THE RE-DESIGN OF A MARINE ENGINE ROOM SIMULATOR IN CONSIDERATION TO ERGONOMICS DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Simulators can be used as sophisticated, flexible and realistic training tools which are capable of meeting many of the designated functions and tasks. An engine room simulator consists of simulation of various machinery systems in the engine room of a ship. This type of simulator is very significant and compulsory for marine engineering education. Istanbul Technical University Maritime Faculty (ITUMF) obtained a set of full-mission simulator and workstation simulators in 2001. However, it was realized that the ergonomic principles were not applied properly. Therefore it was not possible to generate the real engine room conditions with this simulator due to lack of some operations and displays on the mimic panel. Some of the mimics and displays were not similar to ones on board ship. This situation was negatively affecting the performance of engine room simulator training. And the mimic panel was re-designed and installed in 2006. In this study, the ergonomics principles for designing a mimic panel are determined and the application of ergonomic principles to a mimic panel is explained. The ergonomic gains of applied ergonomics principles are mentioned. Even more the effects on the marine engineering education are stated.

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF NOx AND OTHER POLLUTANTS IN THE MAN B&W 7S50MC MARINE ENGINE AND EFFECT OF EGR AND WATER ADDITION

Marine engines represent a significant contribution to global emissions. In order to overcome this problem, a great attention was given to reduce their exhaust emissions in the last years, and marine engines have to adapt to regional, national and international restrictions. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to develop a numerical model to study NOx (oxides of nitrogen) and other pollutants in engines. EGR and water addition were studied too as measures to reduce NOx. The main advantage of this study is that it provides a cheap and fast method to analyze emissions, contrary to experimental setups which are too expensive and laborious. Particularly, a commercial marine engine was analyzed and validated with experimental data. Results showed that increasing EGR and water addition leads to reduce NOx, but increase carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons due to an incomplete combustion.

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF NOx REDUCTION BY AMMONIA INJECTION IN THE MAN B&W 7S50MC MARINE ENGINE

Taking into account the importance of NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions from marine engines and the current increasingly restrictive legislation, this work aims to develop a numerical model to study NOx reduction. To this end, direct injection of NH3 (ammonia) into the combustion chamber was proposed in the MAN B&W 7S50MC marine engine. The numerical model was employed to analyze several injection temperatures, injection timings and ammonia to fuel ratios, obtaining NOx reductions of almost 60%. Besides, a comparison between ammonia injection and water injection was done. The results showed that ammonia is more efficient than water to reduce NOx with a negligible influence on other pollutants such as CO (carbon monoxide) and HC (hydrocarbons). Nevertheless, ammonia is efficient in a very restrictive temperature and injection timing range. This numerical model was compared with experimental measurements, obtaining satisfactory results which validate the work.

Analysis of wear particles in used marine engine oils

В данной статье предпринята удачная попытка комплексирования магнитооптического метода и метода фотонной корреляционной спектроскопии для регистрации ферромагнитных частиц продуктов износа дизельного двигателя и определения их дисперсных характеристик. Такой подход позволяет фиксировать низкое содержание магнитных наноразмерных частиц и их дисперсность в отработанном судовом моторном масле, является новым и решает актуальную задачу. Выполнены эксперименты по наблюдению продольного магнитооптического эффекта Фарадея в модельной магнитной жидкости и в отработанном моторном масле. Показано, что низкая концентрация магнитных частиц в отработанном масле не позволяет наблюдать в нем эффект вращения плоскости поляризации в магнитном поле. Для измерения крупных частиц износа, смытых с фильтрующего элемента масляного фильтра, использовались закономерности процесса осаждения частиц в растворе и регистрация поглощения света, изменяющегося со временем. Полученные результаты позволяют получать важную информацию о состоянии и неисправностях деталей и механизмов двигателя по содержанию частиц износа в отработанном масле. In this article, a successful attempt has been made to combine the magneto-optical method and the method of photon correlation spectroscopy to register ferromagnetic particles of diesel engine wear products and determine their disperse characteristics. This approach makes it possible to record a low content of magnetic nanosized particles and their dispersion in used marine engine oil, is new and solves an urgent problem. Experiments on observation of the longitudinal magneto-optical Faraday effect in a model magnetic fluid and in used engine oil have been carried out. It is shown that the low concentration of magnetic particles in the waste oil does not allow observing the effect of rotation of the plane of polarization in a magnetic field. To measure large wear particles washed away from the filter element of the oil filter, we used the regularities of the process of particle sedimentation in solution and the registration of light absorption that changes over time. The results obtained make it possible to obtain important information on the condition and malfunctions of engine parts and mechanisms by the content of wear particles in the used oil.