biological experiment
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zhang ◽  
Yajing Li ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
Miaocheng Weng ◽  
Fang Liu

Abstract The payload of the Chang’e-4 biological experiment is used as an object for designing and analyzing the location of cold and heat sources. The research compares and analyzes the energy consumption and temperature uniformity of cooling and heating sources mounted on different surfaces using Thermal Desktop/Sinda Fluint, which may be used to guide the design and operation of active thermal control systems. The results indicate that when the hot and cold sources are mounted on the payload’s top surface, the total energy consumption of the active thermal control system is minimized and temperature uniformity is improved.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Xiao-xin Du ◽  
Jian-fei Zhang

AbstractComputer aided research of lncRNA-disease association is an important way to study the development of lncRNA-disease. The correlation analysis of existing data, the establishment of prediction model, prediction of unknown lncRNA-disease association, can make the biological experiment targeted, improve the accuracy of biological experiment. In this paper, a lncRNA-disease association prediction model based on latent factor model and projection is proposed (LFMP). This method uses lncRNA-miRNA association data and miRNA-disease association data to predict the unknown lncRNA-disease association, so this method does not need lncRNA-disease association data. The simulation results show that under the LOOCV framework, the AUC of LFMP can reach 0.8964. Better than the latest results. Through the case study of lung and colorectal tumors, LFMP can effectively infer the undetected lncRNA-disease association.


2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152110306
Author(s):  
Oksana Vladimirovna Kadyseva ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Bykov ◽  
Olga Yurievna Strelova ◽  
Alexander Nikolaevich Grebenyuk

The biopolymer chitosan is widely used for the development of local hemostatic agents. However, the physicochemical parameters of chitosan that determine its hemostatic properties have not yet been determined. Standard quality control of chitosan-containing raw materials and medical products on its basis do not allow us to make a conclusion about the effectiveness of their use for stopping bleeding. The most reliable method for assessing hemostatic activity remains in vivo experiment on large animals. The aim of this study was to determine additional physicochemical parameters of chitosan, which would make it possible to predict its hemostatic activity without conducting a biological experiment. In this work, using the methods of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, spectrophotometry and viscometry, it has been shown that the ability to initiate hemostasis is depending of the molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of chitosan, but not enough linearly. The hemostatic properties in vitro increases in a series of samples with a relatively constant molecular weight with an increase in the degree of deacetylation. As well as in a series with the same degree of deacetylation with an increase in molecular weight. However, at molecular weight values more than 300 kDa, the viscosity of the polymer causes the opposite effect: with an increase in the degree of deacetylation, the hemostatic activity decreases. The best ability to initiate hemostasis have chitosan samples with a degree of deacetylation of 90.0%–97.4% and molecular weight 145.7–284.7 kDa, in which at pH of solution close to physiological, a significant part of the molecules transitioned from conformation state rigid rod to state globule. It was accompanied by an abrupt change in light transmission of the solution. It was concluded, that it is possible to study conformational states by spectrophotometry to assess the hemostatic activity of chitosan samples without performing biological experiment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyu Wang ◽  
Xiaodan Zhong ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yuanning Liu

Abstract Background Studies have shown that RNA secondary structure, a planar structure formed by paired bases, plays diverse vital roles in fundamental life activities and complex diseases. RNA secondary structure profile can record whether each base is paired with others. Hence, accurate prediction of secondary structure profile can help to deduce the secondary structure and binding site of RNA. RNA secondary structure profile can be obtained through biological experiment and calculation methods. Of them, the biological experiment method involves two ways: chemical reagent and biological crystallization. The chemical reagent method can obtain a large number of prediction data, but its cost is high and always associated with high noise, making it difficult to get results of all bases on RNA due to the limited of sequencing coverage. By contrast, the biological crystallization method can lead to accurate results, yet heavy experimental work and high costs are required. On the other hand, the calculation method is CROSS, which comprises a three-layer fully connected neural network. However, CROSS can not completely learn the features of RNA secondary structure profile since its poor network structure, leading to its low performance. Results In this paper, a novel end-to-end method, named as “RPRes, was proposed to predict RNA secondary structure profile based on Bidirectional LSTM and Residual Neural Network. Conclusions RPRes utilizes data sets generated by multiple biological experiment methods as the training, validation, and test sets to predict profile, which can compatible with numerous prediction requirements. Compared with the biological experiment method, RPRes has reduced the costs and improved the prediction efficiency. Compared with the state-of-the-art calculation method CROSS, RPRes has significantly improved performance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
L.O. Shevchyk ◽  
N.Ya. Kravets ◽  
I.M. Grod

The purpose of the work was the need to study the change in weight and hematological indicators of the rats as a reaction-response to being in difficult and unfavorable experimental conditions. The biological experiment was conducted in compliance with the normative conditions of keeping the rats, in accordance with ethical standards and recommendations for humanization of work with laboratory animals. In order to accomplish these tasks, rats were divided into two groups: control rats were housed in a spacious cage with comfortable living conditions and experimental animals were housed in a small cage with limited ability to move freely. For the purity of the experiment, the feed ration of animals of two groups was the same. Weight and hematological indicators were determined by conventional methods in physiology. It has been found that improper housing conditions, causing a stressful situation adversely affect the eating activity of the test animals, which explains the weak correlation of the dynamics of the weight of the animals in the control and experimental groups. The analysis of the absolute mass of the internal organs of rats showed their direct dependence on body weight and the correlation of these parameters between animals of both groups. The study found that the quantitative ratios of the main hematological parameters of each of the rodents are strictly different. The tendency to increase of the investigated parameters in the experimental group in comparison with the control one is symptomatic and can be explained by sympathetic-vegetative influences. The amount of hemoglobin is directly correlated with the number of red blood cells. Comparison of the content of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes with body weight showed inversely proportional relationship between them. The persistent predominance of leukocytes in the blood of rats in both groups is likely to genetically determined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Mengxi Wang ◽  
Guohui Yang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Qun Wu

