MICROBIOLOGICAL AND TREATMENT STUDIES OF OVINE FOOTROT INFECTION IN MOSUL AREA

It emerges from bacteriological study that it is possible to isolate many bacterial types and yeasts from the lesions of footrot infection in sheep. Anaerobic cultivation came out with the isolation of Spherophorus spp. (24%), Bacteroides spp. (60%), Corynebacterium spp. (64%), Enterobacteracae (76%), Streptococcus spp. (76%), Staphylococcus spp. (36%), Clostridum sordellii (46%) and Irichosporon cutaneum (4%). On the other hand aerobic cultivation rendered the isolation of Corynebacterium spp. (100%), Entrobacteracae (100%), Staphylococcus spp. (15%), Penicillium spp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichosporon cutaneum. Five different drug combinations were studied for their efficacy in the treatment of ovine footrot. Their healing rates were as follows : oxytetracycline (59%), oxytetracyclin with formaline (70.9%), Procaine penicillin and streptomycin (72.5%), Procaine penicillin and streptomycin with formaline dipping (80.76%), Formaline alone (63.8%). All kinds of treatment indicated statistically significant differences to exit between the treated (experimental) and untreated (control) groups

Prevalence of non-O157 Shiga Toxin-producing E. Coli in Children and Calves in Al- Muthanna Province, Iraq

The present study focus on non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. Coli (STEC), included a bacteriological study was subjected to provide additional information for non-O157 STEC prevalence in children and calves. Isolation by using selective culturing media (CHROMagar STEC and CHROMagar O157) from 127 children suffering from diarrhea and 133 calves in Al- Muthanna province. Characterization depends on culturing positive colony on MacConkey agar and Levin’s Eosin Methylene blue agar, staining single colony from the growth by gram stain, biochemical tests; Indole, the Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer, Citrate test, Oxidase, Catalase, Urease, Motility, Kligler Iron and Api-20E, were done to confirm a diagnosis of non-O157 STEC, The reliable isolation as non-O157 STEC serotyping by specific latex agglutination test for the target non-O157 STEC (big six) serogroup (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121 and O145). The current study showed the prevalence of non-O157 STEC was 20 of out 127 (15.73%) in samples collected from children and 27 / 133 (20.30%) in calves samples in conclusion the Non-O157 STEC is an important cause of diarrhea in children, and calves; finally, the calves play an important reservoir for Non-O157 STEC.

The Species Composition of Microbiota and Biological Properties of Dominant Bacterial Species in the Lacrimal Fluid in Patients with Endogenous Uveites

The purpose: to study the species composition of the lacrimal fluid microbiota in patients with endogenous uveitis and the biological properties of dominant species of bacteria.Patients and Methods. A bacteriological study of the lacrimal fluid of 107 patients (114 eyes) with endogenous uveitis and 28 practically healthy persons (control) was carried out. The research was performed using the conventional methods. The isolated microorganisms were identified up to the species. We studied the main biological properties of bacteria — the presence of persistence and virulence factors of isolated dominant species.The results. 43 strains of various types of bacteria were isolated from the lacrimal fluid of patients with uveitis, bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus prevailed, S. aureus was isolated in 23.3 % of cases, and the remaining strains were representatives of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The species composition of the bacteria isolated from practically healthy individuals did not differ in essence. Isolated strains of S. aureus had a significant set of virulence factors. All isolates lysed sheep red blood cells, 80 % of the cultures had lecithovitellase and 60 % — DNA-se activity. Representatives of coagulase-negative staphylococci were characterized only by hemolytic activity. In the study of persistence factors, it was found that all the studied strains of S. aureus and the vast majority of representatives of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from tears were resistant to lysozyme. Biofilm formation was more typical for S. aureus strains 90 % versus 34.4 % for representatives of coagulase-negative staphylococci (t = 2.194, p = 0.034). Similar patterns were found in relation to complement resistance, 90 % of S. aureus cultures and 37.5 % of coagulase-negative staphylococci (t = 2.055; p = 0.046).Conclusion. Among the microorganisms isolated from the lacrimal fluid, Staphylococcus bacteria prevailed, from which S. cohnii was most often isolated. S. aureus to a greater extent than coagulase-negative staphylococci had a certain set of virulence and persistence factors. The microbiocenosis of the lacrimal fluid of patients with endogenous uveitis did not differ from practically healthy individuals. The presence of S. aureus in lacrimal fluid is a risk factor for the development of endogenous uveitis in cases of chronic oral and ENT organ diseases.

