Intraocular Robotic Surgical Systems

Purpose of Review In this review, we provide a brief history of intraocular robotic surgical systems and review the latest technological advancements. The goals are to (a) provide readers with a clear understanding of the important work that has been done in this field; (b) illuminate existing challenges towards full clinical adoption; and (c) speculate on future directions. Recent Findings The majority of work on intraocular robotic surgical systems has been done in university research settings, although two systems have been evaluated in human clinical trials and one system is commercially available for use in human patients. Summary The future of robotic systems in intraocular surgical procedures will depend on the results of ongoing clinical trials and the success of recent start-up companies. Many challenges remain before such systems can become safe and effective treatment options. However, the future of intraocular robotic surgical systems is bright and full of promise.

A Systematic Review of Wearable Sensors for Monitoring Physical Activity

This article reviews the use of wearable sensors for the monitoring of physical activity (PA) for different purposes, including assessment of gait and balance, prevention and/or detection of falls, recognition of various PAs, conduction and assessment of rehabilitation exercises and monitoring of neurological disease progression. The article provides in-depth information on the retrieved articles and discusses study shortcomings related to demographic factors, i.e., age, gender, healthy participants vs patients, and study conditions. It is well known that motion patterns change with age and the onset of illnesses, and that the risk of falling increases with age. Yet, studies including older persons are rare. Gender distribution was not even provided in several studies, and others included only, or a majority of, men. Another shortcoming is that none of the studies were conducted in real-life conditions. Hence, there is still important work to be done in order to increase the usefulness of wearable sensors in these areas. The article highlights flaws in how studies based on previously collected datasets report on study samples and the data collected, which makes the validity and generalizability of those studies low. Exceptions exist, such as the promising recently reported open dataset FallAllD, wherein a longitudinal study with older adults is ongoing.

Reflections on race, ethnicity, and NIH research awards

It has been a decade since “Race, Ethnicity, and NIH Research Awards” was published. Receiving the American Society for Cell Biology Public Service Award allows me to reflect on this research and its impact. In this essay, I share the story of how my research interests and professional networks provided the opportunity to do this important work. I also make the case for improved data and mentoring to address race and ethnic disparities in NIH funding.

Extracting Entity Synonymous Relations via Context-Aware Permutation Invariance

Discovering entity synonymous relations is an important work for many entity-based applications. Existing entity synonymous relation extraction approaches are mainly based on lexical patterns or distributional corpus-level statistics, ignoring the context semantics between entities. For example, the contexts around ''apple'' determine whether ''apple'' is a kind of fruit or Apple Inc. In this paper, an entity synonymous relation extraction approach is proposed using context-aware permutation invariance. Specifically, a triplet network is used to obtain the permutation invariance between the entities to learn whether two given entities possess synonymous relation. To track more synonymous features, the relational context semantics and entity representations are integrated into the triplet network, which can improve the performance of extracting entity synonymous relations. The proposed approach is implemented on three real-world datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the approach performs better than the other compared approaches on entity synonymous relation extraction task.

Family Firms and the Effects of Organizational Culture on Their Innovation

Owing to the fact that sustainability and the financial performance of businesses are important work outcomes in family firms, in this chapter for both reaching work and family related goals and ensuring sustainibility, it is proposed that family firms as in the case with their non-family counterparts will prefer to exploit innovativeness in attaining their financial goals. The main objective of this chapter is understanding innovative inclinations and preferences of family firms and examining the relationship between innovativeness and organizational cultures of these companies. And it is suggested that organizational culture will act as a catalyzer in this relationship. In the chapter, innovativeness in family firms has been examined in detail. Main types of organizational cultures regarding innovation in family firms have been explained in detail, and an approach that suggests that organizational climate is closely related with the innovativeness of family firms has been adopted.

Analysis of Agricultural and Rural Work in Changyi City.

Agriculture is the basic industry of economic and social development, and agricultural and rural work is an important work related to the safety of food rations, increasing farmers' income, improving living environment, inheriting Chinese culture and promoting social harmony and stability. Focusing on the agricultural and rural work in Changyi City, this paper systematically introduces the experience of agricultural and rural work in Changyi from four aspects: industrial "quality improvement", environmental "optimization", cultural "inheritance" and governance "standardization". And the future development of agricultural and rural work is prospected.

Geographically Explicit Network Analysis of Urban Living and Working Interaction Pattern in Shenzhen City, South China

Human daily mobility plays an important role in urban research. Commuting of urban residents is an important part of urban daily mobility, especially in working days. However, the characteristic of the mobility network formed by the commuting of urban residents and its impact on the internal structure of the city are still an important work that needs to be explored further. Aiming to study the living–working interaction pattern of meta-populations over urban divisions within cities, a fine-grained dataset of living–working tracking of Shenzhen is curated and used to construct an urban living–working mobility network, and the living–working interaction pattern is analyzed through the community structures of the network. The results show that human daily mobility plays an important role in understanding the formation of urban structure, the administrative divisions of the city affect human daily mobility, and human daily mobility reacts on the formation of urban structure.

The Long TBLT Journey

In this piece, I trace Task-Based Language Teaching from Mike Long’s original conceptualization in 1985, through his development of methodological principles that are based on SLA theory and empirical evidence he gathered for three and half decades, to two recent (2010, 2015) practical examples of TBLT. Since there is still some important work to be done on remaining tricky issues, I highlight a few of these (unresolved in instructed SLA), such as sequencing according to complexity and the resilience of implicit processing mechanisms in adult language learning. In resolving these and other issues that will no doubt arise, I urge us all to follow Mike’s scrupulous lead in holding ourselves accountable to the empirical evidence.

The systemic crisis of climate change: clinical and political reflections (2013) and The EcoSystemic Return: clinical and political implications (2021)

In this special issue on the EcoSystemic Return, we have the honour of our Revival Paper being the 2013 paper by esteemed systemic ecology activist from Ireland, Philip Kearney. This paper is a reminder that the systemic community did not heed warnings about ecology issued by Gregory Bateson in the 1960s and 70s. In 2013, Phil Kearney reminded us again. The original paper is followed by a fresh piece of writing for this special issue. Philip Kearney reignites his passion and anger, his critical analysis and call to action for this protracted phase of climate change complacency. Sincere thanks and appreciation to Jim Sheehan and colleagues of Feedback: Journal of the Family Therapy Association of Ireland for permission to re-print the 2103 article which had the vision to provide a platform for this important work.

Transgressing to teach: Theorising race and security through struggle

Recent interventions in critical security studies have argued that the field has struggled to account for the racialised/racist foundations of security politics. This article engages with the US Black Panther Party (BPP), arguing that the Party did important work to show how security politics is dependent on racial violence. The idea that we can theorise global politics through struggle (`struggle as method’) is becoming popular within disciplinary International Relations (IR), but has longer lineages in Black radical thought. The BPP were important advocates of struggle as method, with tactics and strategies intentionally designed with a pedagogical purpose; through Panther actions (including community self-defence and survival programmes), and the state’s response to these, the mechanisms of capitalist white supremacy were laid bare. The article therefore acknowledges BPP action as a series of theoretical interventions, which demonstrated how the terms of US/white security are rooted in and dependent on anti-Blackness. It also shows how Panther tactics prefigured alternative, radical, anti-statist approaches to security, these conceptualised as `survival pending revolution’. The article closes by arguing that scholarship on critical security studies - especially as related to the racialised politics of security - should do more to work with and acknowledge its indebtedness to struggle as method.