Mediating effect of Maternal and Paternal Family Relationship between Neuroticism and Postpartum Depression: The Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effect of family relationship between personality traits and postpartum depression by using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM).Methods: Participants were 197 married couples within one year of childbirth. The APIMeM using path analysis was used to determine direct and indirect effects of personality and family relationships on postpartum depression between wives and husbands in AMOS 22.0.Results: Data showed an actor effect suggesting that the higher the neuroticism level in wives, the higher the postpartum depression level. In husbands, data indicated an actor effect suggesting that the higher the neuroticism level in husbands, the higher the postpartum depression level; however, neither wives nor husbands showed a partner effect. Data showed an actor effect suggesting that the higher the family relationship level for both wives and husbands, the lower the postpartum depression level; however, neither wives nor husbands showed a partner effect. Data showed a mediating effect of neuroticism in wives on postpartum depression through the family relationship.Conclusion: The study results indicate that, to prevent postpartum depression, it is necessary to develop a nursing intervention program for couples that can improve the personalities and family relationship of couples.

NON-DIMENSIONALISATION OF LATERAL DISTANCES BETWEEN VESSELS OF DISSIMILAR SIZES FOR INTERACTION EFFECT STUDIES

To date, most of the hydrodynamic interaction studies between a tug and a ship during ship assist manoeuvers have been carried out using model scale investigations. It is however difficult to establish how well results from these studies represent full scale interaction behaviour. This is further exacerbated by the lack of proven methodologies to non- dimensionalise the relative distances between the two vessels, enabling the comparison of model and full scale interaction effect data, as well as between vessels of dissimilar size ratios. This study investigates a suitable correlation technique to non-dimensionalise the lateral distance between vessels of dissimilar sizes, and a scaling option for interaction effect studies. It focuses on the interaction effects on a tug operating around the forward shoulder of a tanker at different lateral distances during ship assist operations. The findings and the non-dimensioning method presented in this paper enable the interaction effects determined for a given ship-to-tug ratio to be used to predict the safe operational distances for other ship-to-tug ratios.

Standard for the Quantification of a Sterilization Effect Using an Artificial Intelligence Disinfection Robot

Recent outbreaks and the worldwide spread of COVID-19 have challenged mankind with unprecedented difficulties. The introduction of autonomous disinfection robots appears to be indispensable as consistent sterilization is in desperate demand under limited manpower. In this study, we developed an autonomous navigation robot capable of recognizing objects and locations with a high probability of contamination and capable of providing quantified sterilization effects. In order to quantify the 99.9% sterilization effect of various bacterial strains, as representative contaminants with robots operated under different modules, the operating parameters of the moving speed, distance between the sample and the robot, and the radiation angle were determined. We anticipate that the sterilization effect data we obtained with our disinfection robot, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time, will serve as a type of stepping stone, leading to practical applications at various sites requiring disinfection.

PSX-B-20 Effect of shifting from forage to high grain diet on chewing, feed sorting and lying behavior of cows supplemented with or without a phytogenic additive

The aim was to evaluate the effect of changing from forage to a high grain diet on chewing, feed sorting and lying behavior of cows supplemented with or without a phytogenic feed additive. Nine cows were blocked in two groups and used in a change-over design. Each experimental run consisted of one week of forage feeding, one week of diet transition, and four weeks of high grain feeding (65% concentrate). During the washout period of 10 weeks between the two runs, cows grazed on pasture. Cows were fed either a control diet (CON) or a diet with a phytogenic additive (PHY) based on menthol, thymol and eugenol. Data on chewing, feed sorting and lying behavior were analyzed using SAS with week of feeding and supplementation as fixed effects, and cow as random effect. Data across weeks from the same cow were processed using a first order variance-covariance structure matrix taking into account that the covariance decays with time. We found a reduction (P < 0.01) in rumination time by 53% with diet change. Within the high grain feeding, rumination reached lowest value in the second week (160 min/d). The high grain diet increased (P < 0.01) selection for long size particles by 20%. Although lying time was not affected immediately after diet change, it increased (P < 0.01) by 8% from the second week of high grain consumption. In the fourth week of grain feeding, there was a tendency for PHY to increase rumination (P = 0.07) and total chewing time (P = 0.10), but with no effect on sorting for fiber or lying time. The high grain diet decreased chewing and standing time, and increased sorting for fibrous ingredients especially after one week of feeding. The phytogenic feed additive may contribute to stimulate chewing in long term supplementation.

