A COMPARISON OF TURKEY-MALAYSIA LADM COUNTRY PROFILE FOR 3D CADASTRE PURPOSES

This paper summarises the comparison of Turkish and Malaysian cadastral registration systems based on the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM, ISO 2012) associated with 2D and 3D cadastral situations. Literature review shows that many countries propose their profile based on the LADM, such as The Netherlands, Australia/ Queensland, China, Greece and others. Turkey and Malaysia are some of the potential candidates for the LADM based country profile, as described in this paper. The study presents a detailed overview of the Turkish and Malaysian cadastral system, and LADM-based country profiles developed by the two countries are compared thanks to the common ontology offered by LADM.

AN APPLICATION OF CADASTRAL FABRIC SYSTEM IN IMPROVING POSITIONAL ACCURACY OF CADASTRAL DATABASES IN MALAYSIA

Cadastral fabric is perceived as a feasible solution to improve the speed, efficiency and quality of the cadastral measurement data to implement Positional Accuracy Improvement (PAI) and to support Coordinated Cadastral System (CCS) and Dynamic Coordinated Cadastral System (DCCS) in Malaysia. In light of this, this study aims to propose a system to upgrade the positional accuracy of the existing cadastral system through the utilisation of the cadastral fabric system. A comprehensive investigation on the capability of the proposed system is carried out. A total of four evaluation aspects is incorporated in the study to investigate the feasibility and capability of the software, viz. performance of geodetic least squares adjustment, quality assurance techniques, supporting functions, and user friendliness. This study utilises secondary data obtained from the Department of Surveying and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM). The test area is coded as Block B21701 which is located in Selangor, Malaysia. Results show that least square adjustment for the entire network is completed in a timely manner. Various quality assurance techniques are implementable, namely error ellipses, magnitude of correction vectors and adjustment trajectory, as well as inspection of adjusted online bearings. In addition, the system supports coordinate versioning, coordinates of various datum or projection. Last but not least, user friendliness of the system is identified through the software interface, interaction and automation functions. With that, it is concluded that the proposed system is highly feasible and capable to create a Cadastral Fabric to improve the positional accuracy of existing cadastral system used in Malaysia.

A survey on the evolution of the Chinese cadastral system

Cadastral system plays a pivotal role in land administration, which has attracted notable attention from researchers and policy-makers worldwide. Despite China being the most populous country throughout the world, its cadastral system is rarely studied. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey on the evolution of the Chinese cadastral system by elaborating the historical and contemporary Chinese cadastre. Specifically, contemporary Chinese cadastre is articulated from the aspects including content and purpose, legal basis, organization, and technical approaches, and compared with Swiss and Hong Kong cadastre. It is concluded that the Chinese cadastre evolved in a different way from that of the western countries due to China’s unique historical and economic background. This study sheds light on systematically understanding the development of the Chinese cadastre and further refining contemporary Chinese cadastral system.

3D Underground Property Rights of Transportation Infrastructures: Case Study of Piraeus Metro Station, Greece

Underground development covers a wide range of underground uses, transportation and infrastructures networks; water and energy storage facilities; municipal spaces, housing, business and manufacturing facilities; and overall exploitation of Urban Underground Space (UUS). According to the Greek legal framework on properties underground, transportation networks, such as the metro, are developed deep enough that no compensation is due to surface parcel owners, which are usually a public entity. The current Greek cadastral system is two-dimensional and there are no records for underground transportation networks. As the need for the exploitation of UUS is arising, especially in densely populated Greek cities, such as Athens, the detailed documentation of transportation networks 3D underground property rights is essential. Herein is presented the technical and legal definition of the 3D underground property rights of the Piraeus Metro Station that is constructed in Piraeus Municipality UUS. Three-dimensional underground models for both Piraeus Station and official cadastral parcels are created so as to identify their 3D spatial intersection. For the identification of their legal and spatial status in 2D, the UUS was subdivided into layers in respect to the station’s vertical infrastructure and then correlated to the current cadastral 2D spatial data. The presented 3D underground property rights of Greece’s major urban underground transportation network facilitates its registration in the current 2D Greek cadastral system and contributes to the better understanding and the identification of legal and technical aspects of UUS rights in Greece.

