enteropathogenic escherichia coli
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Author(s):  
Kaiwen Xue ◽  
Ruijie Tao ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhongyang Sun ◽  
...  

The human gut microbiota has been proven to have great effects on the regulation of bone health. However, the association between gut microbiota and particle-induced osteolysis, which is the primary cause of aseptic loosening, is still unknown. In this study, we used a combination of wide-spectrum antibiotics to eliminate the majority of gut microbiota and found that reduction of gut commensal bacteria significantly alleviated the progression of osteolysis, in which anaerobe was the biggest culprit in the exacerbation of osteolysis. Furthermore, colonization of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a subspecies of anaerobe, could promote the development of particle-induced osteolysis by increasing the secretion of peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from the colon. Elevated 5-HT level decreased the phosphorylation of CREB and inhibited the proliferation of osteoblasts. Collectively, these results indicated EPEC colonization suppressed the bone formation and aggravated particle-induced osteolysis in vivo. Thus, clearance of EPEC is expected to become a potential preventive approach to treat debris-induced osteolysis and aseptic loosening.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivan Pearl Mizrahi ◽  
Netanel Elbaz ◽  
Liron Argaman ◽  
Yael Altuvia ◽  
Naama Katsowich ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
shima sherif ◽  
Saad Saad ◽  
Fatin Hassanin ◽  
marionette Nassif

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-291
Author(s):  
OL Okunye ◽  
BM Okanlawon ◽  
PA Idowu ◽  
O Adeleye ◽  
OC Fasuyi

Background: Sorghum is a nutrient-rich grain ground into flour to make different types of delicacies, and it has been reported to possess probiotic potentials. Objective: To assess the antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum obtained from sorghum slurry on strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli from cases of diarrhoea. Methods: A total of 36 samples of wet-milled sorghum slurry and liquor pH were obtained and cultured on MRSA and were, after that, biochemically characterized for Lactobacillus plantarum, which was tested by agar well diffusion against 15 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of diarrhoea. Results: Microbiological analysis of the 36 samples of sorghum explored produced 15 isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum. A progressive increase in acidity in relation to an increase in the period of fermentation was observed. Ninety-five per cent of the Escherichia coli strains showed resistance against some standard antibiotics. At the same time, the isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum obtained inhibited isolates of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli tested, showing potential usefulness of the sorghum slurry as a probiotic. Conclusion: The inhibitory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from sorghum slurry showed antimicrobial potentials that could be used for therapeutic purposes in treating diarrhoea caused by   Escherichia coli, pending further investigation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Elizabeth Waturangi ◽  
Cecillia Pingkan Kasriady ◽  
Geofany Guntama ◽  
Amelinda Minerva Sahulata ◽  
Diana Lestari ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to characterize lytic bacteriophages infecting enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) on several types of food and analyze their ability as phage biocontrol to be used as a food preservative. Characterization was done for bacteriophage morphology and stability, along with the determination of minimum multiplicity of infection (miMOI), and application of bacteriophage in the food matrix. Results Out of the five samples, BL EPEC bacteriophage exhibited the highest titer of 2.05  ×  109 PFU/mL, with a wide range of pH tolerance, and high thermal tolerance. BL EPEC also showed the least reduction after 168 h of incubation, with a rate of 0.90  ×  10–3 log10 per hour. Bacteriophages from BL EPEC and CS EPEC showed an ideal value of miMOI of 0.01. As a food preservative, BL EPEC bacteriophage was able to reduce bacteria in food samples with a reduction above 0.24 log10 in lettuce and approximately 1.84 log10 in milk. From this study we found that BL EPEC bacteriophage showed the greatest potential to be used as phage biocontrol to improve food safety


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Park

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a diarrheagic pathogen that has been the cause of severe and persistent infant diarrhea worldwide. EPEC invades the gastrointestinal tract where it hijacks host cell signaling and evades immune response long enough to cause the disease. This study was done to establish the role of PI3K signaling in EPEC induced apoptosis in epithelial cells. This report demonstrates that EPEC infected cells activate the anti-apoptotic signaling protein Akt via phosphorylation along with another anti-apoptotic signaling protein, Bcl-2. At the same time during EPEC infection the pro-aptoptotic protein Bax is inhibited. The activation of Akt was also observed with the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of serum. This thesis suggests that there are likely separate sensing mechanisms for EPEC, LPS and serum that are independent but synergistic and that Akt is the integration site of these signaling cascades.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Park

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a diarrheagic pathogen that has been the cause of severe and persistent infant diarrhea worldwide. EPEC invades the gastrointestinal tract where it hijacks host cell signaling and evades immune response long enough to cause the disease. This study was done to establish the role of PI3K signaling in EPEC induced apoptosis in epithelial cells. This report demonstrates that EPEC infected cells activate the anti-apoptotic signaling protein Akt via phosphorylation along with another anti-apoptotic signaling protein, Bcl-2. At the same time during EPEC infection the pro-aptoptotic protein Bax is inhibited. The activation of Akt was also observed with the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of serum. This thesis suggests that there are likely separate sensing mechanisms for EPEC, LPS and serum that are independent but synergistic and that Akt is the integration site of these signaling cascades.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Gromova ◽  
Elena I. Ermolenko ◽  
Anastasiya L. Sepp ◽  
Yulia V. Dmitrieva ◽  
Anna S. Alekseeva ◽  
...  

In recent years, great interest has arisen in the use of autoprobiotics (indigenous bacteria isolated from the organism and introduced into the same organism after growing). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of indigenous bifidobacteria on intestinal microbiota and digestive enzymes in a rat model of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis. Our results showed that indigenous bifidobacteria (the Bf group) accelerate the disappearance of dyspeptic symptoms in rats and prevent an increase in chyme mass in the upper intestine compared to the group without autoprobiotics (the C1 group), but significantly increase the mass of chyme in the colon compared to the C1 group and the control group (healthy animals). In the Bf group in the gut microbiota, the content of opportunistic bacteria (Proteus spp., enteropathogenic Escherichia coli) decreased, and the content of some beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium spp., Dorea spp., Blautia spp., the genus Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Oscillospira) changed compared to the control group. Unlike the C1 group, in the Bf group there was no decrease in the specific activities of maltase and alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa of the upper intestine, but the specific activity of maltase was decreased in the colon chyme compared to the control and C1 groups. In the Bf group, the specific activity of aminopeptidase N was reduced in the duodenum mucosa and the colon chyme compared to the control group. We concluded that indigenous bifidobacteria can protect the microbiota and intestinal digestive enzymes in the intestine from disorders caused by dysbiosis; however, there may be impaired motor function of the colon.


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