In this paper, a 2.4 GHz electromagnetic radiation system for cells in vitro was designed from the perspective of optimal energy coupling of cell samples. The validity of the design was verified by FDTD simulation, physical test and biological experiment. The electromagnetic parameters of SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) and temperature rise were obtained by FDTD simulation. The validation of temperature simulation was confirmed by comparing the actual measurement data and the simulation data. The SAR relative uniformity between samples was tested by cell biological experiment, in which ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), a typical and sensitive biological parameter reacting to electromagnetic radiation in cells, of different sample dishes induced by 2.4 GHz electromagnetic radiation with an incident power of 0.5 W was analyzed. We found that the size of cell dish affects the energy coupling intensity, the polarization characteristics of electromagnetic wave determines the distribution pattern of SAR, and the uniformity of sample energy absorption in this radiation system is good.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Dempster ◽  
Isabella Boyle ◽  
Francisca Vazquez ◽  
David Root ◽  
Jesse S. Boehm ◽  
...  

AbstractCRISPR loss of function screens are a powerful tool to interrogate cancer biology but are known to exhibit a number of biases and artifacts that can confound the results, such as DNA cutting toxicity, incomplete phenotype penetrance and screen quality bias. Computational methods that more faithfully model the CRISPR biological experiment could more effectively extract the biology of interest than typical current methods. Here we introduce Chronos, an algorithm for inferring gene knockout fitness effects based on an explicit model of the dynamics of cell proliferation after CRISPR gene knockout. Chronos is able to exploit longitudinal CRISPR data for improved inference. Additionally, it accounts for multiple sources of bias and can effectively share information across screens when jointly analyzing large datasets such as Project Achilles and Score. We show that Chronos outperforms competing methods across a range of performance metrics in multiple types of experiments.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Min Ye ◽  
Hongkun Zuo

Ca2+ oscillations play an important role in various cell types. Thus, understanding the dynamical mechanisms underlying astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations is of great importance. The main purpose of this article was to investigate dynamical behaviors and bifurcation mechanisms associated with astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations, including stability of equilibrium and classification of different dynamical activities including regular and chaotic Ca2+ oscillations. Computation results show that part of the reason for the appearance and disappearance of spontaneous astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations is that they embody the subcritical Hopf and the supercritical Hopf bifurcation points. In more details, we theoretically analyze the stability of the equilibrium points and illustrate the regular and chaotic spontaneous calcium firing activities in the astrocytes model, which are qualitatively similar to actual biological experiment. Then, we investigate the effectiveness and the accuracy of our nonlinear dynamical mechanism analysis via computer simulations. These results suggest the important role of spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in conjunction with the adjacent neuronal input that may help correlate the connection of both the glia and neuron.


ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Klau ◽  
Abraham F. Pendong ◽  
R.A.V. Tuturoong ◽  
Merci. R. Waani

ENERGY DIGESTIBILITY AND TOTAL DIGESTIBLE  NUTRIENT IN DAIRY COWS GIVEN COMPLETE FEED BASED ON  CORN FORAGE. The purpose of this research  was to examine the value of energy digestibility and total nutrient digestibility in dairy cows which are given complete feed based on corn forage. 14 head of cattle with age ± 6-8 years weighing 300-400 kg were used in this study. This biological experiment used a statistical analysis of the T test with unequal variations (t-test two sample assuming unequel variance). The treatments consists of: Ra (30% Concentrate + 70% Corn forage), and Rb (30% Concentrate + 35% Corn forage + 35% King Grass). The results showed that the energy intake both of treatments(Ra and Rb) were not significantly different (P <0.05) while the energy digestibility and total digestible nutrient of the Rb treatment were significantly higher (P <0.05) than Ra treatment. It can be concluded that feed treatment using of 30% oncentrate, 35% king grass, and 35% corn forage was obtained the best energy disgestibility and total digestible nutrient values.Keywords: energy digestibility, dairy cows. corn forage , king grass.


ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Cindy P. Ransa ◽  
R. A. V. Tuturoong ◽  
A.F. Pendong ◽  
M.R. Waani

NDF AND ADF DIGESTIBILITY OF COMPLETE FEED OF CORN FORAGE IN FH CATTLE. The purpose of this study was to determine the consumption and digestibility of NDF and ADF based on corn forage based feed in FH cattle. The experimental material used was 14 FH dairy cows, aged 7-8 years with weights between 300 - 400 kg, treatment feed, consisting of: Ra = 30% concentrate feed + 70% corn forage and treatment Rb = 30% concentrate + 35% corn forage + 35% king grass. The research method was a biological experiment, with a statistical analysis of the two-sample T test with unequal variation (t-test two sample assuming unequal varience). The results of the T test analysis showed that the NDF consumption of Rb treatment was not significantly different (P> 0.05) compared to Ra, whereas the consumption of ADF, as well as the digestibility of NDF and ADF treatment of Rb was significantly different (P <0.01) with Ra treatment. It can be concluded that the digestibility of NDF and ADF complete feed consisting of concentrate, corn forage and king grass is better, compared to complete feed consisting of concentrate and corn forage. Keywords: Consumption, digestibility, NDF, ADF, complete feed, FH cattle.


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