child immunization
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2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Sinta Nabilah Mulyawati ◽  
Thinni Nurul Rochmah
Keyword(s):  

  Program Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap merupakan suatu upaya yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia dalam rangka pencegahan dan pemutusan mata rantai penularan penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I). Salah satu indikator keberhasilan dari program tersebut adalah Universal Child Immunization (UCI). Pada tahun 2016-2018, Puskesmas Sukorejo Kota Blitar mengalami penurunan capaian kelurahan UCI sebesar 28,56%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan faktor input dan faktor proses Program Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap antara Puskesmas Sukorejo dengan Puskesmas Sananwetan guna menyusun upaya peningkatan cakupan kelurahan UCI di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukorejo. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan metode benchmarking. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan Penanggung jawab Program Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap dari Puskesmas Sukorejo dan Puskesmas Sananwetan. Variabel yang menjadi bahan studi benchmarking antara lain faktor input meliputi petugas imunisasi; dana; sarana dan prasarana; dan kebijakan atau SOP serta faktor proses yang terdiri dari perencanaan; pelaksanaan pelayanan; serta pemantauan dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kebijakan atau SOP, tahap perencanaan, serta tahap pemantauan dan evaluasi yang ada di Puskesmas Sananwetan memiliki kondisi dan pelaksanaan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan Puskesmas Sukorejo. Masalah yang ditemukan antara lain tingginya surviving infant, masih adanya penolakan imunisasi dari beberapa orangtua bayi, mobilitas masyarakat yang tinggi, serta adanya kawasan elite yang sulit dijangkau oleh petugas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah perlunya Puskesmas Sukorejo untuk melakukan benchmark khususnya pada variabel kebijakan atau SOP, tahap perencanaan, serta tahap pemantauan dan evaluasi.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-388
Author(s):  
Mabrooka Altaf ◽  
Tusawar Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Bhatti

The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of female labor force participation on child (under 5-years of age) health in Pakistan. Child health was gauged through child immunization coverage status measured by recording receipt of 22 doses of eight basic vaccines.  A micro data set (i.e., 5872 children) from Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) 2017-2018 was utilized for the study. As per recommendations of the World Health Organization, if a child had received all the 22 doses of those eight important vaccinations, he/she was assumed as highly immunized, and vice versa. The impact of mothers’ employment and other explanatory variables, on child health, was investigated using Ordered logistic regression. The child with higher birth order (OR = 0.927; p-value = 0.000), the child of not-working mother (OR = 0.829; p-value = 0.012), the child of illiterate mothers (OR = 0.606; p-value = 0.000), the child of the mother having no own mobile phone (OR = 0.793; p-value = 0.000), and the child belonged to the poorest family (OR = 0.535; p-value = 0.000) had less likelihood of immunization coverage. Mother’s age (OR = 1.055; p-value = 0.005), number of ANC visits made by the mother (OR = 0.925; p-value = 0.000), and male gender of the child (OR = 1.086; p-value = 0.082) had more probabilities for child immunization coverage. Hence, there is a need to alleviate poverty and gender discrimination as well as to create  opportunities to increase female education, awareness, and labor force participation for better outcomes relating to child health.


Author(s):  
Leli Oktalina ◽  
Murdiningsih ◽  
Sri Handayani

Salah satu target keberhasilan program imunisasi adalah tercapainya Universal Child Immunization (UCI) yang merupakan cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap bayi secara merata pada bayi di 100% desa/kelurahan. Adapun faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap pada bayi antara lain pengetahuan, pendidikan, pekerjaan, sikap, pelayanan imunisasi, motivasi dan informasi imunisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Sikap dan Pengetahuan Ibu dengan ketepatan waktu pemberian imunisasi BCG pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskemas Taman Bacaan Kota Palembang tahun 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang membawa bayinya pada saat jadwal pelayanan imunisasi di Posyandu wilayah kerja Puskesmas Taman Bacaan Kota Palembang bulan Juli dan Agustus Tahun 2021. Pada penelitian ini, sampel diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling, yang mana teknik Accidental Sampling yaitu sejumlah 87 anak. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan Analisa univariat dan analisa bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian ada hubungan antara Pendidikan (p value = 0.000), pekerjaan (p value=0.000), sikap (p value =0,000), dan pengetahuan (p value =0,000) dengan ketepatan waktu pemberian imunisasi BCG pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Taman Bacaan Kota Palembang Tahun 2021. Diharapkan dapat lebih meningkatkan penyuluhan tentang jadwal pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap secara tepat waktu dan memberikan konseling secara langsung kepada masyarakat agar pengetahuan warga setempat dapat bertambah


