labor standards
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2022 ◽  
pp. 0143831X2110661
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Xiaoli Hu

Recent research shows that the focus of labor-standards advocacy by transnational civil society organizations (CSOs) has shifted to building the organizational capacity of workers’ organizations in developing countries, suggesting cooperation between transnational CSOs and local trade unions potentially improving working conditions in global supply chains. However, scant attention has been paid to how the two actors interact in practice. Based on fieldwork in Cambodia, including in-depth interviews with garment sector stakeholders, this article examines the interaction between transnational CSOs and trade unions in improving working conditions in the garment industry. The data analysis shows that transnational CSOs and trade unions have distinct comparative advantages in improving working conditions. Rather than the conflicting relationship between CSOs and trade unions as suggested in the literature, this article demonstrates a complementary relationship between the two, indicating the significance of the cooperation between these actors in improving working conditions within global supply chains.


Author(s):  
Artem Krivcov ◽  

The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the definition of informal employment in the system of social and labor relations. The content analysis of the international state documents defining this concept is carried out. The author's definition of informal employment is given as a set of social and labor relations related to hiring and performing labor duties without a corresponding legally stipulated formalization of labor relations.It is concluded that the monitoring of informal employment and the analysis of its quantitative and qualitative indicators can be useful both for the development of non-shadow social and labor relations, the development of effective labor standards, and for the normalization and institutionalization of specific types of informal employment.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Lyutov ◽  
Vyacheslav Bobkov ◽  
Elena Volk ◽  
Ilona Voytkovskaya ◽  
Svetlana Golovina ◽  
...  

The first volume of the collective monograph "Labor Law: National and International Dimension", prepared by leading experts in Russian and international labor law, labor economics, philosophy of law, is devoted to the general problems of modern labor law. The first section of the volume deals with general theoretical issues of modern labor law, the second rethinks the principles of labor law in modern conditions, and the third analyzes modern employment problems. Most of the issues are investigated from the standpoint of the national labor law of Russia, international labor standards using the comparative legal method, as well as an intersectoral approach to legal research. For practitioners and researchers in the field of labor, international law, economics and sociology of labor, as well as students, postgraduates and anyone interested in this issue.


2021 ◽  
pp. 147-188
Author(s):  
Ibraiz Tarique ◽  
Dennis R. Briscoe ◽  
Randall S. Schuler

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lan Thi Thu Pham

<p>People are central to economic development. Workers are relatively vulnerable compared to the other factors of the economy, including governments and employers. Because violations of workers’ rights and poor working conditions are prevalent, especially in developing countries, the diffusion of internationally recognized labor standards is now emerging as a critical process in the world. This is a process by which internationally recognized labor rights are transferred between countries by various means with the expectation of improving labor conditions world-wide. For this process to be successful, it is important that not only labor standards but also rules and mechanisms for their enforcement be diffused. The Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP) is currently under negotiation. The TPP is expected to be the first “high-quality, twenty-first-century agreement” in the world. Norm entrepreneurs have chosen the TPP to be a channel for the diffusion of labor standards in the Asia-Pacific. How is the TPP likely to diffuse the norms, rules and mechanisms for the enforcement of labor standards and dispute resolution? Will it be by means of goodwill, cooperation and consensus or through material conditionality? Labor rights are human rights which must be upheld and promoted. The answer to the above empirical question is very important to the policy-makers of signatory countries of the TPP, given that labor standards are considered to be a sensitive issue in many Asian countries. Their concerns are grounded in history. The Government of Poland and the communist system in Eastern Europe were brought down as a result of the implementation of labor rights in the 1980s¹. How to implement these rights without causing social and political disorder is a complex question for policy-makers in the TPP countries. The thesis reviews the literature on theoretical norm diffusion and labor standards as well as provides the empirical evidence of past diffusion of labor standards in order to identify which mechanisms of diffusion are likely to prevail in the field of labor standards in the Asia-Pacific region. It answers who are the drivers of diffusion. It draws on the record of all signed FTAs in the region to provide an empirical foundation for its projection about the likely content of the TPP in terms of rules and mechanisms for the enforcement of labor standards.  ¹ After the rights to organize freely and to strike was recognized by the Government of Poland, the Solidarity Unions was formed and after many ups and downs of its evolution, finally it had led successfully the overthrow of the communist Government of Poland and “played a central role in the demise of communism across the Soviet bloc, changing forever the course of history in Europe”. Read more at http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1060898.html, and http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1969_detente/fall_of_communism.html</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lan Thi Thu Pham

<p>People are central to economic development. Workers are relatively vulnerable compared to the other factors of the economy, including governments and employers. Because violations of workers’ rights and poor working conditions are prevalent, especially in developing countries, the diffusion of internationally recognized labor standards is now emerging as a critical process in the world. This is a process by which internationally recognized labor rights are transferred between countries by various means with the expectation of improving labor conditions world-wide. For this process to be successful, it is important that not only labor standards but also rules and mechanisms for their enforcement be diffused. The Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP) is currently under negotiation. The TPP is expected to be the first “high-quality, twenty-first-century agreement” in the world. Norm entrepreneurs have chosen the TPP to be a channel for the diffusion of labor standards in the Asia-Pacific. How is the TPP likely to diffuse the norms, rules and mechanisms for the enforcement of labor standards and dispute resolution? Will it be by means of goodwill, cooperation and consensus or through material conditionality? Labor rights are human rights which must be upheld and promoted. The answer to the above empirical question is very important to the policy-makers of signatory countries of the TPP, given that labor standards are considered to be a sensitive issue in many Asian countries. Their concerns are grounded in history. The Government of Poland and the communist system in Eastern Europe were brought down as a result of the implementation of labor rights in the 1980s¹. How to implement these rights without causing social and political disorder is a complex question for policy-makers in the TPP countries. The thesis reviews the literature on theoretical norm diffusion and labor standards as well as provides the empirical evidence of past diffusion of labor standards in order to identify which mechanisms of diffusion are likely to prevail in the field of labor standards in the Asia-Pacific region. It answers who are the drivers of diffusion. It draws on the record of all signed FTAs in the region to provide an empirical foundation for its projection about the likely content of the TPP in terms of rules and mechanisms for the enforcement of labor standards.  ¹ After the rights to organize freely and to strike was recognized by the Government of Poland, the Solidarity Unions was formed and after many ups and downs of its evolution, finally it had led successfully the overthrow of the communist Government of Poland and “played a central role in the demise of communism across the Soviet bloc, changing forever the course of history in Europe”. Read more at http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1060898.html, and http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1969_detente/fall_of_communism.html</p>


2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Anufrieva

The article is devoted to topical problems of labor rationing in organizations of the real sector of the economy. First, the author reveals the meaning and essence of labor rationing, gives a retrospective of approaches to labor rationing, clarifies the concept and content of intra-organizational labor rationing in modern conditions. Taking into account the possibilities of using modern information and communication technologies in the organization of labor rationing, due attention is not paid. In this regard, the leading organizations of various types of activities of the Altai Territory studied the features and modern problems of intra-organizational regulation of labor. The provision of the staff and the conditions for training specialists — work rate setters in organizations, the used normative reference books, the applied methods of work rate setting, assessed the quality level of the current labor standards. The author has systematized traditional and modern domestic and foreign methods of microelement rationing of labor. Based on the results of the study, the author presents specific recommendations for building a microelement regulatory framework for an organization in the context of digitalization. Among them deserve the greatest interest, according to the author, specific automated systems and programs for the rationing of labor, as well as the graphic-analytical method and the Gauss method.


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