Applications

Chapter Four asks what happens when the physical markers of identity are rendered in the language of digital code. In the contemporary moment, fingerprints and DNA profiles are stored and matched through networked databases rather than paper records, while iris scans and facial recognition technology have produced radically new modes of reading identity in the body. This digitization of identification is accentuated still further when the more mundane means of identifying oneself in the contemporary period (through the use of credit cards or in ‘checking in’ to a workplace) are considered. Taking place within an essentially surveillant contemporary culture, these validations of identity create a retrievable record of one’s movements and activities and place the citizen’s body in the ‘non-place’ of networked databases in which a direct checking of what Haggerty and Ericson describe as ‘data doubles’ takes place. As with Chapter Three, much of the significance that is attached to this development in recent identificatory practice will be developed via Powers’s The Gold Bug Variations. This explication will cede into a more thorough analysis of Don DeLillo’s White Noise (1984) and Cosmopolis (2003) and Jennifer Egan’s Look at Me (2001). While DeLillo’s earlier text represents some of the archetypal modes of contemporary surveillance, both Cosmopolis and Look at Me depict a complete internalization of its logic. Thus, just as DeLillo and Egan’s central characters voluntarily place themselves under surveillant monitoring, so too their representation as, in effect, data doubles requires a decidedly anti-realist form of narration.

Deformed quantum mechanics and the Landau problem

A deformation of the Landau problem based on a modification of Fock algebra is considered. Systems with the Hamiltonians [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the Landau Hamiltonian in the lowest level are discussed. The case [Formula: see text] is studied and it is shown that in this particular example, parameters of the problem can be fixed by using the quadratic Zeeman effect data and the Breit–Rabi formula.

Environmental fate and effects assessment of human pharmaceuticals: lessons learnt from regulatory data

Human pharmaceuticals are extensively studied and assessed before marketing approval. Since 2006, this also includes an assessment of environmental risks. In the European Union, this is based on the guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use (EMEA/CHMP/SWP/4447/00 corr 2), which is currently under revision. For Germany, the German Environment Agency (UBA) is tasked with the evaluation of environmental risks of human pharmaceuticals. Applicants seeking approval of medicinal products need to submit fate and effect data, in case predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) exceed 10 ng/L in surface waters, or the substance is of specific concern through its mode of action or physico-chemical characteristics.Over the last decade, this regulatory work resulted in an internal agency database containing effect data on approximately 300 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). A considerable part of this data is currently not publicly available due to property rights held by the respective applicants. The database was evaluated to draw conclusions on how the current assessment approach may be improved.The evaluation of aquatic effect data shows considerable variation in ecotoxic effect concentrations, but supports the current use of 10 ng/L as PEC action limit. For endocrine-active substances and antibiotics, a clear sensitivity profile was observed, which allows a more targeted assessment in the future. The conclusions drawn from terrestrial effect data are less clear, as the database itself is biased because information is only available for substances with high sorption. Further adaptations of the terrestrial assessment strategy, including action triggers, appear necessary. Fate data show a high persistence of many APIs: approximately 43% of all APIs are classified as very persistent; 12% of these show DT50 values in a range where abiotic or biotic degradation is not expected.Overall, the evaluation has shown that improvements of the current guideline are possible.

Greenwash, moral decoupling, and brand loyalty

Along with the prevalence of green marketing, greenwash has also grown in the past decade. We investigated whether greenwash undermines consumers' brand loyalty, and how moral decoupling moderates this effect. Data were collected from a survey of 427 consumers, and the hypotheses were tested by regression analysis. The empirical results show that greenwash had a negative effect on consumers' brand loyalty, the effect of which was stronger at lower levels of moral decoupling. Thus, we recommend that brands eliminate the detrimental greenwash practice and increase the transparency of their environmental performance, and that governments and environmental organizations enhance consumer education to prevent moral decoupling.

Feature encoding modulates cue-based retrieval: Modeling interference effects in both grammatical and ungrammatical sentences

Studies on similarity-based interference in subject-verb agreement dependencies have found a consistent facilitatory effect in ungrammatical sentences but no conclusive effect in grammatical sentences. Existing models propose that interference is caused either by a faulty representation of the input (encoding-based models) or by difficulty in retrieving the subject based on cues at the verb (retrieval-based models). Neither class of model captures the observed patterns in human reading time data. We propose a new model that integrates a feature encoding mechanism into an existing cue-based retrieval model. Our model outperforms the cue-based retrieval model in explaining interference effect data from both grammatical and ungrammatical sentences. We argue that our integrated encoding and retrieval model can provide a basis for experimental and modeling work on understanding interference effects in sentence comprehension.