semen extender
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2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-854
Author(s):  
Lucas Emanuel Ferreira Canuto ◽  
◽  
Lorenzo Garrido Teixeira Martini Segabinazzi ◽  
Endrigo Adonis Braga de Araújo ◽  
Luis Fernando Mercês Chaves Silva ◽  
...  

Cooling and freezing processes cause physical and chemical damage to sperm by cold shock and oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two antioxidants on sperm parameters of cooled and frozen-thawed ram semen diluted in an egg yolk-based extender. Semen was collected from 30 rams and processed in two consecutive experiments to test the inclusion of different concentrations of quercetin and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in an egg yolk-based semen extender. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was added as a solvent to the semen extender in a ratio of 1 mL DMSO for 90 mg of quercetin and 1 mL DMSO for 880 mg of BHT. After collection, semen was diluted at 200 × 106 motile sperm/mL (control) and split into different groups in each experiment. In experiment 1, semen was diluted with the extender containing quercetin (Q5, 5 μg/mL; Q10, 10 μg/mL; Q15, 15 μg/mL) or DMSO alone (DMSO1, 0.055 μL DMSO per mL; DMSO2, 0.165 μL DMSO per mL). In experiment 2, semen was diluted with the extender with BHT (BHT1, 0.5 μg/mL; BHT2, 1 μg/mL; BHT3, 1.5 μg/mL) or DMSO alone (DMSO3, 0.375 μL DMSO per mL; DMSO4, 1.125 μL DMSO per mL). After dilution, the semen was divided into two aliquots. Treated ram sperm samples were also subjected to different storage methods. The first set of samples was cooled at 5 °C for 24 h, whereas the second set of samples was frozen-thawed. Sperm motility parameters and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) were evaluated immediately after dilution (0h) and 24 h after cooling and in the frozen-thawed samples via computer-assisted sperm analysis and epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. The inclusion of quercetin or BHT did not affect sperm motility parameters or PMI of fresh, cooled, or frozen-thawed sperm in this study (P < 0.05). However, further studies are needed to test the effects of these antioxidants on the fertility of cryopreserved ram semen.


Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Yanhu Wang ◽  
Liuming Zhang ◽  
Tariq Sohail ◽  
Yan Kang ◽  
Xiaomei Sun ◽  
...  

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the addition of chlorogenic acid (CGA) to a sheep semen extender could improve the quality of chilled sheep sperm. Ejaculates (n = 80) were collected from five Hu rams with an artificial vagina. The ejaculates were mixed and divided into five equal parts, diluted with a CGA-free Tris–egg yolk extender (control), or supplemented with 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mg/mL. The sperm kinematic parameters (viability, progressive motility), functional integrity of plasma membrane and acrosome, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration and antioxidant parameters (Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), ROS level and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content) were evaluated during storage of the semen. The results indicated that: PM, plasmatic membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity in 0.8 mg/mL CGA were higher (p < 0.05) from day 1 to 5. The ROS level in CGA groups was lower than the control (p < 0.05). CAT, SOD, ATP, and T-AOC were highest at 0.8 mg/mL concentration within 1 to 5 days. The above results indicated that the right concentration of CGA improved the quality of Hu ram sperm during chilling storage.


Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Cecilia Kellerman ◽  
Pongpreecha Malaluang ◽  
Ingrid Hansson ◽  
Lena Eliasson Selling ◽  
Jane M. Morrell

Extenders for boar semen contain antibiotics, which may induce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in inseminated females. The objective was to investigate AMR of bacteria isolated from the cervix of sows and gilts in standing heat, representing females previously exposed to antibiotics in the semen extender and non-exposed females, respectively. Cervical swabs were taken from 30 multiparous sows and 30 gilts prior to their first insemination. After culturing on agar plates, bacterial isolates were identified by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined. Differences in antibiotic resistance between sows and gilts were analyzed by Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test. Bacteria isolated were mostly Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. Higher MICs were observed for isolates from sows than from gilts. Most (>80%) Corynebacterium spp. were resistant to clindamycin; small numbers (<20%) were resistant to gentamicin, penicillin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and rifampicin, with no differences between gilts and sows. Corynebacterium from gilts were more often resistant to tetracycline than those from sows (25% vs. 4.17%; p = 0.04). In conclusion, bacteria from the porcine cervix showed low resistance to most antibiotics except for clindamycin, but antibacterial resistance may increase with increasing parity.


