inventory data
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

779
(FIVE YEARS 220)

H-INDEX

51
(FIVE YEARS 6)

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Christoph Pucher ◽  
Mathias Neumann ◽  
Hubert Hasenauer

Today, European forests face many challenges but also offer opportunities, such as climate change mitigation, provision of renewable resources, energy and other ecosystem services. Large-scale analyses to assess these opportunities are hindered by the lack of a consistent, spatial and accessible forest structure data. This study presents a freely available pan-European forest structure data set. Building on our previous work, we used data from six additional countries and consider now ten key forest stand variables. Harmonized inventory data from 16 European countries were used in combination with remote sensing data and a gap-filling algorithm to produce this consistent and comparable forest structure data set across European forests. We showed how land cover data can be used to scale inventory data to a higher resolution which in turn ensures a consistent data structure across sub-regional, country and European forest assessments. Cross validation and comparison with published country statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) indicate that the chosen methodology is able to produce robust and accurate forest structure data across Europe, even for areas where no inventory data were available.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Anthony ◽  
Thomas W. Crowther ◽  
Sietse van der Linde ◽  
Laura M. Suz ◽  
Martin I. Bidartondo ◽  
...  

AbstractMost trees form symbioses with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) which influence access to growth-limiting soil resources. Mesocosm experiments repeatedly show that EMF species differentially affect plant development, yet whether these effects ripple up to influence the growth of entire forests remains unknown. Here we tested the effects of EMF composition and functional genes relative to variation in well-known drivers of tree growth by combining paired molecular EMF surveys with high-resolution forest inventory data across 15 European countries. We show that EMF composition was linked to a three-fold difference in tree growth rate even when controlling for the primary abiotic drivers of tree growth. Fast tree growth was associated with EMF communities harboring high inorganic but low organic nitrogen acquisition gene proportions and EMF which form contact versus medium-distance fringe exploration types. These findings suggest that EMF composition is a strong bio-indicator of underlying drivers of tree growth and/or that variation of forest EMF communities causes differences in tree growth. While it may be too early to assign causality or directionality, our study is one of the first to link fine-scale variation within a key component of the forest microbiome to ecosystem functioning at a continental scale.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truls Andersen ◽  
Marcel de Vries ◽  
Jaroslaw Necki ◽  
Justyna Swolkien ◽  
Malika Menoud ◽  
...  

Abstract. Coal mining accounts for ~ 12 % of the total anthropogenic methane emissions worldwide. The Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, where large quantities of CH4 are emitted to the atmosphere via ventilation shafts of underground hard coal (anthracite) mines, is one of the hot spots of methane emissions in Europe. However, coalbed CH4 emissions into the atmosphere are poorly characterized. As part of the Carbon Dioxide and CH4 mission 1.0 (CoMet 1.0) that took place in May – June 2018, we flew a recently developed active AirCore system aboard an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to obtain CH4 and CO2 mole fractions 150–300 m downwind of five individual ventilation shafts in the USCB. In addition, we also measured δ13C-CH4, δ2H-CH4, ambient temperature, pressure, relative humidity, surface wind speeds and directions. We have used 34 UAV flights and two different approaches (inverse Gaussian approach and mass balance approach) to quantify the emissions from individual shafts. The quantified emissions were compared to both annual and hourly inventory data, and were used to derive the estimates of CH4 emissions in the USCB. We found a high correlation (R2 = 0.7 – 0.9) between the quantified and hourly inventory data-based shaft-averaged CH4 emissions, which in principle would allow regional estimates of CH4 emissions to be derived by upscaling individual hourly inventory data of all shafts. Currently, such inventory data is available only for the five shafts we quantified though. As an alternative, we have developed three upscaling approaches, i.e., by scaling the E-PRTR annual inventory, the quantified shaft-averaged emission rate, and the shaft-averaged emission rate that are derived from the hourly emission inventory. These estimates are in the range of 325 – 447 kt CH4/year for the inverse Gaussian approach and 268 – 347 kt CH4/year for the mass balance approach, respectively. This study shows that the UAV-based active AirCore system can be a useful tool to quantify local to regional point source methane emissions.


2022 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 09001
Author(s):  
Eleonora Bargiacchi ◽  
Felipe Campos-Carriedo ◽  
Diego Iribarren ◽  
Javier Dufour

