homocoupling reaction
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Antibiotics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sofía C. Santamarina ◽  
Daniel A. Heredia ◽  
Andrés M. Durantini ◽  
Edgardo N. Durantini

The widespread use of antibiotics has led to a considerable increase in the resistance of microorganisms to these agents. Consequently, it is imminent to establish new strategies to combat pathogens. An alternative involves the development of photoactive polymers that represent an interesting strategy to kill microbes and maintain aseptic surfaces. In this sense, a conjugated polymer (PZnTEP) based on Zn(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-[4-(ethynyl)phenyl]porphyrin (ZnTEP) was obtained by the homocoupling reaction of terminal alkyne groups. PZnTEP exhibits a microporous structure with high surface areas allowing better interaction with bacteria. The UV-visible absorption spectra show the Soret and Q bands of PZnTEP red-shifted by about 18 nm compared to those of the monomer. Also, the conjugate presents the two red emission bands, characteristic of porphyrins. This polymer was able to produce singlet molecular oxygen and superoxide radical anion in the presence of NADH. Photocytotoxic activity sensitized by PZnTEP was investigated in bacterial suspensions. No viable Staphylococcus aureus cells were detected using 0.5 µM PZnTEP and 15 min irradiation. Under these conditions, complete photoinactivation of Escherichia coli was observed in the presence of 100 mM KI. Likewise, no survival was detected for E. coli incubated with 1.0 µM PZnTEP after 30 min irradiation. Furthermore, polylactic acid surfaces coated with PZnTEP were able to kill efficiently these bacteria. This surface can be reused for at least three photoinactivation cycles. Therefore, this conjugated photodynamic polymer is an interesting antimicrobial photoactive material for designing and developing self-sterilizing surfaces.


Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyin Ye ◽  
Jun-Fa Han ◽  
Peng Guo ◽  
Lin Chen

A highly efficient cobalt-catalyzed homocoupling of terminal alkynes with di-tert-butyldiaziridinone as the oxidant has been developed. The protocol tolerates a wide array of terminal alkynes, both activated and unactivated alkynes, to afford their corresponding conjugated 1,3-diynes. The mild reaction conditions further allow late-stage homocoupling of alkynes derived from complex natural products.


2021 ◽  
pp. 130498
Author(s):  
Masatomo Hattori ◽  
Shin-ichi Yamaura ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Wataru Sakamoto ◽  
Toshinobu Yogo

Tetrahedron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132314
Author(s):  
Hideki Azuma ◽  
Yasuhito Morishima ◽  
Keijin Nakaguro ◽  
Reiko Kato ◽  
Takeshi Nagasaki

Author(s):  
Mohamed Mokhtar ◽  
Ghalia Alzhrani ◽  
Elham S. Aazam ◽  
Tamer S. Saleh ◽  
Sulaiman Al-Faifi ◽  
...  

Tetrahedron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132171
Author(s):  
Jizhe Liang ◽  
Jiasheng Wu ◽  
Yijie Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Zhao ◽  
Chunxue Yuan

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Jian Hou ◽  
Wongi Jang ◽  
Jaehan Yun ◽  
Franklin O. Egemole ◽  
Dianguo Geng ◽  
...  

This report describes the systematic incorporation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) onto mesoporous TiO2 (MPT) particles without strong attractive forces to efficiently serve as reactive and recyclable catalysts in the homocoupling of arylboronic acid in green reaction conditions. Unlike using nonporous TiO2 particles and conventional SiO2 particles as supporting materials, the employment of MPT particles significantly improves the loading efficiency of AuNPs. The incorporated AuNPs are less than 10 nm in diameter, regardless of the amount of applied gold ions, and their surfaces, free from any modifiers, act as highly reactive catalytic sites to notably improve the yields in the homocoupling reaction. The overall physical properties of the AuNPs integrated onto the MPT particles are thoroughly examined as functions of the gold content, and their catalytic functions, including the rate of reaction, activation energy, and recyclability, are also evaluated. While the rate of reaction slightly increases with the improved loading efficiency of AuNPs, the apparent activation energies do not clearly show any correlation with the size or distribution of the AuNPs under our reaction conditions. Understanding the formation of these types of composite particles and their catalytic functions could lead to the development of highly practical, quasi-homogeneous catalysts in environmentally friendly reaction conditions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiasheng Wu ◽  
Jizhe Liang ◽  
Yijie Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Zhao ◽  
Chunxue Yuan

A porous hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne is synthesized via the dehalogenative homocoupling reaction of terminal alkynyl bromides under mild conditions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 877-883
Author(s):  
Fengtian Wu ◽  
Chenlong Nan ◽  
Jianwei Xie ◽  
Mingyang Ma

A catalyst system derived from commercially available Cu(NO3)2.3H2O and 2,5- dihydroxyterephthalic acid is applied to the homocoupling reaction of arylboronic acids. This transformation provides a convenient approach to symmetrical biaryls with good to excellent yields (39%- 95%), and exhibits good functional group compatibility. Furthermore, biaryl can be prepared in gram quantities in good yield.


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