Lecturers’ perception on the implementation of approaches to teaching literature in EFL classrooms

The selection of appropriate approach(es) to teaching literature in EFL classrooms becomes a necessity that they can result in good performance of the students, both in their critical thinking aspect and their language proficiency. The problem appears when the lecturer does not implement a suitable approach to literary analysis when teaching literature to the EFL students. These problems led to the student’s inability to perform as expected. The present study examines how lecturers perceive the implementation of approaches to teaching literature in EFL classrooms and their relations to improving the students’ reflective writing skills as the manifestation of the student’ responses to the literary works. Among the approaches studied were the Language-based approach, the Reader-Response approach, and the Philosophical approach. The study was carried out on six lecturers teaching the Literary Criticism course in the EFL classrooms at the university level. A questionnaire was distributed to the lecturers teaching this course at a university in Semarang, Indonesia, containing eight-question items regarding how they perceive the literary approaches and how effective they used them in improving the students’ reflective writing skills, in encouraging the students to think critically about the events in literary works and in relating the readings to some aspects of their own lives. The study revealed that each literary analysis approach in teaching literature has its benefits and characteristics. The study results also showed that each approach has its strengths and weaknesses that differ from one another.

Representations of Immigration in Third World countries: a comparative study between ‘Dave’ in The Arrangers of Marriage by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and ‘Nazneen’ in Monica Ali’s Brick Lane

Generally speaking, third-world literary scholars have been seen as representative tools for their societies. The current article aims to look at postmodern African and Asian societies. Thus, these two literary works “The Arrangers of Marriage” by the African novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and “Brick Lane” by Monica Ali belong to third world Contemporary Literature. Dave who is a Nigerian figure when he went to the United States, he leaves his traditions, besides, Nazneen, who stands against her tradition too to formulate a new identity. This article examines the effects of Immigration on third-world characters. Also, the focus on major concepts such as identity. Both authors are involved in what we call living in Diaspora. This article is a comparative study between the two works of two marginalized writers of a Nigerian and Bangladeshi identity, especially as the continent gradually becomes part of the postmodern and globalized world.

LA DINAMICIDAD DE LOS TEXTOS LITERARIOS: HACIA UNA TIPOLOGÍA DE LA TRANSREFERENCIALIDAD

Este artículo integra las aportaciones de la teoría de la literatura acerca de las relaciones entre los textos en un contexto más abarcador: el de la transacción de referencias. De este modo, se contemplan las particularidades de los vínculos que fomentan las obras literarias, incluyendo aquellos que se producen con elementos no textualizados –sistemas semiológicos distintos o esquemas formales o de contenido, por ejemplo–. En consecuencia, se propone una tipología sobre los procedimientos transreferenciales, que se estructuran en tres niveles: 1) el contacto directo, 2) las modalidades, y 3) las relaciones interdiscursivas. Esta clasificación, susceptible de aplicarse a todos los géneros, se ejemplificará a lo largo del artículo con textos pertenecientes a la poesía española contemporánea. Abstract: This paper integrates the contributions of literary theory about the relationships between texts in a wider context: that of the transaction of references. In this way, it contemplates the particularities of the links fostered by literary works, including those produced by means of non-textualised elements (different semiotic systems or formal or content schemas, for example). Consequently, a typology is proposed regarding transreferential procedures, which are structured on three levels: 1) direct contact, 2) modes, and 3) interdiscursive relations. This classification, which can be applied to all genres, will be exemplified throughout the paper with texts belonging to contemporary Spanish poetry.

The Colonial Project and The Sign of the Four: A Narrative Purging of the ‘Other’

Like many of the literary works produced in the late 19th to mid-20th century, Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Sign of the Four reflects the colonial project in a myriad of ways. Written a mere few decades after the 1857 Rebellion, and with a decidedly orientalist perspective, the work inculcates a specific breed of colonial anxiety prominent in the instability of Britain in the late 19th century. More specifically, this paper claims that the entry of Tonga and the Agra Treasure into London are events that precipitate British imperial anxiety within the narrative, and their respective arcs in the story – Tonga’s death and the loss of the treasure – are allegories for the ultimately unachievable desire to purge the colonial from the empire’s home bounds. This paper goes on to explore the imperial edifices and constructions developed within The Sign of the Four.

