Biopotential of collagen-containing hydrolysates obtained from fish raw materials for protein sports nutrition

Low-molecular peptides of collagen origin are of crucial importance for the body metabolism. This work aims to substantiate the use of the hydrolysates of collagen-containing fish raw materials (scale) for protein sports nutrition. Sublimated low-molecular weight peptide water-soluble and dried water-insoluble protein-mineral supplements from the sardine scale were obtained by enzymatic thermal hydrolysis. The biopotential of scale and auxiliary food additives (apple pomace, flaxseed cake, pine nuts) was investigated using standard methods. The protein content and amino acid composition of the peptide supplement and the mineral composition of the protein-mineral supplement were analysed; their high biopotential according to the above criteria was shown. The peptide supplement contains all essential amino acids having a biological value of 59.9%. The protein-mineral supplement contains no tryptophan but a high amount of calcium (22.2 g/100 g) and phosphorus (12.0 g/100 g). The high content of functional food ingredients (protein, pectin, cellulose, polyphenols, minerals, vitamin C) in auxiliary vegetable raw materials was shown. The shape of a sports nutrition product (chocolate glazed protein bar) was substantiated. The basic recipe of a 60 g protein bar having the required protein content, a given structure and high consumer properties was established. Having a protein content of 23.5%, the bar provides a 24.1% calorific value, which corresponds to the "protein-rich food" for sports nutrition according to GOST 34006-2016. The biological protein value in the bar increased relative to the peptide supplement by 12% and amounted to 71.38%. The developed protein sports nutrition bar is dietary balanced by the content of amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, methionine and cystine, phenylalanine and tyrosine, tryptophan, lysine, threonine, alanine, arginine, histidine, glycine, carnosine, taurine, ornithine, citrulline), fibre, polyphenols, calcium and phosphorus and is recommended for athletes and people having an active lifestyle.

Post-mortem characterization of Dorper x Santa Inês lambs fed diets containing alternative foods

The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-mortem characteristics of lambs fed diets containing alternative foods. Twenty lambs, castrated Dorper x Santa Inês males, aged approximately 90 days and with mean weight of 20 kg were used. Experimental diets were composed of ground corn, soybean meal, mineral supplement, urea and Tifton-85 hay (forage). In addition to these ingredients, cottonseed, sunflower meal and castor bean cake were used as alternative foods in the proportions of 10, 8 and 8% of %DM, respectively. The experiment lasted 106 days, with 14 days for adaptation and 92 days for evaluation and data collection. At the end of the confinement period, the lambs were slaughtered, and the carcasses kept under cooling for a period of 24 hours. The measurements of pH, carcass temperature (internal and external) were measured in the Longissimus lumborum muscle, as well as the temperature and relative humidity of the cold chamber were measured. Muscle pH was altered as a function of diet and reached a value of 5.78 (lower pH) when lambs received the diet with castor bean cake. The internal carcass temperature was higher in the lambs that received the diet containing cottonseed (19.98°C), sunflower meal (19.71°C) and castor bean cake (19.87°C). The alternative foods can be used as ingredients in the formulation of diets for Dorper x Santa Inês lamb, for promoting the proper development of the post-mortem process, characteristic of good quality sheep meat.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Micro- and Macroelements in Fruit Peel Powder Mineral Supplement for Osteoporosis Patients and Their Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Osteoporosis is a worldwide disease depicted by the reduced bone mass, an adequate supply of minerals is needed to support bone remodeling, and their deficiency causes bone-related diseases, osteoporosis in particular, and has osteoprotective effects. The aim of this recent research was to quantify the micro- (Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn) and macroelements (Mg, K, and Ca) in the peel powder of some common fruits (pomegranate, orange, lemon, mango, and grapefruit) by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The extraction of micro- and macroelements in peel powder was done by using dilute acids in an ultrasonic bath. Apple leaves were used as standard reference material (SRM, NIST 1515) to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method at varied operating parameters. Maximum response was obtained for extracting of minerals in 500 mg SRM at 60°C temperature, setting a vortexing time of 5 min while using 5.0 mL extracting agent HNO3 (0.5 M)-H2O2 (10%) at 90% sonication amplitude of ultrasound bath for 6 min. While analyzing the SRM, the percentage recovery was obtained in a range between 96.8 and 102.7% to assure the accuracy whereas repeatability (n = 10) study in terms of % RSD yielding ≤2.29 supports well the precision of the proposed method, and limits of quantitation (μg/g) were 0.034, 0.061, 0.065, 0.057, 0.017, 0.175, and 0.053 for Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, K, and Ca, respectively. The proposed UAE method was reliable, efficient, and advantageous over the conventionally employed acid digestion method with regard to less consumption of reagents and short analysis time for the determination of micro- and macroelements in fruit peel powder.

BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF SEED BULLS WHEN USING MINERAL SUPPLEMENT BASED ON MARAL ANTLER PRESS-CAKE

The seed bulls used for artificial insemination should be in good health, have outstanding genetic characteristics, have high sexual activity, and the biological products ob-tained from them should have high quality indices. One of the possible methods of increasing semen production is the introduction of dietary supplements into the diet. The intro-duction of new feed and biologically active supplements into the diet may cause both positive and negative changes in metabolic processes. Monitoring the biochemical status of blood allows detecting not only metabolic disorders in highly productive animals but also a lack of vitamins, mac-ro-and microelements. The research goal was to study the effect of a natural biostimulant (mineral supplement) made from maral antler press-cake on the blood biochemical indices ofBlack Pied seed bulls in the breeding company AO “Plempredpriyatiye Barnaulskoye”. Along with the basic diet, the seed bulls of the trial group received the natural biostimulant (mineral supplement) based on maral antler press-cake; the daily dose -15.0 g per head, for 30 days with 10 days’ interval after each application. The supple-ment was thoroughly mixed with compound feed before feeding. The mineral supplement is of powder form and contains a complex of vitamins, minerals, amino acids and other biologically active substances. The use of a mineral supplement increased the amount of total protein and al-bumin by 7.15% and 18.3%, respectively. The blood glu-cose level in the seed bulls of the trial group was higher by 12% and cholesterol by 17.1% than in the blood of the con-trol group animals. Cholesterol of the seed bulls may be used as a structural material or a precursor in the synthesis of sex steroid hormones. The level of total calcium, alkaline reserve at the end of the experiment increased in the seed bulls when using the mineral supplement made from maral antler press-cake in the diet by 4.8% and 8.1%, respective-ly, as compared to the control group.

INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENT "KOSTOPRAV" ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS OF YOUNG PIGS

The effect of the vitamin and mineral supplement "Kostoprav" on the level of erythrocytes and biochemical parameters of blood, as well as on indicators of live weight, absolute and relative growth and exterior indicators was studied. As a result of the research, it was established that the piglets of the experimental groups, which were fed the supplement "Kostoprav" at a dose of 20 g / kg against the background of the main diet, for 21 days. feed and 30 g/1 kg feed contributed to an increase in the live weight of weaned pigs by 15.6 and 18.4 % than in the control. The blood parameters of the weaning pigs were within the physiological norm and in the third experimental group were accompanied by an increase in the level of erythrocytes by 17.6 %, calcium by 18.7 %, phosphorus by 16.7 %, sugar by 13.2 %, compared with the control. group. This indicates an improvement in the digestive function of the gastrointestinal tract and an increase in metabolic processes in the body. The use of the vitamin and mineral supplement "Kostoprav" contributed to an increase in the measurements of the body length in the 3rd experimental group by 2.3 %, chest girth by 3.3 %, height at the withers by 0.9 % than in the control group.

