An Analysis Of Freestyle Swimming Technique on Students the Physical Education, Health And Leisure Study Program

The purpose of the study. The purpose of this study is to describe the technique of freestyle swimming in terms of: body position, hand movements, foot movements, breath taking movements and movement coordination. Materials and methods. Determine the level of mastery of the freestyle swimming technique in the students of the Physical Education Study Program at the Universitas Pahlawan who attend basic swimming lectures. Is it classified as very good, good, less or less. This research is descriptive, the population of this research is 20 students. Results. the level of mastery of technique on the body position indicator is 66% and the error rate is 34%, then the hand rotation indicator is 66 % and the error rate is 34%, then the foot movement indicator (Kicking) is 70% and the error rate is 30%. Furthermore, the level of mastery of techniques in breathing (breating) is 68.5% and the error rate is 30%, then the level of mastery of techniques in coordination is 68.5% and the error rate is 31.5%. Conclusions. Concluded that the level of mastery of technique on each indicator of the freestyle swimming technique

Parent-child nonverbal engagement during read versus sung book-sharing in preschoolers with and without ASD

Providing natural opportunities that scaffold interpersonal engagement is important for supporting social interactions for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Musical activities are often motivating, familiar, and predictable, and may support both children and their interaction partners by providing opportunities for shared social engagement. We assessed multiple facets of nonverbal social engagement—child and caregiver visual attention and interpersonal movement coordination—during musical (song) and non-musical (picture) book-sharing contexts in caregiver–child dyads of preschoolers with ( n = 13) and without ( n = 16) ASD. Overall, children with ASD demonstrated reduced visual attention during the book sharing activity, as well as reduced movement coordination with their caregivers, compared to children with typical development. Children in both diagnostic groups, as well as caregivers, demonstrated greater visual attention (gaze toward the activity and/or social partner) during song books compared to picture books. Visual attention behavior was correlated between children and caregivers in the ASD group but only in the song book condition. Findings highlight the importance of considering how musical contexts impact the behavior of both partners in the interaction. Musical activities may support social engagement by modulating the behavior of both children and caregivers.

The reserve of joint torque determines movement coordination

Humans coordinate biomechanical degrees of freedom to perform tasks at minimum cost. When reaching a target from a seated position, the trunk-arm-forearm coordination moves the hand to the well-defined spatial goal, while typically minimising hand jerk and trunk motion. However, due to fatigue or stroke, people visibly move the trunk more, and it is unclear what cost can account for this. Here we show that people recruit their trunk when the torque at the shoulder is too close to the maximum. We asked 26 healthy participants to reach a target while seated and we found that the trunk contribution to hand displacement increases from 11 to 27% when an additional load is handled. By flexing and rotating the trunk, participants spontaneously increase the reserve of anti-gravitational torque at the shoulder from 25 to 40% of maximal voluntary torque. Our findings provide hints on how to include the reserve of torque in the cost function of optimal control models of human coordination in healthy fatigued persons or in stroke victims.

Bimanual Movements and Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation: Looking Back and Looking Forward

Executing voluntary motor actions in the upper extremities after a stroke is frequently challenging and frustrating. Although spontaneous motor recovery can occur, reorganizing the activation of the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area takes a considerable amount of time involving effective rehabilitation interventions. Based on motor control theory and experience-dependent neural plasticity, stroke protocols centered on bimanual movement coordination are generating considerable evidence in overcoming dysfunctional movements. Looking backward and forward in this comprehensive review, we discuss noteworthy upper extremity improvements reported in bimanual movement coordination studies including force generation. Importantly, the effectiveness of chronic stroke rehabilitation approaches that involve voluntary interlimb coordination principles look promising.

The relationship of arm muscle strength, limb muscle explosive and movement coordination with swimming speed bracelet on students of physical education, health and recreation

This study aims to determined the relationship arm muscle strength, limb muscle explosive and movement coordination with coordination with swimming speed bracelet on students PENJASKESREK at Serambi Mekkah University. The population in this studied were all student PENJASKESREK at Serambi Mekkah University. Based on the purposive sampling technique, the samples totaling 30 students who had passed the T.P. Basic Swimming and T.P. Advanced Swimming. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that arm muscle strength gave a relationship of 0.52 to the speed of breaststroke swimming in students, limb muscle explosive gave a relationship of 0.44 to the speed of breaststroke swimming to students, movement coordination gave a relationship of 0,42 with the speed of breaststroke swimming to students. The concluded that arm muscle strength, limb muscle explosive and movement coordination were related by 0.79 with the breaststroke swimming speed on Students at Serambi Mekkah University. So the hypothesis that the author proposed was accepted as true.

When Musical Accompaniment Allows the Preferred Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Movement

A musical accompaniment is often used in movement coordination and stability exercise modalities, although considered obstructive for their fundament of preferred movement pace. This study examined if the rhythmic strength of musical excerpts used in movement coordination and exercise modalities allows the preferred spatio-temporal pattern of movement. Voluntary and spontaneous body sway (70 s) were tested (N=20 young women) in a non-musical (preferred) and two rhythmic strength (RS) musical conditions (Higher:HrRS, Lower:LrRS). The center of pressure trajectory was used for the body sway spatio-temporal characteristics (Kistler forceplate, 100 Hz). Statistics included paired t-tests between each musical condition and the non-musical one, as well as between musical conditions (p≤0.05). Results indicated no significant difference between the musical and the non-musical conditions (p>0.05). The HrRS differed significantly from LrRS only in the voluntary body sway, with increased sway duration (p=0.03), center of pressure path (p=0.04) and velocity (p=0.01). The findings provide evidence-based support for the rhythmic strength recommendations in movement coordination and stability exercise modalities. The HrRS to LrRS differences in voluntary body sway most possibly indicate that low-frequency musical features rather than just tempo and pulse clarity are also important.