DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR URBAN MAPPING

Researchers in computer vision and machine learning are becoming increasingly interested in image semantic segmentation. Many methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proposed and have made considerable progress in the building extraction mission. This other methods can result in suboptimal segmentation outcomes. Recently, to extract buildings with a great precision, we propose a model which can recognize all the buildings and present them in mask with white and the other classes in black. This developed network, which is based on U-Net, will boost the model's sensitivity. This paper provides a deep learning approach for building detection on satellite imagery applied in Casablanca city, Firstly, to begin we describe the terminology of this field. Next, the main datasets exposed in this project which’s 1000 satellite imagery. Then, we train the model UNET for 25 epochs on the training and validation datasets and testing the pretrained weight model with some unseen satellite images. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed model offers good performance obtained as a binary mask that extract all the buildings in the region of Casablanca with a higher accuracy and entirety to achieve an average F1 score on test data of 0.91.

CO₂ Surface Variability, from the Stratosphere or Not?

Fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 can be measured with great precision and are used to identify human-driven sources as well as natural cycles of ocean and land carbon. One source of variability is the stratosphere, where the influx of aged CO2-depleted air can produce fluctuations at the surface. This process has been speculated a potential source of interannual variability (IAV) in CO2 that might obscure the quantification of other sources of IAV. Given the recent success in demonstrating that the stratospheric influx of N2O- and chlorofluorocarbon-depleted air is a dominant source of their surface IAV in the southern hemisphere, we here apply the same model and measurement analysis to CO2. Using chemistry-transport modeling or scaling of the observed N2O variability, we find that the stratosphere-driven surface variability in CO2 is at most 10 % of the observed IAV and is not an important source. The southern hemisphere stations with multi-decadal CO2 records can provide clues to sources through the phase shifts of the IAV relative to the northern hemisphere.

269 Validation of an Automatic Scale Equipped with Solar Panels for Grazing Beef Cattle

Body weight (BW) is used to detect health and nutritional disorders in cattle, as well as calculate profitability of the production system based on weight gain curves. In grazing systems, measuring BW frequently implies moving animals, which is labor intense, stressful, and reduces grazing time and feed intake. All of which negatively impacts animal performance. An automated scale in the pasture can reduce labor and animal handling, while ensuring an accurate BW estimation. Our objective was to evaluate the functionality and accuracy of an automatic wireless scale system equipped with solar panels (SmartScale, C-LOCKTM), when compared to a conventional scale located at the cattle working facility. Eight multiparous beef cows were weighed in a 14-day interval for a period of 57 days with a conventional scale, while at the same time BW was measured daily with an automated scale located at the pasture in front of the water trough. This wireless system registers BW every time the animal approaches the water trough and automatically transmit it to a server via cellular network. Correlation between weighing systems was evaluated through a linear regression (R Core Team, 2019), where the adjusted R2 value was 0.99, determining an excellent linear relationship between values obtained by the conventional scale and values obtained by the automated scale. In addition, the automated scale registered the time of day, time spent in the scale, and number of daily visits. The probability to find an animal at the scale varies between 15% to 20% during daylight, decreasing under 9% during the night, with 2.56±1.50 average number of visits per day, where animals spend in average 2.94±1.84 minutes. In conclusion, the automated scale has the ability to measure BW with great precision and has potential to be used as a complimentary instrument to evaluate animal behavior in grazing systems.

Intelligent Search of Values for a Controller Using the Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Control the Velocity of Displacement of a Robot

The optimization is essential in the engineering area and, in conjunction with use of meta-heuristics, has had a great impact in recent years; this is because of its great precision in search of optimal parameters for the solution of problems. In this work, the use of the Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) is presented to optimize the values for the variables of a proportional integral controller (PI) to observe the behavior of the controller with the optimized Ti and Kp values. It is proposed using a robot built using the MINDSTORMS version EV3 kit. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the improvement and efficiency of the controllers in conjunction with optimization meta-heuristics. In the results section, we observe that the results improve considerably compared to traditional methods. In this work, the main contribution is the implementation of an optimization algorithm (ABC) applied to a controller (PI), and the results are tested to control the movement of a robot. There are many papers where the kit is used in various domains such as education as well as research for science and technology tasks and some real-world problems by engineering scholars, showing the acceptable result.