P-OGC01 Prevalence and treatment of nutritional deficiencies following Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery for Oesophageal or Gastric Cancer

Background Patients undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) surgery for cancer are left nutritionally vulnerable due to alterations in digestion and absorption this is becoming increasingly evident as more patients are achieving five year survival. Patients are more likely to endure nutritional deficiencies in particular B12, Iron, Vitamin D, Calcium, Zinc and folic acid. Reduced absorption and inadequate dietary intake of calories, protein and micronutrients are the main contributing factors post operatively and longer term. At 2 years post UGI resection the following nutritional deficiencies have been observed: 48% Iron, 42% B12, 40% Folic Acid, 34% Calcium, 33% Zinc, 24% Vitamin D. Methods Data was collected retrospectively from various systems on our Trusts Network. The trusts reporting system was utilised for blood results. Digital systems were used to confirm if any action had been taken and if this was appropriate. Additional digital systems were used to obtain clinic lists for the last 6 months. The Data was collected and entered into an Excel spread sheet for comparison. Chi squared testing was utilised to compare deficiency rate between different Upper GI surgeries. Results Chi squared statistical analysis of the nutritional deficiencies in the three main Cancer surgery types (Ivor Lewis / Total OG / Sub-total OG) found there was no statistical difference in prevalence of nutritional deficiency. Comparison of deficiencies indicated that the main prevalence was or Zinc and Vitamin D pre and post operatively. Conclusions Nutritional deficiencies should be corrected pre operatively. Monitoring thereafter of nutritional vitamin and mineral status should be individually tailored to suit the patient. All UGI patients should be commenced on a nutritionally complete vitamin and mineral supplement at the point of initial assessment in the UGI surgical clinic pre operatively. The recommendation would be to commence Forceval vitamin and mineral supplement as this offers optimal trace element coverage. Vitamin D deficiency pre operatively should have supplementation to maintain 25(OH)D levels greater than 50nmol/L and rechecked after 3 months. Zinc replacement should be monitored routinely.

Quality of cattle meat when feeding the mineral supplement “Stimulus +”

To find out the influence of the mineral supplement “Stimulus +” on the intensity of physiological processes and productivity of bulls. To achieve this goal, we set ourselves the following tasks: 1. To study the effect of the additive “Stimulus +” on the hematological parameters of experimental bulls. 2. Investigate the effect of the drug “Stimulus +” on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat (slaughter quality, morphological and chemical composition of carcasses) and its biological value. To study the effect of the mineral supplement “Stimulus +” on the productivity of animals. The obtained results make it possible to correct the diets of experimental animals, which will positively affect erythropoiesis, respiratory function, certain areas of protein, energy, and hydrocarbon metabolism in young cattle, which will increase their productivity and improve the quality of beef obtained from them. Changes in the biochemical parameters of the blood of animals fed the mineral supplement were revealed. It is established to increase the productivity of animals by feeding them a mineral supplement, which indicates a more rational use of physiological resources of the body of experimental animals. It was found that feeding the animals led to an increase in slaughter yield by 3.8 % compared to control. It was found that during long-term storage (14 days) in the meat of animals of the control group, several changes indicate the beginning of spoilage of meat, and the meat of animals fed with mineral supplements was of good quality, as well as veterinary assessment was the best and more resistant to spoilage during storage. In order to prevent microelementosis of fattening cattle for fattening, increase their productivity, improve the physicochemical and veterinary-sanitary indicators of meat, and the profitability of production, we recommend adjusting their diets, according to previous studies.

