Sensitivity analysis of environmental impact of milk powder spray drying system based on intelligent algorithm

The increasing market demand for milk powder has not only promoted the production capacity of milk powder, but also increased the impact on the environment. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationship between the environmental impact of milk powder spray drying (MPSD) system and system-related parameters and identify the key parameters to improve the efficiency of the sustainable improvement of the system. Treed Gaussian Process (TGP) and Standardized Regression Coefficients (SRC)methods are used to analyze the sensitivity of the system to environmental impacts. The results show that the inlet air temperature of the drying tower has the greatest impact on the environment of the system, accounting for about 82%, followed by the atomization pressure and the feed pump speed, accounting for about 9% and 8% respectively. Moreover, not only the environmental performance of the system should be improved, but also the quality of milk powder should be guaranteed when optimizing the parameters such as the inlet air temperature of drying tower. This study can help the manufacturers of milk powder and related equipment to determine the priority of improving the system from the perspective of environmental protection.

Combination Therapy with Rituximab, Tofacitinib and Pirfenidone in a Patient with Rapid Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease (RP-ILD) Due to MDA5 Antibody-Associated Dermatomyositis: A Case Report

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5)-positive rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) is associated with poor prognosis, and the most effective therapeutic intervention has not been established. Herein we report a case of a 45-year-old female patient who presented with myalgia, Gottron’s papules with ulceration, and dyspnea on exertion which became aggravated within weeks. Laboratory examination and electromyography confirmed myopathy changes, and a survey of myositis-specific antibodies was strongly positive for anti-MDA5 antibody. High-resolution chest tomography suggested organizing pneumonia with rapidly progressive changes within the first month after diagnosis of the disease. Anti-MDA5-associated dermatomyositis with RP-ILD was diagnosed. Following combination therapy with rituximab, tofacitinib and pirfenidone, clinical symptoms, including cutaneous manifestation, respiratory conditions and radiographic changes, showed significant and sustainable improvement. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of anti-MDA5-associated dermatomyositis with RP-ILD successfully treated with the combination of rituximab, tofacitinib, and pirfenidone.

Determination of the Influence of Cultural Techniques "Densities and Opening Standardʺ on Agrophysiological Parameters of Clones Pb 260, Irca 111 and Rrim 703

To find out the effect of cultural techniques on agrophysiological parameters, four combinations ̏planting densities (low density or DF at 350 t/ha, normal density or DN at 510 t/ha) and opening standards (opening at 65cm and opening at 50 cm) ̋ were tested on Hevea brasiliensis clones PB 260, IRCA 111 and RRIM 703. This study was conducted for nine years with a split-plot experimental design of two treatments and two subtreatments repeated three times. The different combinations of treatments and subtreatments tested were low density (DN-50 cm), low density (DN-65 cm), normal density (DF-50 cm), normal density (DF- 65 cm). The parameters evaluated were the production at bleeding and per hectare, the average annual increase in circumference, the rate of tree losses and the rate of trees with dry notches. Production per tree was significantly higher at 350 t/ha and 65 cm opening (DF-65 cm), while per hectare production was higher at 510 t/ha. The girths of the different clones are stronger at DF and at the 65 cm opening. The rate of tree loss and the rate of trees with dry notch were low at the 510 t/ha density and the 65cm opening. The appropriate density and opening standard was "normal density 510 t/ha and opening to circumference 50 cm". The cultivation techniques especially the density and opening standard judiciously applied can participate in the sustainable improvement of rubber productivity of rubber plantations.

A child-friendly design for sustainable urban environment: a case study of Malang city parks

A child-friendly city environment contains elements of security, health and comfort, especially in the midst of the current pandemic. This paper aims to study the child-friendly designs in urban public spaces, especially city parks. The study objective was to find the level of performance and importance of child-friendly design in the case study of Indonesian city parks. The research stages include aspects of perceptions and expectations by users as well as development proposals based on expert opinions. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) technique is used to determine the level of suitability, performance and importance of child-friendly design elements in the case study of city parks. The case study used is Trunojoyo Smart Park, Malang City. Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is used for the proposed development of sustainable improvement of child-friendly spaces. The level of suitability of garden elements has the highest value above the average of 116.73%. While the pedestrian path element has the highest performance value and importance with scores of 169 and 156 respectively. The child-friendly design element that has the lowest performance is the sand game vehicle (132). Two child-friendly design elements that become development priorities for both users and experts are safe spaces and play equipment which have a suitability rate of 113.92% and 108.90%, respectively, and the experts’ priority values are 0.117 and 0.083, respectively.

Etude de la Performance Economique de la Replantation Annuelle De Bananiers Plantain, Une Strategie De Gestion des Nematodes au Sud de la Cote D’ivoire

Les présents travaux ont été menés dans le cadre de l’accroissement durable de la production de bananier plantain et de la stratégie de sécurité alimentaire en Côte d’ivoire. Dans cette perspective, la gestion culturale des nématodes phytoparasites par la replantation annuelle de la culture de bananiers plantains a été évaluée. En condition de culture de contre saison, la variété CORNE 1 a été plantée à haute densité (2500 plants/ha) dans un dispositif impliquant quatre traitements : culture continue sans nématicide, culture continue avec nématicide, culture replantée avec nématicide et culture replantée sans nématicide. La replantation a eu lieu à 0,8 m du pied fructifère de la saison de culture qui a été déraciné avec les rejets successeurs. L’essai a duré trois cycles de culture. La culture replantée a permis d’obtenir des rendements élevés, 35,08 t/ha et 34,26 t/ha respectivement au 2ème et 3ème cycle de culture. Les rendements en culture replantés sont statistiquement comparables à celui obtenu à la première année de culture (35 t/ha). Par contre, en culture continue, des baisses de rendements de 41,4 % et 63,5 % ont été enregistrées respectivement au 2ème et 3ème cycle de culture. Par rapport à la culture continue, la replantation annuelle a généré une marge bénéficiaire brute de plus de 64 % et 207 % respectivement au 2ème et 3ème saison de culture. En définitive, la culture replantée semble économiquement plus rentable que la culture pluriannuelle de bananier plantain. The work herein reported has been conducted in the framework of the sustainable improvement of production of plantain and the food security strategy of the Côte d’Ivoire. In this perspective, the annual replanting of plantain orchards has been assessed as a tool for cultural management of plant-parasitic nematodes. The cultivar Horne 1 has been planted at high density (2500 plants/ha) in the framework of an off-season production system. Four treatments were applied: three continuous cycles with no nematicide application; three continuous cycles with applications of nematicide; annual replanting with nematicide applied and annual replanting with no nematicide application. Replanting was done at 0.8m from the bunch bearing-tree of the previous crop that was totally uprooted after harvest. In general, the populations of R. similis and P. coffeae were concentrated (80 %) within a radius of 50 cm around the bunch bearing-plantain. The lowest nematode infestations were recorded under annual planting replanting with or without nematicide treatments. In addition, yields remained high (P<0.05) during the second (35 t/ha) and third crops (30 t/ha) and were not statistically different from that of the first crop (35 t/ha). On the contrary, under successive crop cycles, yields declined by 41.4 and 63.5 % respectively during the second and third crop cycles. Compared to the classic plantain cultivation method, annual replanting has generated a gross margin of 64 % and 207 % during the second and third seasons. Finally, the replanted crop appears to be economically more profitable than the multi-year plantain crop.