PORTRAYAL OF NATURE IN KHALDOUN TANNER'S TALE

Khaldun Taner is a great Turkish writer, academic, and journalist. He was born in Istanbul in 1915, and died in his home city of Istanbul in 1986. He wrote many stories and plays during his seventy years of age. Writers describe him according to his writings as one of the most prominent people who used the fluent Turkish language and addressed all classes of people. Many readers have read his productions, both in his life and after his death. His stories "A Morning in the Palace" occupy a great place among all of his stories. We note all kinds of eloquence in this book and that the literary impact of 7 independent short stories can be dealt with from many aspects. In addition to this study, we will study the nature portrayal in the tale of Khaldun Tanner, which bears the name "A Morning in the Palace" which is a wonderful effect. And that the main reason for choosing this topic is because it is the subject of nature portrayal that attracted our attention, and differs from the rest of the studies, and that Khaldoun Tanner provided us with a depiction of nature with his own tale of nature and with great precision through his observation of nature and he has a high experience in narrating it. And events usually take place in Istanbul, where he was born and raised. Despite the concerns of life by going from home to work, he was dealing with nature in a smooth manner. We will study this topic under clear headings. We started this study with a comprehensive summary of the writer. Then we dealt with the life of Khaldoun Tanner and his literary personality and his effects, and then we deal with the body of the research, which is a portrayal of nature in Khaldun Tanner’s story entitled “A Morning in the Palace.

Mini-Review on Bioanalytical Estimation of Brinzolamide

: Brinzolamide is a treatment option for glaucoma. As glaucoma is the third leading cause of blindness, there is a need for analytical methods to obtain an effective drug with great precision and accuracy. Even if brinzolamide is official in IP and USP, different analytical methods still need to be brought in one place, which would help attain better results and easy comparison for other analysis specifications and procedures. This review helps to understand and gather different analysis techniques or biological fluid techniques of brinzolamide in a dosage form. These techniques include UV spectroscopy, HPLC, LC-MS, and TLC densitometry.

Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor of CO2 for Indoors and Outdoors

The ability to detect CO2 with the smallest possible devices, equipped with alarms and having great precision, is vital for human life, whether indoors or outdoors. It is essential to know if we are being subjected to this gas to establish the level of ventilation in factories, houses, classrooms, etc., and to be protected against viruses or dangerous gas concentrations. Equally, when we are in the countryside, it is useful to be able to evaluate if the greenhouse effect, caused by this gas, is increasing. We propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor for the measurement of CO2 concentrations taking into account that the refractive index of carbon dioxide depends on temperature, humidity, pressure, etc. With our sensor we can measure (in air) in any type of environment and concentration. Our sensor has a resolution of 5.15 × 10−5 RIU and a sensitivity of 19.4 RIU−1 for 400 ppm.

Bird Species Detection From Voice Features

The objective is naturally recognize which types of bird is available in a sound data set utilizing regulated learning. Contriving successful calculations for bird species order is a fundamental advance toward separating valuable natural information from accounts gathered in the field. Here Naïve Bayes calculation to characterize bird voices into various species dependent on 265 highlights removed from the chipping sound of birds. The difficulties in this undertaking included memory the executives, the quantity of bird species for the machine perceive, and the jumble in signal-to-clamor proportion between the preparation and the testing sets. So to settle this difficulties we utilized Naïve Bayes calculation from this we got great precision in it. The calculation Naive Bayes got 91.58% exactness.

3D MRI of the Hip Joint: Technical Considerations, Advantages, Applications, and Current Perspectives

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common choice among various imaging modalities for the evaluation of hip conditions. Conventional MRI with two-dimensional acquisitions requires a significant amount of time and is limited by partial-volume artifacts and suboptimal fluid-to-cartilage contrast. Recent hardware and software advances have resulted in development of novel isotropic three-dimensional (3D) single-acquisition protocols that cover the volume of the entire hip and can be reconstructed in arbitrary planes for submillimeter assessment of bony and labro-cartilaginous structures in their planes of orientation. This technique facilitates superior identification of small labral tears and other hip lesions with better correlations with arthroscopy. In this review, we discuss technical details related to 3D MRI of the hip, its advantages, and its role in commonly encountered painful conditions that can be evaluated with great precision using this technology. The entities described are femoroacetabular impingement with acetabular labral tears, acetabular dysplasia, avascular necrosis, regional tendinopathies and tendon tears, bursitis, and other conditions.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH BUSINESS IN UKRAINE

Both technology and business are changing in the world. The new paradigm of the world is emerging in the form of systems, affecting all aspects of the activities of society and market players. The scale and complexity of transformation will be different from what humanity has experienced before. It is not yet possible to predict with great precision how it will unfold, but one thing is clear: the answer must be integrated and comprehensive, from the public and private sectors in scientific community, business and society. In the new economic environment, economic agents have to go through the processes of digital transformation that are necessary to improve. The purpose of the article is to define the main directions of the development of digitalization and to analyse Ukraine’s place in the world by the level of development of digitalization. Methodical tools of the study were methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, search for causal relationships. The article presents the results of empirical analysis of the main trends in the Ukrainian market during the pandemic and their relationship with the processes of digitalization. The article analyzes the development trends and the size of the digital economy in Ukraine and in other countries of the world. Key numerical trends have been identified that will determine the direction of this type of economy. It has been proved that digitalization must be carried out in accordance with the principles of equal access, benefit creation, economic growth, the promotion of the information society and the orientation towards cooperation. The advantages of the digitalization of Ukrainian economy are presented, as well as the threats and risks that will arise from this process are indicated.