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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Mutonyi Wandeka ◽  
Nicholas Kiggundu ◽  
Raymonds Mutumba

Plastic packaging is crucial in preserving the quality of products. It has become ubiquitous, and an inseparable part of daily life and the food industry due to its aesthetic attributes, strength, affordability and convenience of use. This has thus led to the increase in demand and imports of plastics in the country. However, plastic packaging alone accounts for 47% of global plastic waste amidst documented threats of plastic waste to the environment-water-food-health nexus. Several reports indicate that between 1994 and 2017, Uganda imported a total of 1.9 million tons of plastic in both raw and finished form compared to 117 million tons across Africa. Imports and use of plastics in Uganda have increased by six-fold within the last three years hence extrapolating the growing challenge for sustainable plastic imports, product packaging, and waste management. The objective of the review therefore was to explore the future trend and impact of plastic imports and packaging in Uganda by analyzing plastic imports and the associated waste. The study further reviews the challenges arising from the growing demand for plastic packaging and presents a discussion on the solutions and potential ways forward for win-win benefits. Several strides to curb the menace of plastic waste are presented, which are manly from the private sector and plastic recycling businesses. A conclusion is made that if these efforts are to meet the intended leaps of change, the government of Uganda has to support the private organisations through grants, space allocation for collection centers and media access across the country. Furthermore, stricter regulations on excess plastic importation have to be implemented by the government as the country develops locally grown solutions to plastic packaging and use.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ayomadewa Mercy Olatunya

Background: Bioactive compounds are naturally occurring compounds in plants and animal products. They are known to have a variety of physiological functions in the body system such as: promoting general body development and prevention of the occurrence of some deadly diseases. The high burden of treatment of some deadly diseases like cancer, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases has raised the need for scientists to generate empirical evidence on preventing these diseases using a dietary approach. Nuts have been identified as plants with potential to improve human health and prevent diseases when consumed adequately because of their rich constituents. This research work was conducted to evaluate and elucidate the bioactive components of locally grown nuts and their potential health benefits. Methods: The Phenolic compounds, phytosterols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols contents of the nuts were analyzed using standard methods.  Results: Fourteen phenolic compounds were detected in the two nuts with cinnamic and gallic acids detected in appreciable amounts in groundnuts and caffeic acid in cashew nut. The total amount of tocopherols in cashew nut was 14.08 mg/100g and 37.95 mg/100g in groundnut and the total tocotrienol was 0.85 and 4.00 × 10-3 mg/100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively. Both samples have high quantity of sistosterol (251.36mg/100g and 238.95 mg/ 100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively) with cashew nut having significantly higher amount. Conclusion: The results showed that the nuts are rich in bioactive compounds and could be considered as natural sources of bioactive compounds that can be obtained from diets rich in these nuts to prevent the occurrence of certain deadly human diseases that are of high burden worldwide.      Keywords: Phenolic Compounds, Tocopherols, Groundnuts, Cashew nuts


Author(s):  
Atnan Uğur ◽  
Hilal Yıldız ◽  
Olcay Kavgacı

Consumption of vegetables, having a significant place in nutrition of humankind, is increasing day by day as their health-improving effects have been better understood nowadays. For such vegetables, certain criteria such as organic production, season production, regional production etc. are taken into consideration. The objective of this study is to research about existence of Bacillus cereus and Salmonella spp. in the locally-grown vegetables offered in local bazaars. Parsley, lettuce, spinach, turnip, carrot, chard, Brussels sprouts and radish produced in the province of Giresun were used in the study. Bacillus cereus and Salmonella spp. analyses were carried out in line with International Organization for Standardization quality standards. Among 89 vegetable samples analyses, Salmonella spp. and B. cereus were not detected in all and 5 of the samples respectively (


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
K. Aubakirova ◽  
M. Kulataeva ◽  
М. Satkanov ◽  
Z. Alikulov

Aquaponics is a new agricultural industry with potential in Kazakhstan. It is the combined culture of fish and plants in a recycling aquaculture system. The plants use the nutrients from fish effluent for growth. Through environmentally sustainable technology, locally grown high value products can be produced and marketed year round. Aquaponics operations are inherently diversified operations as they offer two profit centres: fish and plants. Аquaponics facilities contain contains plant and fish components together in one recirculation system. The fish water, rich in nutrients, is used for plant growth, while the plants are used as biofilters for water regeneration.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7164
Author(s):  
Josef Navrátil ◽  
Stanislav Martinát ◽  
Tomáš Krejčí ◽  
Petr Klusáček ◽  
Richard J. Hewitt