DIGITAL LITERATURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF GENERATION Z

The mass media entered a new era where all media is digital, including literary works. The results of this study are expected to show the views and impressions of Generation-Z on digital literary works and help bring insights to the general public regarding Gen z's response to digital literature through the Booktok trend. This research aims to gain knowledge over generation z's perspective on developments on digital literature works media and how they see those changes through the BookTok trend in TikTok by using descriptive qualitative method, using interviews and data from books, journal articles, and videos with a span of 2019-2021. This research focused on the response of Generation Z to changes in the media of literary works and the images of literary works through the BookTok trend in the Tiktok social media community.

Membaca Serat Gembring Baring Karya Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III: Sebuah Ikhtiar Pencarian Pemimpinan Idaman Rakyat

<p><em>The old manuscript is one of the cultural heritages of the Indonesian nation which is full of noble values. One of the old literary works that has the function of piwulang is Serat Serat Gembring Baring by Raden Rangga Prawiradirja III [Madiun Regent 1796-1810]. The purpose of this study is to describe the leadership concepts contained in the Serat Gembring Baring in order to answer one of the mistakes of our state management, namely, the leadership crisis so that we can find the criteria for an ideal leader and what the people want. The content analysis method is used to reveal the leadership concept contained in the fiber, while the approach used is a historical-descriptive approach. A good leader in Fiber Gembring Baring is a leader who has the following criteria: kaṅ nĕdya hulaḥ praja (seriously government the country), maḍĕp kawulannira (pay attention to the people), mantĕp maraṅ hadabbiṅ nagari (be loyal to the adab [rules] of the country).</em></p>

“Viejas pisadas”: Activating Postvernacular Ladino in the Works of Myriam Moscona

In both her hybrid-language novel Tela de Sevoya (2012) and in her Ladino poetry collec­tion Ansina (2015), Mexican author Myriam Moscona (1955) embraces Ladino as a post­vernacular language without any illusions of recuperating it for daily speech. Although her grandparents spoke Ladino, she herself is not a native speaker. While she recognizes that Ladino is a dying tongue, Moscona makes explicit the power of literary works to infiltrate and function within the liminal spaces that exist between languages, identities, or layers of history. Moscona’s dynamic and future-oriented creative work-composed in a language whose vernacularity exists only in the past-utilizes the tool of postvernacularity and en­ters into the discourse of feminist mobilization. Her works show how the active use of postvernacularity can open opportunities for her Spanish-speaking audiences to collective­ly engage in Ladino’s afterlife through acts of creative play.

The Popularity of The Wattpad Application in Increasing Millennial Generation’s Literacy Through Literary Works.

Background: Nowadays, people's enthusiasm for reading literature is getting lower. On the other hand, we can use technological development to look for literary works. Purpose: Based on this problem, researchers are interested in researching how Wattpad applications can increase literacy in literary work. Method: Researchers use quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative methods through surveys online, and the resulting population consists of 75 respondents from the millennial generation. The sample criteria in this study were Wattpad users with an age range ranging from 13 years to 25 years. Then, researchers used interview methods using 15 informants to strengthen survey results online. Result: Wattpad is a platform that provides literary work. It helps the reader to access the story freely. This application offers many variations of literary genres. Wattpad has a function to entertain and give knowledge through stories supplied by authors. It shows that Wattpad has a vital role in increasing literary interest, especially millennials. Recommendation: This research should be carried out long before the due date. But, this incident is out of reach for researchers because we have to prepare anything before doing research. Furthermore, sampling that is used must have more limited scope to get specific result data. For example, we use sample respondents from East Java residents. Limitation: This research has limited research time to meet the expected number of respondents. The source data is from a user Wattpad range between 13 and 25 years old.

Book Review of "Elgara"; Conflict Analysis Through A Literary Psychology Perspective Approach.

This research was conducted as a form of attention to modern literary work. The researcher is interested in analyzing the novel Elgara. This study aims to be information based on the author's reading experience about the contents of this book and describe the novel's structure and the conflicts experienced by the main character in Elgara's novel. This paper is addressed to someone who has a great interest in modern literature, such as novels. This research collects data through literature review methods developed through a theoretical framework based on the literary psychology approach. The primary source data of this research gets from modern literary work entitled Elgara, written by Lusiafriaa and first published in August 2021. Based on the analysis results, This study shows that the novel Elgara has mixed plots, and two types of conflicts are internal and external. This research can conclude that researchers study the conflicts that occur to the Kyara's character in the novel Elgara using a literary psychology approach. Through the review of this novel, the author expects to bridge the gap between readers and literary works, increase the reader's love for literary works, and appreciate literary works