Hydrogen systems are gaining importance in view of a progressive decarbonisation of societies, and becoming more and more cost-competitive alternatives in many sectors (e.g., mobility). However, the sustainability of these technologies must be carefully assessed following a holistic approach which embraces not only environmental but also social aspects. Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) is an insightful methodology to evaluate potential social impacts of products along their life cycle. In the frame of the project eGHOST, social risks of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack were assessed through an S-LCA. The functional unit was defined as one 48 kW stack (balance of plant excluded), targeted for mobility applications. The supply chain was defined assuming Spain as the manufacturing country and involving from the material/energy production plants to the stack manufacturing. Beyond conventional life cycle inventory data, trade information and additional inventory data were retrieved from the UN Comtrade and PSILCA databases, respectively. Besides, working hours for the manufacturing plants of the stack and its subcomponents were calculated based on literature data. Social life cycle inventories were modelled and evaluated using openLCA and the PSILCA method. Two stakeholder categories, workers and society, were considered through the following social indicators: child labour, contribution to economic development, fair salary, forced labour, gender wage gap, and health expenditure. The choice of these indicators is in line with the eGHOST project purpose. Despite the relatively small amount contained in the product, platinum clearly arose as the main social hotspot under each of the selected indicators. At the level of component plants, the manufacturing of bipolar and end plates was also found to be relevant under some indicators. On the other hand, electricity consumption generally accounted for a minor contribution. Overall, in order to avoid burden shifting from environmental to social issues, a careful design of technologies is needed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Zorigt Tumurbaatar ◽  
Hiroyuki Miura ◽  
Tsoggerel Tsamba

During the last two decades, the rapid urbanization movement has increased the concentration of population and buildings in Ulaanbaatar city (UB), Mongolia. There are several active faults around UB. The estimated maximum magnitude of 7 in the Emeelt fault has been expected to significantly impact the UB region because the fault is only 20 km from the city. To consider the disaster mitigation planning for such large earthquakes, assessments of ground shaking intensities and building damage for the scenarios are crucial. In this study, we develop the building inventory data in UB, including structural types, construction year, height, and construction cost in order to assess the buildings’ vulnerability (repair cost) due to a scenario earthquake. The construction costs are estimated based on the procedure of the Mongolian construction code from the coefficients of cost per floor area for each structural type, and coefficients for heating system, floor areas, and buildings’ locations. Finally, the scenario’s economic loss of the damaged buildings is evaluated using the developed building inventory, global vulnerability curves of GAR-13, and estimated spectral accelerations.


2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Bashiri ◽  
Fatemeh Dehghan ◽  
Rostam Jalali

Background: Due to the changing nature of the spread of emerging infectious diseases, such crises could cause significant fear, especially when the disease is associated with high mortality. Fear and anxiety adversely affect health. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the fear and anxiety caused by COVID-19 in the Iranian society and the influential factors in this regard. Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 458 participants who were recruited for an online survey. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire of COVID-19 fear and Beck's anxiety inventory. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 23 using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, including t-test and multiple comparisons. Results: The prevalence of fear and anxiety was less than 20%. The correlations between the anxiety scores and fear of COVID-19 with demographic variables indicated that the COVID-19 fear scores had a weak correlation with an appeal to religion and efforts to prevent COVID-19 (P ≤ 0.05), while no correlation was observed with the other variables. In addition, the anxiety scores had weak, inverse correlations with the effort to prevent COVID-19 and satisfaction with the government’s effort (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, the fear of COVID-19 and the subsequent anxiety is mild in the Iranian society. Low anxiety and fear caused by the disease could lead to negligence and disregarding health standards, which will increase the number of these patients in the community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Ami Rahmawati ◽  
Rizal Amegia Saputra ◽  
Ita Yulianti

Inventory has an important role in business activities. This is because inventory has an effect on changes in the production market and anticipates price changes in the demand for many goods. PT. Barkah Jaya Mandiri is a company engaged in manufacturing where the management of inventory at the company is still done conventionally. This causes various problems such as the occurrence of discrepancies in the stock of goods, discrepancies in data and final reports as well as obstacles in the production process in the event of a shortage or excess of raw materials. (Material Requirement Planning) in order to overcome the problems that occur in the company. The combination of the SDLC model and data collection techniques including observation, interviews and literature study were also carried out in this study in order to achieve the system that will be built to suit the targeted needs. With this system, the management of inventory data at this company can be done easily and accurately and save time compared to the previous system, so that the procurement of manufacturing raw materials is optimal and employee performance is better.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13332
Author(s):  
Xuda Lin ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Sameer Kulkarni ◽  
Fu Zhao

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a widely recognized tool used to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product or process, based on the environmental inventory database and bills of material. Data quality is one of the most significant factors affecting the analysis results. However, currently, most datasets in inventory databases are generic, i.e., they may represent the material and energy flow of a process at a market average, instead of a specific process used by a manufacturer. As a result, stockholders are unable to track their supply chain to find out the actual environmental impact from each supplier and to compare the environmental performance of alternative options. In this paper, we developed a new framework, i.e., blockchain-based LCA (BC-LCA), where blockchain technology is adapted to secure and transmit inventory data from upstream suppliers to downstream manufacturers. With BC-LCA, more specific data can be acquired along the supply chain in a real-time manner. Moreover, the availability, accuracy, privacy, and automatic update of inventory data can be improved. A case study is provided based on an industrial supply chain to demonstrate the utilization of BC-LCA.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document