GIS technologies and consistency of the inventory system in the administration of objects of the ecological system

Аbstract. Problem. Nowadays, GIS-technologies allow you to store various data stores. The existing state cadastral administration systems in Ukraine need to be linked. Today, cadastre systems are distinguished – state land cadastre, natural resource cadastre, real estate cadastre, urban planning cadastre, environmental cadastre, mineral cadastre, water cadastre. Goal. All these administration systems have their own databases, but do not have a common administration system. So in the state cadastre of natural resources there are objects of the natural reserve fund, their area, approximate location is listed, but there is no information in the state land cadastre about the location of such objects, there are no geodetic coordinates, these objects are not displayed on the public cadastral map of Ukraine. We investigated the Kuplevatsky natural reserve fund in the Barvenkovsky district of the Kharkiv region, which has been listed as an NRF object since 1992, but there is no information about this object in the state cadastral administration system. Methodology. Our research, after geodetic survey of the territory and computer processing of the results, obtained a digital cartographic image of the NRF object in the Digitals software package. Results. Afterthat, we entered into the information layers of the administration of the state land cadastre information about the NRF object and linked it with the ecological cadastral system.

The actual problems of cadastral system used for evaluation of agricultural land

The article is about the formation of a new system of state cadastral evaluation of real estate after the coming into force the Federal Law "State Cadastral Evaluation". An analysis of the results of the first round (2018-2019) of the state cadastral evaluation carried out according to the new rules is presented in the paper by example of agricultural lands in the Central Federal District of Russia. The author proposed the scheme of the new cadastral evaluation system.

The Legal Element of Fixing the Boundary for Indonesian Complete Cadastre

In 2017, the Indonesian government implemented the systematic land registration (PTSL) process, projected to be finished by 2025. However, this process faces some challenges in the spatial and legal data collection process, resulting in the Indonesian cadastral system still being incomplete. For instance, during the three years of its implementation, out of about 135 million parcels, only 49.5% have been registered. Therefore, the level of completeness needs to be improved. This research aims to assess the compliance of the fixed boundary process' legal elements, such as the parties that locate the boundary, agreement between the adjoining landowners, and boundary markers. This is a piece of qualitative research in which the data were obtained through interviews from questionnaire surveys to land administration policymakers. Subsequently, the research carried out regulation assessments to develop a country-context cadastre typology of the current cadastral mapping activities. Data were obtained from the results of the PTSL campaign in the Madiun regency. The result showed that the high percentage (i.e., 96.61%) of legal elements regarding the boundary agreement in a rural area could be used as a potential enabler towards achieving completion of the Indonesian cadastre.

3D Modeling of the Cadastre and the Spatial Representation of Property

An emerging technology, three-dimensional (3D) cadastres as extensions to the current parcel-based or two-dimensional (2D) cadastre, has been developed to meet the management of 3D urban land use and 3D properties. This chapter provides a brief review of the key issues of 3D cadastre and the spatial representation of ownership. In order to understand the importance of legislation for developing modeling technology for 3D property, the legislative context of ownership is addressed in specific reference to China. In light of spatial rights of land-use space, a 3D spatial model of property is presented in terms of polyhedra with four-layer structures. Being compatible with the existing 2D cadastre, this 3D spatial data structure is suitable as a hybrid cadastral system for 2D and 3D property and provides an available means to spatially represent 3D property with integrity. By analyzing the heterogeneity of the land space used for property, the ownership of condominiums with internal structure is addressed and spatial representation of ownership is presented by instantiation in a case study in China.

THE CONCEPT AND FEATURES OF CADASTRAL ACTIVITY

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of cadastral activity as a legal category, which will further contribute to an in-depth understanding of this phenomenon and protection of the rights of owners and land users of land plots as objects of such activity. The article argues that the implementation of land cadastral activities involves active actions of authorized bodies, whose competence is also related to the implementation of cadastral activities and ensuring the functions of the State Land Cadastre. It is concluded that land cadastral activity can be considered an act of manifestation of legally defined, scientifically justified actions aimed at ensuring the technical, production and management activities of the relevant entities, which include public authorities and local governments, research institutions, land management organizations, etc., aimed at maintaining the land cadastre, organization and implementation of land cadastral works. It is substantiated that the maintenance of land cadastre, which should be considered as a complete information base, which contains information on the purpose and use, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land, due to the objective needs of society in obtaining accurate and reliable information about land as a source of material goods and object property rights and taxation. Based on the analysis of legislative norms on cadastral activity in Ukraine, it is argued that the land cadastral system should additionally include information on resources that for some reason were left without an owner, or have errors in design; plots that have an owner, but are not used or inefficiently used in economic activities. This will allow to form a multilevel structure of the land market, increase the efficiency of state management of land resources in the country. The methodology of research of essence and signs of land cadastral activity is based on provisions of the general scientific dialectical method of scientific knowledge. In addition, formal-legal and formal-logical methods were used for full and comprehensive disclosure of the research topic.