metabolic factor
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Donnelly ◽  
Benjamin I Perry ◽  
Hannah J Jones ◽  
Golam Khandaker

Metabolic and inflammatory disorders commonly co-occur with depression and psychosis, with emerging evidence implicating immuno-metabolic dysfunction in their aetiology. Previous studies have reported metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in adults with depression and psychosis. However, longitudinal studies testing the direction of association, and the effects of different dimensions of early-life immuno-metabolic dysfunction on adult psychopathology, are limited. Using data from 3875 birth cohort participants we examined longitudinal associations of three metabolic hormones (leptin, adiponectin, insulin) at age 9 with risks for depression- and psychosis-spectrum outcomes at age 24. In addition, using nine immuno-metabolic biomarkers, we constructed an exploratory bifactor model showing a general immuno-metabolic factor and three specific factors (adiposity, inflammation, and insulin resistance), which were also used as exposures. Childhood leptin was associated with adult depressive episode (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.28; 95% CI, 1.00-1.64) and negative symptoms (aOR=1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.20). The general immuno-metabolic factor was associated with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and psychotic experiences (aOR=1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.42). The adiposity factor was associated with negative symptoms (aOR=1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.12). All associations tended to be stronger in women, though 95% credible intervals overlapped with that for men. In women, the inflammatory factor was associated with depressive episode (aOR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.47) and atypical depressive symptoms (aOR=1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.19). While general immuno-metabolic dysfunction in childhood may contribute to risks for both psychotic and depressive symptoms in adulthood, childhood adiposity and inflammation are linked to affective (depressive, atypical, and negative) symptoms.


2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1570
Author(s):  
Romy Kreyer ◽  
Ronny Otto ◽  
Hans Lippert ◽  
Ingo Gastinger ◽  
Henry Ptok ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuojun PENG ◽  
Jing TAN ◽  
Yupan CHEN ◽  
Huan ZHAO ◽  
Junlin SHI ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2379-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Davis ◽  
Joseph Indelicato

2014 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. e176
Author(s):  
C. Martínez ◽  
M. Fabregate ◽  
R. Fabregate ◽  
S. Tello-Blasco ◽  
C. Fernández ◽  
...  

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