Author(s):  
Maryam Moradi ◽  
Hadi Hajarian ◽  
Hamed Karamishabankareh ◽  
Leila Soltani ◽  
Bijan Soleymani

2021 ◽  
pp. 101637
Author(s):  
Abouzar Najafi ◽  
Hossein Daghigh-Kia ◽  
Mahdieh Mehdipour ◽  
Hossein Mohammadi ◽  
Hamed Hamishehkar

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo-Jin Park ◽  
Dong-Ha Shin ◽  
Won-Ki Pang ◽  
Do-Yeal Ryu ◽  
Md Saidur Rahman ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Sex preselection is a desired goal of the animal industry to improve production efficiency, depending on industry demand. In the porcine industry, there is a general preference for pork from female and surgically castrated male pigs. Therefore, the birth of more females than males in a litter leads to economic benefits and improved animal welfare in the pig production industry. Our previous study suggested that the porcine semen extender (BTS) adjusted to pH 6.2 maximises the differences in viability between X-chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and Y-chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without affecting sperm’s functional parameters. In this study we aimed to evaluate whether the pH 6.2 extender is applicable at the farm level for increasing the number of female piglets without a decline in spermatozoa fertility. Artificial insemination (AI) was carried out with spermatozoa stored at pH 6.2 and pH 7.2 (original BTS) at day 1 and day 2 of storage. Next, the functional parameters of the spermatozoa, litter size, farrowing rate, and female-to-male ratio of offspring were determined. Results Although sperm motility decreased significantly after 2 d of storage, the viability of spermatozoa was preserved at pH 6.2 for 3 d. There was no significant difference in the farrowing rate and average litter size between the group inseminated with the spermatozoa stored in (pH 7.2) and that inseminated with spermatozoa stored in acidic BTS. The percentage of female piglets was approximately 1.5-fold higher in sows inseminated on day 1 in the pH 6.2 than in the pH 7.2 group. Furthermore, although there was no significant difference in the female-to-male ratio, the percentage of female piglets born was slightly higher in the pH 6.2 group than in the pH 7.2 group on day 2. Conclusions The method optimised in our study is simple, economical, and may enhance the number of female births without any decline in spermatozoa fertility.


Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3289
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Orzołek ◽  
Katarzyna T. Rafalska ◽  
Wiktoria A. Otowska ◽  
Władysław Kordan ◽  
Anna J. Korzekwa ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of semen extender supplementation with 25 or 50 μM of zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) or manganese nanoparticles (MnNPs) on turkey spermatozoa preserved in a liquid state. Twenty turkey ejaculates were obtained from twenty healthy males. The collected semen was preserved at 4 °C for 48 h with or without NPs. Selected qualitative and quantitative parameters of sperm (motility, plasma membrane activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the percentage of sperm demonstrating NO and SOD activity) were examined after 2, 24 and 48 h of storage. Sperm motility and MMP decreased in semen preserved with ZnNPs at each time point of the analysis. However, all spermatozoa remained viable throughout storage. In contrast, membrane integrity and mitochondria activity (p ≤ 0.05) increased, and the highest SOD activity (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in semen preserved with MnNPs. The addition of MnNPs to the semen extender could potentially improve the parameters of turkey semen during prolonged storage.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapendra Kumar ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Nirmala Saini ◽  
Shivendra Kumar Bhalotia ◽  
Chandan prakash ◽  
...  

Abstract Supplementation of antioxidant to semen extender maintains seminal quality by reducing oxidative stress during preservation time period. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentration of melatonin supplementation on liquid storage of Magra ram semen. This study was performed on adult Magra ram (n=8) and seminal ejaculates (48) were collected and evaluated for various macroscopic and microscopic seminal quality parameters for further processing. After preliminary evaluation, ejaculates of each collection session were mixed and divided into four equal aliquots. All the aliquots were diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric fructose egg yolk extender contained sans melatonin served as control whereas the other three aliquots were supplemented with 0.5, 1 and 2 mM MLT were grouped as MLT0.5, MLT1 and MLT2, respectively. Thereafter, the samples were stored at 4ºC for 72 h and various seminal parameters (individual sperm progressive motility, viability, abnormalities, plasma membrane functionality) along with oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h of preservation. The results indicated that the mean percent values for progressive sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane functionality and TAC were significantly higher (p<0.05) in treated groups with the highest values in MLT1 group. Significantly lower (p<0.05) percentage of total sperm abnormalities and MDA level were observed in treatment groups compared to control group. The results report that supplementation of 1mM melatonin efficiently maintain the seminal quality and ameliorate oxidative stress during preservation up at 4ºC to 72h.


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