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and selected rumen parameters in feedlot bulls fed diets with different feed additives

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the feed intake, nutrient digestibility and selected rumen parameters in feedlot bulls fed diets containing different feed additives. Six rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls (age = 8 ± 1.0 months; initial BW = 225 ± 13.2 kg) were distributed in a 6 × 6 Latin square design. Six experimental diets based on 30% corn silage and 70% concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis were evaluated. Diets differed in feed additive on a DM basis, as follows: 1.4% bicarbonate and magnesium oxide in 3:1 ratio (BOX); 36 ppm lasalocid sodium (LAS); 30 ppm monensin sodium (MON); 25 ppm virginiamycin (VIR); 30 ppm monensin sodium plus 25 ppm virginiamycin (MV); and 3.15% commercial mineral supplement containing D-limonene and exogenous α-amylase (EOA). The experiment lasted 144 d, with six periods of 24 d. Each period consisted of 14 d for dietary adaptation, 3 d for feces and urine collection, and 7 d for omasal and ruminal digesta collection. Bulls fed the BOX diet showed greater (P < 0.05) intake of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (apNDF), crude protein (CP), and starch compared to the other diets. Diets with LAS, MON, VIR, MV, or EOA did not influence (P > 0.05) the DM, OM, apNDF, CP, or starch intake of feedlot bulls. Bulls fed the EOA diet showed greater (trend; P = 0.09) ruminal digestibility of starch compared to the other diets. The feed additives did not affect (P > 0.05) the intestinal or total tract digestibility of starch, rumen pH, microbial efficiency, total rumen fluid, dilution rate, rate of intake, rate of degradation, or passage rate of the DM, OM, apNDF, and starch. In conclusion, LAS, MON, VIR, MV, and EOA diets reduced nutrient intake compared to BOX. Although all feed additives presented similar effects on rumen pH, temperature, and kinetics the presence of exogenous α-amylase in the EOA diet may increase ruminal starch digestibility and apparent total tract digestibility of DM and OM.

Adaptation productive de la race Nélore au ranch Kila République du Congo

Objectif : La présente étude a pour objectif d’évaluer les paramètres de production des animaux Nélores afin d’améliorer la conduite de ces derniers élevés pour la première fois au Congo. Méthodologie et résultats : Des données portant sur le poids des veaux de la naissance à 7 mois, le gain moyen quotidien des veaux, les poids post sevrages de 12 à 36 mois, les poids moyens et les rendements à l’abattage, ont été collectées sur 40 veaux, 40 vêlles, 80 taurillons, 42 génisses et 78 taureaux. Les animaux ont été nourries d’herbes telles que Bulbostylis laniceps, Trachypogon spicatus, Ctenium newtonii, Hyparrhenia wombaliensis sur pâturages naturel et Panicum massaye, Brachiara brizenta, Brachiara omidicola, Bracharia Laneiro sur pâturages artificiel. Leur alimentation a été supplémentée par le complément minérale azoté vitaminé et complément minéral vitaminé. Les veaux naissent avec un poids 27,97±0,58 kg contre 26,88±0,61 kg pour les vêlles. Les mâles naissent plus lourds que les femelles. Cet effet d’écart de poids s’amplifie jusqu’au 7è mois où l’on enregistre 140,63±1,20 kg et 131,45±3,41 kg respectivement pour les mâles et femelles, le dimorphisme sexuel est bien prononcé. Les gains moyens quotidiens des mâles et femelles de la naissance au sevrage sont respectivement de 536,48g/j et 497,95g/j. Le suivi post sevrage montre que les Nélores mâles et femelles atteignent 171,37±4,78 kg et 158,44±13,11kg à 12 mois. Ce poids est de 349,96±8,82 kg et 289,23±29,16 kg et de 418,97± 25,84 kg et 333,67±33,12 kg respectivement pour les mâles et femelles à 24 et 36 mois. Les animaux sont abattus à l’âge de 60 ± 6,3 mois avec un poids moyen de 484,64±23,4 kg. Le rendement net à l’abattage est de 55,5±18,7%. Conclusion et application des résultats : l’adaptation productive des Nélores aux espèces fourragères du ranch Kila prouve qu’ils s’adaptent bien aux conditions climatiques du Congo et constitue un atout considérable pour le développement de l’élevage bovin au Congo. Mots clés : Adaptation, Productive, Condition climatique, Nélore, Congo ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the production parameters of Nélores animals in order to improve the behavior of the latter reared for the first time in Congo. Methodology and results: Data on the weight of calves from birth to 7 months, average daily gain of calves, post-weaning weights from 12 to 36 months, average weights and slaughter yields were collected. on 40 Dimi Ngatse et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2021 Adaptation productive de la race Nélore au ranch Kila République du Congo 16205 calves, 40 calves, 80 bulls, 42 heifers and 78 bulls. The animals were fed grasses such as Bulbostylis laniceps, Trachypogon spicatus, Ctenium newtonii, Hyparrhenia wombaliensis on natural pastures and Panicum massaye, Brachiara brizenta, Brachiara omidicola, Bracharia Laneiro on artificial pastures. Their diet was supplemented by the vitamin nitrogen mineral supplement and vitamin mineral supplement. Calves are born with a weight of 27.97 ± 0.58 kg against 26.88 ± 0.61 kg for calves. Males are born heavier than females. This weight difference effect is amplified until the 7th month when 140.63 ± 1.20 kg and 131.45 ± 3.41 kg are recorded respectively for males and females, the sexual dimorphism is quite pronounced. . The average daily gains of males and females from birth to weaning are respectively 536.48g / d and 497.95g / d. Post-weaning monitoring shows that male and female Nelores reach 171.37 ± 4.78 kg and 158.44 ± 13.11 kg at 12 months. This weight is 349.96 ± 8.82 kg and 289.23 ± 29.16 kg and 418.97 ± 25.84 kg and 333.67 ± 33.12 kg respectively for males and females at 24 and 36 month. The animals are slaughtered at the age of 60 ± 6.3 months with an average weight of 484.64 ± 23.4 kg. The net slaughter yield is 55.5 ± 18.7%. Conclusion and application of the results: The productive adaptation of the Nelores to the forage species of the Kila ranch proves that they adapt well to the climatic conditions of Congo and constitutes a considerable asset for the development of cattle breeding in Congo. Keywords : Adaptation, Productive, Climatic condition, Nélore, Congo

