Bioepoxy based hybrid composites from nano-fillers of chicken feather and lignocellulose Ceiba Pentandra

In this work, fillers of waste chicken feather and abundantly available lignocellulose Ceiba Pentandra bark fibers were used as reinforcement with Biopoxy matrix to produce the sustainable composites. The aim of this work was to evaluate the mechanical, thermal, dimensional stability, and morphological performance of waste chicken feather fiber/Ceiba Pentandra bark fiber filler as potential reinforcement in carbon fabric-layered bioepoxy hybrid composites intended for engineering applications. These composites were prepared by a simple, low cost and user-friendly fabrication methods. The mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, hardness), dimensional stability, thermal stability, and morphological properties of composites were characterized. The Ceiba Pentandra bark fiber filler-reinforced carbon fabric-layered bioepoxy hybrid composites display better mechanical performance compared to chicken feather fiber/Ceiba Pentandra bark fiber reinforced carbon fabrics layered bioepoxy hybrid composites. The Scanning electron micrographs indicated that the composites exhibited good adhesion at the interface of the reinforcement material and matrix system. The thermogravimetric studies revealed that the composites possess multiple degradation steps, however, they are stable up to 300 °C. The thermos-mechanical studies showed good dimensional stability of the composites. Both studied composites display better thermal and mechanical performance compared to neat bioepoxy or non-bioepoxy thermosets and are suitable for semi-structural applications.

A Novel Study of Synthesis and Experimental Investigation on Hybrid Biocomposites for Biomedical Orthopedic Application

In recent years the biocomposites are highly utilized in the biomedical applications, due to excellent strength as well as weight ratio. A lot of natural fibers, namely, flax, hemp, jute, kenaf, and sisal are cheaply available in colossal amount. Aim of this study, a novel approach, is executed for construction of biomedical orthopedic parts by using mixture of natural fibers. This work handled biocomposites such as flax fiber (FX), chicken feather fiber (CF), kenaf fiber (KF), and rice husk fiber (RH) effectively. From all these composites, four sets of mixed fibers with reinforcement of polylactic acid polymer used for creating orthopedic parts. The hand-lay-based methodology is undertaken for preparation of hybrid biocomposites. Parameters involved for this study are fiber types (KF + RH, RH + FX, FX + CF, and CF + KF), laminate count (2, 4, 6 and 8) infill density (30%, 60%, 90%, and 120%), and raster angle (0/60, 30/120, 50/140, and 70/160). Finding of this work is dimensional accuracy, flexural strength, and shore hardness that are analyzed by L16 orthogonal array. ANOVA statistical analysis is enhanced and enlightens the results of flexural strength and source hardness of the biocomposites. Amongst in four parameters, the fiber type parameter extremely contributes such as 40.50% in the flexural analysis. Similarly, laminate count parameter highly contributes such as 31.01% in the shore hardness analysis.

Comparative Study of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Interlocking Concrete Blocks Reinforced with Chicken Feather Fiber and blend of Chicken Feather Fiber/Synthetic Hair Fibers

Concrete reinforcement with fibers is undergoing findings in order to manufacture concrete with low cost but improve mechanical and microstructural properties. Chicken feather fiber(CFF) possesses characteristics, which can improve the mechanical and microstructural properties of the concrete. Concrete is a brittle material with no tension. In this study, samples A (control sample), B1 and C1 constitute of 0%, 1% and 3% by weight of CFF while B and C constitute of 0.5% and 1.5% equal proportion of CFF and Synthetic hair fiber(SHF) respectively. Concrete with CFF and CFF/SHF composites were tested to determine water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), compressive strength (CS) and splitting tensile strength (STS) between 7 to 28 days of curing. Results of WA of concrete increased after 28 days to 10.01%, 12.52% and 23.11% for samples A, B1, C1 and 11.83% and 17.67% for samples B and C respectively. Similarly, TS increased after 28 days to 0.13%, 0.22% and 0.32% for samples A, B1and C1 and for samples B and C it remains stable at 0.25%., respectively. CS of samples A and B1 increased with curing days to values of 20.66 MPa and 9.36 MPa, respectively. However, for samples C1, B and C it decreased to 3.74 MPa, 9.98 MPa and 4.29 MPa. STS of A, B1 and C1 increased with curing days with values of 13.94 MPa, 8.91 MPa and 2.26 MPa respectively while samples B and C decreased with curing days with values of 5.43 MPa and 2.39 MPa respectively, after 7 days. Results of SEM deduced that CFF improves the ductility of ICBs but increased in the proportion resulted in reduction of the STS of the concrete. Similarly, SHF offers higher CS but also serves the purpose of reduction in micro cracking and increasing structural stability.

EFFECT OF CHICKEN FEATHER WASTE ON CONCRETE MIXING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH

<p>The materials that are often used in the world of construction both in bridges, water structures, and buildings is concrete. The characteristic of concrete is that it is strong withstand compressive forces, but weak in resisting tensile forces. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the characteristics of the concrete. Improving the characteristics of the concrete can be done by applying a fiber mixture to the concrete. There are two types of fibers used as a concrete mixture, namely synthetic fibers and natural fibers. The research conducted was concrete using chicken feather waste fiber which was categorized as natural fiber with a fiber length of 3 cm, the grade of the concrete used was 20 MPa and the percentage of additional chicken feather waste was 0%, 1%, and 2% of the volume of concrete. The test is the compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete using a specimen cylinder 15x30 cm and beam 15x15x60 cm. Each percentage of chicken feather waste that is used as a concrete mixture is 5 samples. From the test results, it was found that the concrete with the addition of 0% chicken feathers obtained an average compressive strength value of 200.78 kg/cm², concrete with the addition of 1% chicken feather fiber, the compressive strength value increased to 215.09 kg/cm² and concrete with the addition of chicken feather fiber 2 % has a compressive strength value of 197.54 kg/cm². Meanwhile, the flexural strength values obtained were 24.00 kg/cm², 23.03 kg/cm², 21.08 kg/cm² for the percentage of 0%, 1% and 2% fibers, respectively. This shows that the concrete with the addition of bristle fibers the chicken has decreased the compressive strength value when it has reached its optimum level. While the addition of the percentage of chicken feathers to the flexural strength value does not have much effect on the flexural strength of the concrete which tends to decrease. This is influenced by the characteristics of the chicken feathers which are difficult to bond with the concrete as well as being easy to absorb water, so that the concrete takes a longer time to dry after the maintenance of the concrete.</p>