Author(s):  
Lingsi Alpon ◽  
Ramli ◽  
Marselina Sattu ◽  
Derthan E.F. Polunggu ◽  
Muhammad Syahrir ◽  
...  

Imunisasi merupakan pencegahan primer yang sangat efektif untuk menghindari terjangkitnya penyakit infeksi. Oleh sebab itu, angka kejadian penyakit infeksi akan menurun, kecacatan serta kematian yang ditimbulkannya pun akan berkurang. Sampai saat ini kasus yang ditemukan dilapangan ternyata masih ada ibu-ibu balita yang tidak mau membawa anaknya untuk diberikan imunisasi. Desa Kalumbatan merupakan satu-satunya Desa di Kecamatan Totikum Selatan yang belum mencapai target Universal Child Immunization (UCI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi penyebab ibu balita tidak memberikan imunisasi dasar pada balitanya di Desa Kalumbatan Kecamatan Totikum Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, metode pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam (indepht interview). Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 orang yakni ibu yang memiliki balita 0-59 bulan yang tidak lengkap imunisasi dasar balitanya, kader Posyandu dan petugas kesehatan yang didapatkan menggunakan metode pengambilan informan dengan teknik sampling menggunakan Snow Ball Sampling. Analisis data melalui tiga prosedur yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyebab ibu balita tidak memberikan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada balitanya di Desa Kalumbatan ditemukan 5 informasi yakni : Takut dan trauma balitanya demam setelah diimunisasi, jarak rumah ke Posyandu yang jauh, sibuk dengan pekerjaan, tidak ada dukungan keluarga dan tidak mengetahui informasi jadwal imunisasi. Perlu adanya atau ditingkatkan promosi kesehatan kepada orang tua maupun peserta posyandu terkait peningkatan pemahaman atau pengetahuan tentang manfaat pentingnya imunisasi. Sehingga mampu meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi dasar di kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan khususnya Desa Kalumbatan Kecamatan Totikum Selatan. Immunization is a very effective primary prevention to avoid contracting infectious diseases. Therefore, the incidence of infectious diseases will decrease, the resulting disability and death will also decrease. Until now, the cases found in the field are still mothers of toddlers who do not want to bring their children to be given immunizations. Kalumbatan Village is the only village in South Totikum District that has not yet reached the Universal Child Immunization (UCI) target. This study aims to obtain information on the reasons why mothers of toddlers do not provide basic immunizations for their toddlers in Kalumbatan Village, South Totikum District. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, data collection methods with observation and in-depth interviews (indepht interviews). The informants in this study were 20 people, namely mothers who had toddlers 0-59 months whose basic immunizations were incomplete, Posyandu cadres and health workers who were obtained using the informant retrieval method with a sampling technique using Snow Ball Sampling. Data analysis through three procedures, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the causes of mothers under five who do not provide complete basic immunization to their toddlers in Kalumbatan Village found 5 information, namely: Fear and trauma of toddlers having fever after being immunized, far from home to Posyandu, busy with work, no family support and not knowing information immunization schedule. It is necessary to have or improve health promotion to parents and posyandu participants related to increasing understanding or knowledge about the benefits of the importance of immunization. So as to increase the coverage of basic immunization in Banggai Islands district, especially Kalumbatan Village, South Totikum District. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Iik Hikmah Nurharpiyani ◽  
Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Hamdan Hamdan

