PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF IN SITU OPHTHALMIC GEL: A CONCISE REVIEW

In situ ophthalmic gel is a type of eye drug preparation that has a higher bioavailability value and has a longer contact time with maximum therapeutic effect and with minimal side effects compared to conventional eye preparations. The preparation of ophthalmic in situ gel is required characterization to make sure that the prepared preparations meet the standards and are safe when used. This journal review aims to look at the methods used in characterizing physical properties in in situ ophthalmic gel formulations with different active substances such as rheology studies, organoleptic tests, pH, clarity, and gelling capacity. In order to get the best formulation of in situ ophthalmic gel preparations so as to provide maximum therapeutic effect.

ANALISIS EFISIENSI ENERGI LISTRIK PADA BOHLAM LAMPU MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM PANEL SURYA

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of the use of solar panels applied to light bulbs. The purpose of this research is also to explain how the solar panels work and to find out the advantages of accuracy in their implementation. The method used is the journal review method regarding solar panels and electrical energy in light bulbs, using journals that have been recognized both nationally and internationally.

The Journal Review Process

This chapter reviews the journal submission and review process, starting with navigating manuscript submission sites and proceeding through editorial review, peer review, editorial decisions, revising and resubmitting manuscripts, developing reviewer response letters, finalizing manuscripts, and correcting publisher proofs. The chapter provides an in-depth tutorial on responding to reviewer requests, prioritizing which requests to respond to first, how to respond to different editorial styles, and how to use the response letter to “push back” against reviewer requests without being combative. The chapter also offers suggestions for handling conflicting reviewer requests, requests for new analyses, and how to revise a paper when new analyses change the message or take away previously significant findings.

PENGARUH AROMATHERAPY TERHADAP MUAL DAN MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL (SYSTEMATIC RIVEW)

Pregnancy is natural process from conceotion to the onset of labor. In pregnancy physiological changes occur in the entire organ system, due to hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy. 50-90% of pregnant women experience nausea in the first trimester. This study uses a systematic review method with the aim to see the effect of aromatherapy on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women.this systematic review reviews 10 journals published through google scoolar’s website.the results of this journal review found 7 aromatherapy that can reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnant women, namely : aromatherapy ginger , lemon ,orange , lavender, steeping peppermint leaves, essential oils of peppermint and ginger oil.

Kajian Pengaruh Pelarut Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Alga Coklat Genus Sargassum dengan Metode Dpph

Brown algae of the genus Sargassum contain phenolic, chlorophyll and carotenoid compounds that function as the most effective antioxidants. The withdrawal of active compounds from natural ingredients is influenced by the nature of the polarity of a solvent. This study aims to examine the effect of solvent variations on antioxidant activity and secondary metabolites in the genus sargassum using the DPPH method. : This research was conducted using a journal review method using secondary data The solvents used were ethanol and methanol (polar), ethyl acetate (semi polar) and n-hexane (non polar). Antioxidant activity Sargassum in ethyl acetate solvent, namely IC50 = 68.89 mg/L, methanol = 69.27 mg/L, ethanol = 239.51 mg/L and n-hexane = 148 ,16 mg/L. The content of secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity is phenolic compounds of 1,348.18 mg GAE/g, chlorophyll of 2.84 mg/g and carotenoids of 2.69 mol/g. The solvent variation has an influence on the antioxidant activity. ABSTRAK Alga coklat genus Sargassum mengandung senyawa fenolik, klorofil dan karotenoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yang paling efektif. Penarikan senyawa aktif dari bahan alam dipengaruhi oleh sifat kepolaran suatu pelarut. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi pelarut terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada genus (Sargassum) dengan metode DPPH. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode review jurnal menggunakan data sekunder. Pelarut yang digunakan yaitu etanol dan metanol (polar), etil asetat (semi polar) dan n-heksan (non polar). Aktivitas antioksidan (Sargassum) pada pelarut etil asetat yaitu IC50 = 68,89 mg/L, methanol = 69,27 mg/L, etanol = 239,51 mg/L dan n-heksan = 148,16 mg/L. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah senyawa fenolik sebesar 1.348,18 ± 2.57 mg GAE/g, klorofil sebesar 2,84 mg/g dan karotenoid sebesar 2,69 µmol/g. Variasi pelarut memberikan pengaruh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan.

Kajian Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus. L)

Ethanol is a fuel with a high octane number and is environmentally friendly. Bioethanol which can be made from biomass materials such as pineapple peel, is considered not to interfere with food security. With a fairly high carbohydrate and glucose content, pineapple can be converted into reducing sugars that can be fermented to produce ethanol. This study was conducted using the journal review method and aims to determine the mechanism, the variables that play the role, and the optimum conditions of fermentation in the manufacture of bioethanol from pineapple peel. The focus of the analysis was on hydrolysis, namely the type, concentration of the hydrolyzing agent, pH, temperature, and concentration of yeast in fermentation. The analysis from previous studies, the best hydrolysis was obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase enzymes with a concentration of 1%-2%. The optimum pH of fermentation was found at pH 5 to pH 6, the fermentation temperature was 30 oC with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration of 1.5% – 2%, and the optimum fermentation time occurred in the range of 48 to 96 hours. The high amount of reducing sugar produces a high amount of ethanol as well.

Response to Flournoy (2021): Reflections on the benefits and challenges of communicating the results of a pre-registered study

In 2020, we posted a preprint online presenting the results of two pre-registered studies, now published in revised form (Ellwood-Lowe et al., 2021; original preprint archived at https://osf.io/ktsdp/). While undergoing the journal review process, circulation of this preprint encouraged open feedback from peers, including a thoughtful comment on our studies and pre-registration best practices by Dr. John Flournoy (Flournoy, 2021). Here we respond to the points raised in Flournoy’s comments, and discuss the benefits and challenges of pre-registering “high-risk” studies, particularly as early career researchers. We begin by reflecting on our scientific process between the first pre-registration and the ultimate dissemination of results—pulling back a curtain to reveal a piece of the research process that is often occluded. Next, we address Flournoy’s comments directly and explain how they were helpful in shaping the final version of our paper. Finally, we make suggestions for pre-registered studies in the future.

FORMAT CRITICAL JOURNAL REVIEW

Tuliasan ini memuat tentang format laporan untuk Critical Journal Review, yaitu sebuah tugas yang diberikan dosen kepada mahasiswa/mahasiswi untuk mengulas dan mengevaluasi isi jurnal secara kritis.