The prospects of finding new treatments for acne

An important role in the development of acne is played by the activity of the skin microflora (namely the bacteria Propionibacterum acnes) and members of the genus Staphylococcus. In the schemes of complex treatment of patients with this disease, antibiotics from among macrolides or lincosamides are mainly used. It is of interest to study the current state of susceptibility of staphylococci and propionic bacteria to these drugs, as well as to other antimicrobial agents in order to determine the prospects for expanding the arsenal of methods for treating acne. The aim of the study was to study the susceptibility of microorganisms involved in the development of acne to antimicrobials and antagonistic effects of probiotic strains of lactobacilli. We conducted a bacteriological study of the content of rash elements in 60 patients with acne. The biological characteristics of 40 strains of Staphylococcus spp. and 15 strains of Propionibacterum acnes isolated and researched. The sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics and antiseptics was determined by the disco-diffusion method and the method of serial double dilutions of drugs in a liquid nutrient medium. Determination of the sensitivity of acne pathogens to the antagonistic effect of lactobacilli was performed by the method of two-layer agar by reducing the number of microorganisms. The results of the study made it possible to establish that the isolated strains of bacteria show a low level of sensitivity to antimicrobials, which in medical practice are most often used for topical therapy of acne. Only 17.5 % of isolated staphylococcal strains were sensitive to erythromycin, only 45.0 % of strains of this species were sensitive to clindamycin. Strains of Propionibacterum acnes showed a higher level of sensitivity to antibiotics than staphylococci. However, the established indicators do not allow to consider highly effective means for treatment of acne on their basis. At the same time, a high level of sensitivity of acne pathogens to antiseptic drugs decamethoxine and Aeroplysinin 1 and antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus was established. Thus, the strains of Propionibacterum acnes and Staphylococcus spp., involved in the development of acne, are characterized by high levels of resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, benzoyl peroxide, which are now the basis of the arsenal of topical therapy for patients with this disease. There is a need to find new effective drugs for the etiotropic therapy of acne.

PURULENT SEPTIC COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS AND THEIR PATHOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Objective. To study of the role of Helicobacter pylori as an etiological factor of acute pancreatitis and a marker of the development of its purulent-septic complications. Мethods. The study was conducted in the period of 2015-2020; patients with acute pancreatitis (n=124) were divided into 2 groups: the main group (66 patients with moderate severity and severe course) and the comparison group (58 patients with a mild form). All patients underwent a screening study of Helicobacter pylori in feces and serological blood test to detect antibodies, namely immunoglobulin M to Helicobacter pylori (determination of the phase of the disease - acute or chronic). In 39 (31.5%) patients of the main group, a bacteriological study of biological and biopsyspecimensof antral mucous membrane were taken and examined histologically for organisms. The selection of antibiotics for treatment was carried out taking into account the infection of patients with Helicobacter pylori and was performed using the author’s method, the effectiveness of treatment was controlled microbiologically. Results. The positive result of the express test was in 66 (100%) patients of the main group and in 39 (67.2%) patients in the comparison group. During serological examination, a positive result was obtained: 24 hours after hospitalization - in 8 (13.8%) patients in the comparison group, in 23 (34.8%) patients in the main group; after 7 days - in 9 (15.5%) patients and 42 (63.3%) patients, respectively. Helicobacter pylori is sensitive to the majority of antibiotics used to treat purulent-septic complications of acute pancreatitis; after finishing the course of antibiotic therapy, eradication was achieved in 37 (94.9%) patients of the main group. Conclusion. Positive results of a serological study of Нelicobacter pylori after 7 days from the moment of hospitalization were more common in patients of the main group (63.3%) in relation to the comparison group (15.5%) (χ²=28.9, p<0.001), which gives grounds to consider bacteria, as one of the markers of the development of purulent-septic complications of acute pancreatitis. What this paper adds The role of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis has been studied for the first time and its value as a marker for septic complications development of acute pancreatitis is shown. It allowed optimizing the etiotropic antibiotic therapy for this disease.

Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in children

We do not set out to describe all the symptoms of this disease, but only a few of them that were observed in the cases of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis that we described, established by bacteriological research, emphasizing only which are described as constant and which are most typical that they can be guided by when making a diagnosis in tѣkhъ conditions, where it is impossible to make a bacteriological study for any reason.

MONITORING THE EPISOOTIC SITUATION OF DISEASES OF CATTLE HOOTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN, INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROFLORA

The article presents a retrospective analysis of bovine necrobacteriosis in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 2011 to 2020. In the bacteriological study of the spicies compositions of microorganisms isolated from purulent-necrotic foci in hoof area of cattle, in the safe farms for this disease, the causative agent of necrobacteriosis was found in 50 % of cases.