Indikator capaian program imunisasi pada bayi yaitu tercapainya target “Universal Child Immunization” atau UCI, yang mana UCI merupakan keadaan pencapaian Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap untuk semua bayi (anak dibawah satu tahun). Desa Paninggaran merupakan desa dengan capaian UCI masih dibawah target sebesar 33,33% dengan hanya mencapai 19,6%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi usia 9-11 bulan di Desa Paninggaran Kecamatan Darma Tahun 2021. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional, populasi dalam penelitian ini ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 9-11 bulan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Total Sampling, dengan jumlah 56 orang, instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kuesioner, analisis menggunakan uji statistik univariat dan bivariat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji statistik univariat menunjukkan bahwa responden yang kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayinya lengkap yaitu 25 responden (44,6%) dan yang tidak lengkap yaitu 31 responden (55,4%). Hasil analisis uji statistik bivariat menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 (< 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara persepsi ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi usia 9-11 bulan di desa Paninggaran kecamatan Darma tahun 2021. Diharapkan kedepannya petugas Puskesmas dan Poskesdes dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi secara tepat dan menyeluruh tidak hanya ke ibu bayi saja tapi pada keluarga maupun masyakarat secara luas.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazrati Zaini ◽  
Norshahidatul Hasana Ishak ◽  
Nur Farahin Mohd Johari ◽  
Nor Aimuni Md Rashid ◽  
Hamizan Hamzah

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rushikesh Khadse ◽  
Badal Thool ◽  
Sunil Sarode

Abstract Background In Maharashtra, child immunization is an essential factor in maternal and child health services and effective in reduced child morbidity and mortality. The study focuses on the prevalence of child immunization in different geographical regions of Maharashtra. It also depicts the immunization status (no immunization, partial immunization, and full immunization) according to various socio-demographic characteristics and determinants of full Immunization and partial Immunization among children of age 12–23 months in Maharashtra Data source and Methodology: The fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) has been used for this study. The univariate analysis and simple chi-square test were conducted to test association. The Multinomial logistic regression model was conducted to determine the determinants of partial and full immunization. Result In the wealth category, the middle and richest are more likely to receive full immunization than the poorest people statically significant effect. In religion, Muslims less likely to receive full Immunization, and Buddhists more likely to use full immunization compare to Hindu people. In the different geographical regions of Maharashtra, North-Maharashtra, West-Maharashtra, Konkan is less likely to have full immunization correspond to the Vidarbha region. Mothers who have any media exposure are more likely to have full immunization compare to no media exposure. Conclusions To conclude, the study shows a need to adopt a multi-pronged strategy while formulating an action plan for immunization by keeping in mind that vaccination is a right of every child. An appropriate proportion of childhood immunization is required to develop “Herd Immunity” to protects other unimmunized children. The most “efficient” and “equitable” way should be chosen to deliver vaccination services to identify the population's risk group. Who has remained unimmunized? As immunization in the different geographical regions in Maharashtra remained very far from the target set by Mission Indradhushya. Hence, there is a need to focus more on responsible socio-demographic factors while implementing immunization services.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Kharisma Nurul Fazrianti Rusman ◽  
Evi Martha

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) or the coronavirus disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a concern around the world, especially in Indonesia. As of January 31, 2021, the total cases of COVID-19 infection in the world reached 103 million with 2.22 million cases. The COVID-19 pandemic threatened to have an impact on health progress and particularly on children's development due to the obstruction of immunization services as a national program. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child immunization services. Methods: The method used was a narrative literature review conducted by synthesizing and analyzing 4 search engines including ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, and SpringerLink. The search for this manuscript found 22 texts that matched the specified topic, namely the impact of the presence of COVID-19 on immunization services in children, searched for the keywords immunization, COVID-19, immunization service, and child. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on changes in immunization services for children who have become obstructed, reduced service coverage, perceptions of parents reflecting the high demand for immunization, and an impact on health status, namely by carrying out routine immunizations resulting in trained immunity and generating immunity. Conclusion: COVID-19 has a special impact on child immunization services. Immunization services must continue to run and carry out according to applicable standards following local government policies by taking into account the principles and guidelines given. Collaboration between the government, the community, non-governmental organizations, and health professionals are needed to prevent a double burden during the COVID-19 pandemic.


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