153 Differences in Health and Carcass Characteristics of Yearling Steers That Received Free-choice Garlic-infused Mineral Supplements

Garlic products have been reported to have antimicrobial effects and may trigger anemia in horses, but their direct impact on feedlot cattle has not been detailed. With increased free-choice feeding of garlic-infused mineral supplements to beef cattle, it is important to evaluate this strategy’s impact on the animals’ health and the potential impact on carcass qualities. This 2-yr study recruited 208 crossbred feedlot steers in a supplementation trial using a completely randomized design. Each year, 104 steers were assigned to 1 of 4 groups that received either non-garlic mineral supplement (MS), MS + 0.3% garlic-oil-based premix (GOil), MS + 2.5% garlic powder (LGP), MS + 5% garlic powder (HGP). Feed and supplements were provided on an ad-lib basis and were measured for each steer with automatic feeding units. The study evaluated health indicators such as blood parameters and internal parasites. At harvest, carcass characteristics (including the incidence of liver abscesses) were assessed for all steers. The groups consumed between 156 and 208 g/d of the supplement over the two years, with the MS group having a lower overall supplement intake than other groups. The average daily consumption of garlic products in GOil, LGP, and HGP were approximately 0.6g/d, 5.2g/d, and 10.1g/d, respectively. There was no difference in total fecal egg counts (P = 0.45) among the groups. There was no association between the treatment groups and incidences of liver abscess scores (P = 0.10) nor carcass grade outcomes (P = 0.84). Further, there were no differences in hot carcass weight (P = 0.90), rib eye area (P = 0.34) and carcass backfat thickness (P = 0.99). All blood parameters evaluated were within normal ranges for all groups. The results suggest that infusing commercial garlic products into mineral supplements is not associated with undesirable effects on cattle health or carcass characteristics.