Assessment of Psychology, Behaviour and Self-Medication Potential Among Indian People During CovID-19 Pandemic

Aim: This research work was done during the Indian festive season of 2020 to assess the attitude, mentality and psychological pattern of Indians. Also, the effect of yoga and meditation in combating the Covid-19 pandemic related stress was analyzed in the present research work. As Paracetamol and Diclofenac are OTC medications which are widely available without doctor’s prescription, the potential of self-medication for these drugs amidst the pandemic need to be studied, this study further attempted to analyze the rate and extent of self-medication of these drugs among Indians. Materials and Methods: An e-questionnaire survey bearing questions on pandemic-related mental stress, sleep duration, yoga, meditation practice, and extent of self-medication in combating the pandemic was floated to the residents of Bengaluru to collect their response. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 17. Results: A mixed response regarding their stress, anxiety, and fear expressed on a higher scale was the same before or during Covid could be perceived. The sleep pattern before and during CoVid had no significant variation (p>0.05) and appeared the same. All the respondents agreed that they spend considerable time with electronic gadgets during the Covid lockdown period. Most of the respondents (60%) practice yoga and meditation occasionally or daily. The high rate of self-medication with Paracetamol and Diclofenac drugs among Indian people in the current pandemic situation shows they are OTC and readily available. The self-medication practice is of real concern as it may cause a long-term impact on the consumers.

Manto and Culture: An Exploration of Cultural Code in Manto’s “My Name is Radha”

This study aims to explore Manto’s short story “My Name is Radha” from a cultural perspective. The purpose of the investigation is to bring the hidden meaning to the surface, which is there but not visible. Manto has used many political, religious, historical, and cultural references in the story, which are significant in the understanding of the researcher. These references have deflected the norms, values, and taboos of Indian society. These are investigated with the help of Barthes, cultural code. This code helps in cultural understanding of the story. The study finds that Manto has used many cultural elements in his text like, bhai, behan, Raksha Bandan, kurta, sari, and panjama. These words provide a vivid description of the Indian people, as well as their culture. Furthermore, this study discovers that Manto has used a unique codec language to portray the way of living of the Indian people. Sometimes he has spoken directly of the cultural taboos and sometimes he has spoken indirectly of the said. The study concludes that the writer has deflected the society through different cultural elements. And these elements help in the true understanding of the text.

#Vaccine: Using Hashtags from Indian Tweets to Capture and Analyse the Sentiments of People on Vaccination for Covid’19 Pandemic

To prevent the public from pandemic Covid’19 the government of India has started the vaccination from mid of January 2021. The government has approved the two vaccines, Covishield from the university of Oxford and Covaxin from Bharat Biotech.The vaccination started with frontline workers and is further extended to common public prioritizing the elders of above 60 years and people aged 45 years above with co morbidities. Though many people have got benefitted from it there is still a group of people not convinced with the vaccination. We have carried out this work to analyze those Indian people sentiments on the vaccines through the hash tags of tweets. The results show that though majority of the community has a positive belief on the vaccines but some of them still express negative emotions.

The Things They Saw

This chapter follows Indian delegates as they explored the city during their extended stay, identifying the sights they would have seen, as well as what they would have heard and smelled. Since the Indian delegates did not leave written accounts, the chapter draws on descriptions provided by non-Indian travelers and contemporary images to show how city streets, buildings, markets, wharves, prisons, and churches would have looked to visitors. It provides examples and anecdotes of Indian experiences and suggests how Indian people would have reacted to some of the more unsavory aspects of urban life and facets of so-called civil society that ran counter to the values and practices that sustained Indigenous communities.

The Other Indians in Town

This chapter shows that tribal delegates were not the only Indian people to be found in the cites of early America. Indian people included cities in their trade networks and they lived and worked in and around town in various capacities as both free and unfree labor. They went to cities and stayed there for many reasons and cities became centers of cultural mixing as well as economic exchange. Colonial laws designed to regulate Indian people reveal how much they were part of the fabric of urban life. Some Indians sought refuge in cities during times of war; others were taken there as prisoners of war. Increasing racial violence rendered Indian people in and around town vulnerable.

Introduction: Native Americans’ Urban Frontiers

This chapter introduces the phenomenon of Indian people being present in early American cities, contrary to popular assumptions and academic depictions of them as an anomaly in urban life. It argues that early American cities constituted a “frontier” for Indian people who went there, where they experienced close contact with colonists and indirect contact with the Atlantic world. The chapter considers early Native American travel across the Atlantic, to London in particular, as well as varieties of Indigenous leadership as context for understanding the roles of those who were designated chiefs in the cities. It also discusses the nature and limitations of the sources, and the insights into early American society provided by Indigenous comments and critiques.

The Chiefs Now in This City

In contrast to many popular and some academic histories that portray Indians retreating as cities grow in North America, this book recovers the forgotten stories of the many Indian people who traveled, primarily on diplomatic business, to the cities of colonial America and the early Republic—what they did there, how they were viewed, and what they made of it all. Violent resistance was just one of many responses to colonialism; in this book, Indian people who visit colonial cities for negotiations also go out on the town. They see the sights, sit down to dinner, attend church, go to the theater, and offer critiques of urban life. The are also “onstage” themselves, and conscious of the roles they perform as they pursue their own agendas and represent tribal interests in centers of colonial power.

Conclusion

INDIAN PEOPLE INVITED AND ESCORTED into town, welcomed by the city fathers, and cheered by enthusiastic crowds; lodging in the finest hotels, wined and dined at formal dinners, and dropping by for breakfast in private homes; touring the city, seeing the sights, strolling in the park, sitting in church, and watching performances at the theater and circus; cared for by physicians, and, if they died, being carried to city burial grounds in funeral corteges of hundreds of people; traveling by stagecoach at government expense and staggering home under the weight of gifts. . . . Contrary to assumptions that Indians were nowhere to be seen in the cities of early America, and that they had retreated as Euro-American settlements advanced, it might seem that citizens could barely walk the streets without bumping into visiting tribal delegates who went about an endless round of social engagements, observing and participating in urban life....