence and extension of the strata, high-quality stemming and initiation of downhole charges by delay detonators with a minimal deviation from nominal values of their firing time. The most promising way to increase the safety and efficiency of blasting is an integrated approach, including drilling downholes, normal to the strata, and using the design of the downhole charge, rationally distributing the explosion energy in the space of the rock mass due to the use of stemming of a variable density, low-density gap between the parts of the explosive charge and the bottom a downhole compensator based on foam gel and the use of hybrid electronic detonator Iskra-T.


2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 332-337
Author(s):  
Wei Feng Cheng ◽  
Zhen Yu Wang ◽  
Yin Lu Chen ◽  
Guo Hua Liu

Excavation blasting has a great impact on the buildings, therefore, it is important to control blasting vibrations. In this paper, based on the time-energy density analysis and wavelet packet analysis for measured data of blasting vibrations, some useful results can be concluded. Firstly, the energy of Millisecond Detonator Blasting (MDB) vibration signals in the 0~200Hz band accounts for 90.06% of the total energy, and its advantage energy mainly distribute in low-frequency band. However, the energy of Digital Electronic Detonator Blasting (DEDB) vibration signals in the 0~600Hz band is 96.08% of the total energy, its advantage energy mainly distribute in wider band. Moreover, the time-energy density curve of DEDB doesnt have the abrupt and separated fluctuation, which indicates the interference and superposition of DEDB are very distinct. The controlled DEDBs and tunnel support measures of this project have achieved a good effect. The comprehensive benefits are remarkable and it has an important significance for improving the level of blasting technology.


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