Mengurangi Resiko Banjir Pada Sungai Bruno Kediri dengan Konstruksi Bendung

Flooding is a problem that needs to be considered because it affects all sectors. The Bruno River in Kediri Regency often experiences flooding in the rainy season, although the overflow does not reach the settlements. But already, some levees in the Bruno river broke because they could not accommodate the discharge from the Bruno river. Such characteristics have the potential to be the cause of flooding. The core of the problem arranges various flood control efforts. The development of complementary infrastructure such as Water Resources becomes the right choice to overcome the flood event. This research aims to plan Water Resources to control the flood on the Bruno river, Kediri Regency. The analysis includes hydrological analysis and hydraulic analysis. The hydrological analysis includes rainfall calculations, match tests, and flood plans, while hydraulic analysis includes the calculation of bend dimensions. Rainfall data were obtained from kanyoran rain station for the past 10 years. From the rainfall data is done calculations and compared with estimates when re-from related agencies. So, the difference in discharge is known that is used as the basis of the analysis of Water Resources planning. The results of the study obtained flood discharge of 69,20762609 m3/s. ≈ 70 m3/s with a high bend planning bend 4.3m wide 30 m. The elevation of the water level downstream of the bend is +51.56 m so that the planning results can be used as a step to reduce flooding in the Bruno river.

Quantitative Modeling of Human Responses to Changes in Water Resources Availability: A Review of Methods and Theories

In rural areas in developing countries where livelihoods directly depend on agriculture, shortage of water can have severe socio-economic and humanitarian consequences and has been suggested to result in conflict and migration. Understanding such responses is important for the development of effective water management policies and other interventions. However, despite the availability of extensive knowledge on water-related human behavior, water resources planning studies do not always look beyond direct impacts. Therefore, this paper assesses literature on water-related human responses, the quantification and conceptualization methods and theories used, the scale at which models are applied, and the extent to which findings are used to make policy recommendations. We found system dynamics approaches mostly applied for policy evaluations, but often with a limited integration of human behavior beyond water use; agent-based models seem to be suited for policy analysis, but only limitedly applied for that purpose; and statistical studies to present the widest range of human responses and explanatory factors, but without making the behavioral mechanisms explicit. In fact, only a limited number of studies was based on behavioral theories. Based on these findings we recommend eight steps to facilitate quantification of human responses for water resources planning purposes.

Advances in Hydrological Forecasting

Hydrological forecasting is of primary importance to better inform decision-making on flood management, drought mitigation, water system operations, water resources planning, and hydropower generation, among others [...]

Many-objective risk assessment framework for guiding operational decisions on multiple reservoirs

<p>Effective optimisation methods have emerged over the last few decades to deal with the management of multiple reservoirs serving multiple and often conflicting objectives. Despite the abundant literature on the subject, the practical use of these techniques in the field remains very limited because they are perceived as “black boxes” whose behaviour is difficult to understand for users and decision-makers (Pianosi et al. 2020).</p><p>Optimisation using one or more aggregated objectives can create stakeholder reluctance when they do not recognize their values and objectives in the optimization formulation, while also raising ethical concerns related to the inclusion of undesirable and/or hidden trade-offs. In contrast, an approach considering many non-aggregated objectives has the potential to bring out alternative courses of action that better reflect the diverging perspectives of stakeholders, and align better with ethical concerns (Kasprzyk et al. 2016).</p><p>To deal with this problem, we here follow the Wierzbicki's (1979) "reference objective" concept considering each single objective as a utopia point optimised separately by deterministic dynamic programming. The optimisation, taking into account given hydroclimatic conditions and a chosen set of constraints, provides yearly probabilistic upper or lower rule curves reflecting the risk of failing to achieve each of the objectives in the future (Bader 1992). In order to use these data, we have developed a graphical user interface based on an R Shiny application showing the risk probability of future failure of each objective depending on the calendar day and the current or forecasted storage state of each reservoir.</p><p>This framework is applied on the Seine catchment area in Paris, France, which includes a system of 4 large reservoirs to protect against floods and water shortages for multiple flow thresholds and multiple locations downstream from the reservoirs. Historical datasets as well as climate change projections are used to take into account the non-stationarity nature of hydroclimatic conditions. Among other applications, this example shows the utility of such a tool in order to justify the stakeholders decisions to discard minor objectives when they undermine the chances of success of major objectives in critical situations.</p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>----------</p><p>Bader, J.-C., 1992. Consignes de gestion du barrage à vocation multiple de Manantali: détermination des cotes limites à respecter dans la retenue [Multiple use management of Manantali Dam: determination of limiting storage levels]. Hydrologie Continentale 7, 3–12.</p><p>Kasprzyk, J.R., Reed, P.M., Hadka, D.M., 2016. Battling Arrow’s Paradox to Discover Robust Water Management Alternatives. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 142, 04015053. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000572</p><p>Pianosi, F., Dobson, B., Wagener, T., 2020. Use of Reservoir Operation Optimization Methods in Practice: Insights from a Survey of Water Resource Managers. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 146, 02520005. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001301</p><p>Wierzbicki, A.P., 1979. The Use of Reference Objectives in Multiobjective Optimization - Theoretical Implications and Practical Experience (No. WP-79-66). International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria.</p>