Characteristics of product complementary feeding with fortified fish protein hydrolysate (FPH)

Malnutrition is still a major problem in Indonesia, particularly stunting and acute malnutrition due to protein deficiency. In contrast, Indonesia is rich in protein sources such as fish but they are poorly utilized. Biologically processed fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) has proven to be highly nutritious and digestible. Our preliminary study in developing the High Protein Complementary Food (HPCF) formula for infant enriched with FPH, showed that of 17 formulas, 3 formulas was the best. This study was aimed to analyzing sensory analysis using the hedonic test, physical analysis and absorption protein. The result shows that the hedonic test of FPH-enriched HPCF infant food revealed that the product was acceptable in term of colour, aroma and texture. In comparison to the commercial product, FPH-enriched instant HPCF infant product had higher bulk density. The highest Water Absorption Index (WAI) was F1-C, the highest Water Solubility Index (WSI) was F1-P, and the lowest rehydration was F2-P. Compared to commercial products, the instant FPH-enriched HPCF baby porridge has a bulk density that is greater than that of commercial products. The highest Water Absorption Index (WAI) was F1-C, the highest Water Solubility Index (WSI) was F1-P and the lowest time for Rehydration was at F2-P. HPCF enriched with FPH showed the best protein absorption significantly in the P2 treatment group

Preparation of tambacu protein concentrates using different methodologies

The aim of this study was to develop methodologies to obtain fish protein concentrates from tambacu filleting residues, characterize their physical-chemical composition and evaluate their sensory profile. Concentrates were prepared by one of three methodologies: cooking of the raw material and subsequent drying (FPC1); cooking, drying, lipid removal with ethanol at 70 °C and final drying (FPC2); and three washing steps of the raw material with ethanol at 70 °C and drying (FPC3). FPC2 had a lower final yield (15.5%) and chroma a* (1.77) and chroma b* values (14.12) but higher moisture (5.22%) and protein content (80.39%) and luminosity (74.97), in addition to having the weakest fish taste compared to FPC1 and FPC3. FPC1 had the strongest odour, darkest colour, and strongest fish taste compared to FPC2 and FPC3. Ash, pH values, and water activity were not different between the concentrates. It is concluded that the methodology where lipid removal steps are carried out after cooking and drying (FPC2) is more effective for the removal of lipids and deodorization of tambacu protein concentrate.

Nutritional evaluation of fish protein hydrolysate and its application in piglet production

This study was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and ileal digestibility of amino acids (AA) of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), and to evaluate the effects of FPH on the performance of piglets. In Exp. 1, the available energy content of FPH was determined by difference methods: 12 barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 40.0±2.1kg were randomly assigned into two dietary treatments with six replicates per treatment, the treatments contained a corn basal diet and an experimental diet in which 20% corn was replaced by FPH. The experiment was lasted for 12 days, with 7 days adaptation period followed by 5 days total collection of feces and urine. In Exp. 2, the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in FPH by the N-free method was determined, 12 barrows (initial BW of 35.3±1.8 kg) with ileal T-cannulas were randomly allotted into two treatments with six replicates per treatment, the dietary treatments consisted of an experimental diet and a N-free diet. The experiment was lasted for 7 days, with 5 days adaptation period followed by 2 days collection of ileal digesta. In Exp. 3, the effect of FPH on the performance of piglets was conducted. 192 piglets (initial BW of 8.10±1.8kg) were randomly allotted into four treatments with six replicates per treatment. The treatments were a control diet with fish meal (FM) and part or all FM was replaced by FPH, got diets containing 2%, 3% or 5% FPH. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Results showed that: In Exp. 1, the DE and ME of FPH were 21.12MJ/kg and 20.28MJ/kg. In Exp. 2, the SID of Lys, Met, Thr and Trp were 79.99%, 87.17%, 68.29%, and 71.53% respectively. In Exp. 3, addition of 3% FPH increased nutrient digestibility and volatile fatty acid content in feces. Addition of 5% FPH increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI), significantly increased (P<0.05) the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), while significantly decreased (P<0.05) the average daily gain (ADG). In conclusion, FPH had a high value of digestible energy and ileal digestible essential amino acids, could improve nutrient digestibility, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of piglets, while adverse to nitrogen deposition in piglets.

Natural v/s Commercial Trypsin Isolated from Liver Waste of Labeo Rohita

The mounting human population and the massive amount of waste generated from the same is receiving particular attention towards valorization of waste. According to the annual report of FAO, (2018) the human consumption of fish protein has reached 87% in 2016 from 67% during 1960s. Aquaculture only has contributed to 5.8% annual growth rate among food sectors in the past decade. In this milieu, disposal of fish visceral waste is becoming a major menace to fishery industries exerting a great economic and environmental impact. Being perishable in nature, the organic portion of the waste decomposes rapidly and acts as a breeding ground for microbes. Moreover, the hefty and indiscriminate use of antibiotics and disinfectants in farmed animals is developing resistant strains, thus raising environment and ecological concerns. In order to solve such problem, the present investigation focussed upon employing the visceral trypsin as a cell dissociating agent. The efficacy of trypsin obtained from viscera of Labeo rohita upon KB cell line (Doubling time 50 hrs) was assessed in terms of cell viability. The cytotoxic effect of the visceral trypsin at 0.01%, 0.1% and 1% concentration were investigated at three time points (10 sec, 15 sec and 20 sec). Commercial (bovine) trypsin was considered as control. A time dependent decrease in cell viability upon gradually increasing the concentration was observed in all groups of treatment. The lowest reduction in cell viability (2%) was observed with 1% concentration at 15 sec and 20sec. Although, commercial trypsin was found more efficient than trypsin isolated from waste during this study but the potency of visceral trypsin observed cannot be ruled out. Thus, the application of this enzyme as a cell-dissociating agent suggested it as a comparable candidate with commercial trypsin.

Pelatihan Kader Posyandu dalam Pembuatan Biskuit Kaya Protein Ikan di Desa Cileles, Jatinangor, Sumedang

The role of mothers is very important in increasing the consumption of fish protein for toddlers and children. Consumption of fish protein is very useful for maintaining health, accelerating growth and development of children, and increasing intelligence. The aim of this program is to provide knowledge and train skills in making biscuits rich in fish protein fortified with nilem fish meat flour to Posyandu women as the target audience in Cileles Village, Jatinangor Subdistrict, Sumedang District. This activity lasts for seven months, from May to December 2020. The methods used training in making fish potein – rich biscuit. Based on the results of the activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded that posyandu caders have been knowledge and skills in making fish protein-rich biscuits fortified with nilem fish meat flour. Organoleptically produced products are preferred by panelis.