ANALYSIS OF THE VIABILITY OF LIFESTYLE AUDIT AS AN ANTI-CORRUPTION TOOL IN KENYA

Purpose: The main objective of this paper was to assess whether lifestyle audit as an anti-corruption tool is viable. Methodology: The study was based on a desk review of existing studies and documented statistics. Further, legal framework and case laws were cited. A narrative analysis was performed and at this point the information was interpreted by comparing the results with the results of other empirical studies. This information was interpreted using the “stories in the stories” and linked to the existing literature. Results: The study found that lifestyle audit is a viable tool for fighting corruption. However, there are challenges in the legal framework, particularly on the implementation. The study noted that the viability of lifestyle audits depends on judicial interpretation, political will and more importantly addressing of the current software and hardware issues existing in the current legal framework. Recommendation: The study calls for political will to ensure the Lifestyle Audit Bill 2019 is not watered down by judicial interpretation. It further recommends that the political will should be accompanied by executive action to fight corruption through wealth declaration.

Development of a long-term care self-efficacy improvement programme for families living with people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment

Associate Professor Satomi Maruo, Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan, is developing programmes to help families care for their elderly relatives, particularly those with dementia. Her current programme effectively integrates four key sources of self efficacy. A key part of the programme is improving carers' knowledge bases in order to improve their ability to look after their relatives and enhancing self-efficacy, including 'verbal persuasion' and 'emotional arousal'. Another important element of this work is providing a space for carers to discuss their experiences and understand that they are not alone; otherwise known as 'vicarious experience'. In addition, through the programme, Maruo provides carers with examples of hypothetical situations they might encounter with their relatives and works through these with them, instilling new ideas and perspectives and leading to the 'achievement of executive action'. Self-efficacy is a key theme of this work and, in the context of dementia care, it implies mastery of the skills needed by carers to care for their relatives and observe subsequent improvements in cognitive state. This involves anticipating and adapting to changing circumstances, with symptoms of dementia changing regularly over time.

Narrative Building in State Education Intervention: Framing the Takeover Attempt of Houston Independent School District

This case study uses the approach by the Texas government to attempt a state takeover of Houston Independent School District (HISD) to examine the impact of framing on awareness and acceptance of executive action. This work extends recent studies in Georgia and Massachusetts that find stakeholder relationships, the role of Republican governors, and assigning blame as key components of takeover analysis. Using framing analysis, this case study analyzes the impact that framing the takeover action and approach has on these relationships. These findings present an understanding of how narrative construction makes an executive action consistent with administrative and political power to gain acceptability.

Where Is Presidential Power? Measuring Presidential Discretion Using Experts

Presidents' unilateral sway over policy is of global concern to scholars, practitioners and the general public. While pending actions provoke media speculation about how much authority presidents have to change policy without legislatures, scholarship has yet to systematically measure presidential discretion across areas of public policy. This study surveys an interdisciplinary panel of scholars, using discrete choice experiments to estimate the latent level of discretion that US presidents have in fifty-four policy areas. Consistent with models of delegation and unilateralism, these measures confirm that presidents have more discretion in foreign affairs, and that discretion promotes executive action. This approach presents the opportunity to examine differences in presidential discretion and public perceptions of presidential power, and can be applied beyond the US case.

1. What is Public Law?

Titles in the Complete series combine extracts from a wide range of primary materials with clear explanatory text to provide readers with a complete introductory resource. This chapter provides an introduction to public law. Public law regulates the relationships between individuals (and organisations) with the state and its organs. Examples include criminal and immigration law and human rights-related issues. Public law is made up of a number of key principles designed to ensure a healthy, representative, law-abiding country that strikes a balance between the needs of the state and the needs of its citizens. Each of these principles is discussed in turn: the rule of law, separation of powers, representative democracy, supremacy of Parliament, limited and responsible government, and judicial review executive action by the courts.

15. Introduction to judicial review

This chapter looks at the purpose and constitutional significance of judicial review. Where public bodies overreach themselves by acting unlawfully, the judicial review process allows individuals to hold public bodies to account in the courts, ensuring that governmental and public powers are lawfully exercised. This maintains the rule of law by helping to protect the public from the arbitrary or unreasonable exercise of government power. Judicial review is therefore a powerful check and control by the courts on executive action, but it also raises issues of whether the process gives the judiciary too much power over the elected government. There are three preliminary or threshold issues that a claimant needs to satisfy when bringing a judicial review claim. To be amenable to judicial review, the claim must raise a public law matter; it must be justiciable; and the claimant must have standing (locus standi).

THE EXECUTIVE ACTION TAKEN BY THE JUDICIAL BAILIFF-EXECUTOR OUTSIDE OF ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS

The article examines the enforcement action performed by the bailiff-executor in accordance with paragraph 16 of part 1 of Article 64 of the Law on Enforcement Proceedings – checking the correctness of the withholding and transfer of funds under the executive documents presented in the manner prescribed by part 1 of Article 8, part 1 of Article 8.1 and part 1 of Article 9 of the Law on Enforcement Proceedings. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of this action, to determine its place in the list of enforcement actions, and in general in enforcement proceedings. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that checking the correctness of withholding and transferring funds under executive documents is not an enforcement action. In this article, the author considers the specified action as an extra-executive action carried out by the bailiff-executor to control the execution by other bodies and organizations, expressed in conducting an audit in relation to the bodies directly executing the requirements of the executive document and in the event of their failure to bring them to justice. At the same time, in this article, the author considers checking the correctness of the withholding and transfer of funds under executive documents as the control authority of the bailiff, taking into account the provisions of the new Federal Law of 31 July 2020 No. 248-FZ “On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation”. The author makes his proposals for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation on enforcement proceedings.

Biden supports police while condemning gun violence

Headline UNITED STATES: Biden promises executive action on guns