We aim to contribute to in-depth comprehension of the factors and preferences behind the reuses of large-scale underused or abandoned former collective farms from the 1950s–1980s for biogas plants and solar photovoltaic power plants. As a case study, three regions in the southern part of the Czech Republic have been selected. Our findings signal that the residents’ attitudes towards the mentioned energy sources are rather negative. Similarly, farmers’ interest in photovoltaic power plants is low. More interest has been detected in the case of biogas production; this is especially true for large agricultural companies and farmers, who own underused or abandoned premises. Biogas plants are frequently located in agricultural areas with warmer or just slightly colder climates as a consequence of the potential to process locally grown maize. On the other hand, photovoltaic power plants are found on more fertile plains with high levels of insolation, but, surprisingly, also in mountain regions which typically have low emissions. Both renewable energy solutions were found to be problematic as there is strong opposition to both types of installations among local inhabitants. This indicates the need for “soft” forms of planning. Stakeholder engagement and inclusive participation in all phases of the planning process are essential requirements for arriving at the best possible outcomes for the new renewable energy solutions and their acceptance by the public.


2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
E S Murtini ◽  
S Fathoni ◽  
I S Wardhana

Abstract Commercial extruded snacks available in the Indonesian market are generally cereal-based, such as from corn and rice, and there is not any that is from brown sorghum. This research aims to study changes in physical and chemical characteristics of brown sorghum grains after extrusion and compare the extrudate characteristics of products from brown sorghum grains, corn, and rice. Brown sorghum grains are de-husked, ground into grits, and extruded using a single screw extruder at 120°C. The resulting extrudates are then analyzed and compared to rice and corn extrudates. There is a change in chemical content after the sorghum grains are extruded. The content of moisture, fat, starch, and protein decreased, while the content of reducing sugar, ash, and fiber increased. The content of anti-nutritional compounds such as tannins, phytates, kafirin, and disulfide bonds decreased; so that the digestibility value increased from 48.44% (grains) to 75.67% (extrudates). Compared with extrudates from rice and corn, sorghum seed extrudate has the smallest expansion ratio, higher density, darker color, but still has a similar quality in texture.


2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (Autumn 2021) ◽  
Author(s):  
James DelPrince ◽  
Wayne Porter ◽  
Liz Sadler ◽  
Ross Overstreet

Our statewide floral design training program aimed to raise consumer awareness and appreciation of locally grown fresh flowers and to promote extension floral programs through delivery of workshops and demonstrations. Initially, trainees used artificial rather than fresh flowers, necessitating development of a streamlined floral design project plan. Through collaboration with three flower farmers, we developed a floral design prototype. Our growers produced the flowers based on this model and extension provided registration support and media that facilitated locally grown flowers use in workshops. As a result, we connected 47 consumers directly to our producers. Flower growers felt the project was worthwhile and desire future extension partnerships.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bati Leta ◽  
Chala Kenenisa ◽  
Tesaka Wondimnew ◽  
Tariku Sime

Introduction. Nephrotoxicity is the most common and severe side effect of cisplatin. Cisplatin causes nephrotoxicity through free radical production and debilitating cellular antioxidant capacity. Coffee is a commonly consumed drink and its ingredients have antioxidant roles that could bring benefits to patients affected by nephrotoxicity. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of our locally grown green coffee beans against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Methods. The posttest only control group design was employed on a total of thirty male Swiss albino mice. The mice were divided into five groups: group I (normal control group) received distilled water; group II (negative control group) received distilled water; and groups III–V (treatment groups) received 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW/day of green coffee bean extract for 14 days, respectively. Nephrotoxicity was induced in groups II–V by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg). All mice were sacrificed after 14 days and blood was drawn to evaluate kidney function tests (serum creatinine and serum blood urea nitrogen). Besides, body weight, relative kidney weight, and kidney histopathology were investigated. Result. Our results showed that treatment of cisplatin alone (group II mice) significantly increased serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney with a decrease in final body weight. However, low-dose green coffee beans (group III), medium-dose green coffee beans (group IV), and high-dose green coffee beans (group V) mice showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, and relative kidney weight. Furthermore, the dose-dependent treatment with green coffee bean extract prevented the decrease in body weight gain and pathological damage to the kidney in mice. Conclusion. Our locally grown green coffee beans brought a dose-dependent ameliorative effect and a promising preventive approach against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice.


Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Mamoru Watanabe ◽  
Yutaka Sumita ◽  
Issaku Azechi ◽  
Kengo Ito ◽  
Keigo Noda

In Kenya, there is an urgent need to strengthen domestic rice production to improve food security. To achieve this, it is necessary to develop a value chain of competitive rice varieties that creates new value over and above that of conventional varieties. In this study, we focused on locally grown japonica rice produced in the Mwea area, which has recently begun to be distributed in Nairobi. Through interviews with Japanese restaurants, Japanese food stores, and consumers as well as interviews with stakeholders in the value chain the market price, consumer acceptability, and profitability of locally grown japonica rice were determined. We evaluated the value chain of locally grown japonica rice based on the interaction between the potential demand and a value chain analysis and examined improvement measures to establish the value chain. The results showed that 76% of consumers who eat staple foods other than rice rated locally grown japonica rice as “very good” or “good”, indicating that it may be acceptable to those who do not usually eat rice. The net profits for locally grown japonica rice were higher than those of conventional rice at the production, processing, and distribution stages, which is an advantage for producers and demonstrates that the elimination of middlemen is effective and highly profitable for each stakeholder. In contrast, the consumer price of locally grown japonica rice was higher than that of conventional rice, indicating that some challenges remain to be overcome. Our estimation approach will allow further study of target values such as selling price in other desired value chains. Together, our findings suggest the potential of the locally grown japonica rice value chain to contribute to the strengthening of domestic rice production.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoonah Kim Conoly ◽  
Mike von Massow ◽  
Yee Ming Lee

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how domestic and international undergraduate students from a university in Ontario, Canada, defined locally grown food and examined the factors behind their locally grown food purchase intentions.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were distributed in the School of Hospitality, Food, and Tourism Management undergraduate classes. A total of 196 complete surveys were returned. Using multiple regression analysis and theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a theoretical framework with an additional construct, moral norm, proposed hypotheses were tested.FindingsDomestic students narrowly defined locally grown food based on distance (e.g. food grown/raised within 100 km of where a person lives) compared to international students (e.g. food grown in Canada). The multiple regression analysis revealed that 36% of variance in purchase intention is explained by the four independent variables (i.e. student status, attitude, perceived product availability and moral norm), with perceived product availability as the strongest predictor of intention to purchase locally grown food.Research limitations/implicationsThe convenience sampling method limitations are as follows. First, the sample size was small for international students. Second, there was a possibility of underrepresentation of certain origins of international student populations. Third, the undergraduate respondents were from the School of Hospitality, Food and Tourism. Finally, another limitation is that the four variables in this study (i.e. attitudes, subjective norms, perceived product availability, and moral norm) only explained 36% of the variance of this model.Practical implicationsPerceived product availability, moral norm and attitude constructs positively influenced the locally grown food purchase intention. A perceived product availability construct revealed the strongest influence in locally grown food purchase intention of students. Particularly, five key questions were created based on the major research findings of this study, which can be used as a guideline for locally grown food providers and farmers when promoting locally grown food to students. These questions include: Where can I find it? When can I find it? Who grows it? How can I benefit others? Why is it good for me?Social implicationsThe results of this study shown that which factors influence locally grown food purchase intention of students. Hence, local restaurateurs and university dining facilities may incorporate these factors in their marketing message to serve students population better who might be interested in buying food products using locally grown ingredients. Research results also allow local farmers to communicate and inform their current and potential student consumers about the advantages of locally grown food. Overall, findings can contribute to economy and business of local community.Originality/valueCurrent research findings verified that there is a significant use of a moral norm construct to predict locally grown food purchase intention of students. The moral norm construct positively influenced the locally grown food purchase intention in this study, and this construct seemed useful to predict locally grown food purchase intention of students. Additionally, the research discovered that there were differences in domestic and international undergraduate students' perception in the locally grown food definition.


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