Article 25: The Right to Periodic Review of Treatment and All Other Circumstances of Placement

Abstract‘More in-depth screening process for foster parents to ensure the housing placement will be safe before the follow-up.’ (Western Europe/Other)

Optimization of Raw Material Inventory Control CV. Dirga Eggtray Pinrang Using Probabilistic Model with Backorder and Lostsales Condition

This research discusses about the comparison of raw material inventory control CV. Dirga Eggtray Pinrang. It starts with forecasting inventory for the next 12 periods using variations of the time series forecasting method, where the linear regression method provides accurate forecasting results with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 1,9371%. The probabilistic models of inventory control used are the simple probabilistic model, Continuous Review System (CRS) model, and Periodic Review System (PRS) model. The CRS model with backorder condition is a model that provides the minimum cost of Rp. 969.273.706,20 per year compared to another probabilistic model with the largest difference of Rp. 1.291.814,95 per year, with the optimum number of order kg, reorder level kg, and safety stock kg.

Civil Society, Rights and Welfare: Exploring the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Cambodia

This study examines Cambodia’s implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Corpus analysis of civil society organisations’ submissions to the United Nations Universal Periodic Review reveals a raft of CRC violations, including sexual abuse, trafficking and child labour. This is due to political and bureaucratic failings. The wider significance of this lies in underlining how the disjuncture between state and civil society underpins ongoing violations. Future progress depends on strengthened mobilisation yet increasing repression of civil society makes this unlikely. Accordingly, the prospects are bleak with children in Cambodia continuing to suffer widespread rights violations.

Universal periodic review as a migration desecuritization instrument

For the last decades, it was observed that the migration subject was addressed as a security issue due to a social construction proposed by the state that sees immigrants as a threat to security, in which they are subconsciously considered as “the other”. Thus, migration issues started to be analyzed under the security bias, which resulted in the topic being securitized instead of politicized and discussed by all sectors of society and under the human rights scope. In 2006 the United Nations Human Rights Council created the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism, which allows all UN member states to have their human rights situations reviewed every four years and a half. In this respect, the paper aims at presenting how the UPR mechanism may be a tool to desecuritize the migration subject by using Spain as a study case, which is the country that receives more recommendations about migrants among all UN member states. Therefore, the research focuses on a comprehensive evaluation of documents on Spain outcomes in the first two UPR cycles, in order to identify the main recommendations about the migration subject and to understand the interventions related to Spain's position on accepting or not such recommendations. The purpose here is to check the effectiveness of the UPR as a tool that may contribute to the desecuritization of the migration subject under the human rights perspective. The research focuses on a review of documents and bibliographic references, with a qualitative approach and exploratory nature. The initial result points out that the interactive discussion promoted by the UPR mechanism can help support to desecuritize the migrant issue.

Punishment and Politicization in the International Human Rights Regime

Conventional wisdom treats politicization in the international human rights regime as invariant: for any given violation, states condemn adversaries while coddling friends. However, we find that politicization patterns vary markedly across human rights issues. Some norms are more politicized than others, and states are more likely to punish geopolitical partners on certain violations. We offer a novel theory of politicized enforcement wherein states punish human rights violations discriminatively based on their perceived “sensitivity” for the target state. Using data from the UN Universal Periodic Review, an elaborate human rights mechanism, we show that states tend to criticize their adversaries on sensitive issues that undermine the target regime’s power and legitimacy while addressing safer topics with friends. By uncovering a strategic logic of human rights enforcement, this research contributes new theoretical insights on the relationship between norms and power politics in global governance.

Drug Utilization Evaluation Of Antihypertensives In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital.

INTRODUCTION: A study on antihypertensive usage in a tertiary care teaching hospital necessary to realize that drugs inappropriate use represents a potential hazard to the patient and unnecessary expenses. This necessitates a periodic review of the pattern of drug utilization to ensure safe and effective treatment. The ultimate goal is to focus on the factors related to the prescribing, dispensing, administering and taking medication. AIM: To analyse the drug utilization evaluation of antihypertensives in a tertiary care teaching hospital. METHODOLOGY: A prospective, observational and analytical study was carried out for six months from November 2019 to April 2020 in the inpatient from different departments of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore district with the aim of drug utilization evaluation antihypertensives. RESULT: A total of 332 patients were taken into the study. 32% (103) of the patient were in the age group of 41-50 years, and this was found to be higher in a male population, 57%. During the study, 51.6% of the patients were stage 1 hypertension, followed by prehypertension and stage 2 hypertension. The most common class of drugs prescribed in the study was ACE inhibitors, 31.1%, followed by CCB 21.4%, and the most prescribed medication in the study were captopril 21.7% and nifedipine 14.3%. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbid condition, 35.7% associated with hypertension, followed by hyperthyroidism 14.5%. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that by providing insight into the prescription pattern of antihypertensive medication concerning various comorbidities control, it helps the prescriber pay more attention to specific factors that affect the outcome of various comorbidities.

Variable demand model for periodically reviewing with allowing refunding parts of the orders

Depending on a field study for one of the largest iron and paints warehouses in Egypt, this paper presents a new multi-item periodic review inventory model considering the refunding quantity cost. Through this field study, we found that the inventory level is monitored periodically at equal time intervals. Returning a part of the goods that were previously ordered is permitted. Also, a shortage is permissible to occur despite having orders, and it is a combination of the backorder and lost sales. This model has been applied in both crisp and fuzzy environments since the fuzzy case is more suitable for real-life than crisp. The Lagrange multiplier technique is used for solving the restricted mathematical model. Here, the demand is a random variable that follows the normal distribution with zero lead-time. Finally, the model is followed by a real application to clarify the model and prove its efficiency.