Ambiguous Word Processing among Second Language Learners

This study investigated second language learners’ processing of ambiguous words (e.g., bank: [1] a financial institution, [2] an edge of a river/lake) and whether these learners are able to activate the secondary meaning as quickly as they do with the dominant meaning. English L2 and L1 participants used a window paradigm to perform a self-paced reading task, in which all sentences were biased for the secondary meaning (i.e., bank as an edge of a river/lake). The results showed that L1 participants activated both the dominant and the secondary meanings of an ambiguous word even when it is embedded within a secondary-biasing context. However, L2 participants had some difficulty in activating the L2 secondary meaning even when the preceding context was biased for it. The results of the L1 participants were compatible with the autonomous access model in that all meanings of an ambiguous [L1] word are accessed even when the context is biasing for a specific meaning. However, the results of the L2 participants, although they knew both meanings of each ambiguous word in this study based on their post-experiment questionnaire, showed that the more dominant meaning of an L2 ambiguous word is activated first, even when the context is biasing for a secondary meaning.

Phonetic Level of the Text as the Interpretation Determinant

I.N. Dyachenko. Phonetic Level of the Text as the Interpretation Determinant. The article deals with modern paradigms of the text analysis. The text is considered the result of speech activity. The speech activity is an indispensable part of any individual’s activity. Recently, linguistics emphasizes that language is the way of representation of an individual’s mentality and consciousness. The text understanding is based on the system of concepts. As a result, the perception of the author’s idea is possible. The following approach is topical in the original text analysis. The interpreter is reconstructing the original text content within the frameworks of his/her own conceptual system. We have to mention that the absolute identity of the conceptual systems of the author and the interpreter is impossible because of their uniqueness. In cross-cultural translation the interpreter has to get the dominant meaning, emotive and phonosemantic content of the original text.

SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOL SIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNI OGICAL UNITS WITH ONOMASTIC COMPONENTS

Аbstract. This article discusses phraseological units with onomastic components in the English, Russian and Uzbek languages from the point of semantic pecularities. It is known that initially, onomastic components were used in their direct meaning but later, it had figurative meaning being as a component of phraseological units. From this point, onomastic components according to their dominant meaning, they expressed neagtive and positive connotations. Phraseological units with onomastic components in both languages were studied in 38 groups according to their meaning and content in terms of lifestyle, literature and folklore, and common religious beliefs of the English and Russian people

THE ORIGIN OF BEACH NAMES IN TANJUNGSARI: TOPONYMY STUDIES

This toponymy study discusses the origin names of beaches in Tanjungsari Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta which are spread in three villages, namely Kemadang, Ngestirejo, and Banjarejo. This research aims to documents the naming of beaches in the area and classifies the naming into three presuppositions meaning based on Nyström’s theory, which are categorical, associative, and emotive meaning. This study used a qualitative research method. Research data were collected by means of observation and interviews with Village Hall officials and the community. The results of this study can be used to add information that can be conveyed to tourists. The results showed that categorical meaning on the beaches in Tanjungsari District is dominated by geographical condition, while the least is people’s name category. Associative presupposition meaning is dominated by neutral associative meaning, which are sea and conditions geographical. Meanwhile, the least dominant meaning of the associative presupposition is positive associative meaning. The dominant meaning of the emotive presupposition is the emotive meaning positive, which is happy. The least dominating out of the emotive presupposition meaning is the neutral emotive presupposition. Most beach naming comes from Javanese. This is influenced by the language spoken by most local community

Space, Place, and the Self: Reimagining Selfies as Thirdspace

The rise of digital and visual communication has brought an increased focus to the places that people occupy. While places are created through various meaning-making processes, one way of establishing the meaning of a place is by inserting oneself into spaces by taking selfies. The places depicted in selfies may reflect a desire to associate oneself with the place, to make a statement challenging that place or the dominant meaning associated with it, or to create new meaning concerning the place and the self. Drawing on the concepts of Thirdspace and heterotopias, we proffer a framework for the practice of taking and sharing selfies that depict a place. We argue that people colonize points in space to reproduce, counter, or mix the meanings of places. People then both draw from and contribute to the construction of places and are motivated to “place” themselves to provide alternative or personalized perspectives of these places but also to represent their self.

REDUPLIKASI DALAM NOVEL GARIS WAKTU KARYA FIERSA BESARI (KAJIAN MORFOLOGI)

The purpose of this research is to describe the reduplication in the aspect of form and meaning in the novel Garis Waktu by Fiersa Besari. This research is a qualitative descriptive. The data are in the form of expressions found in the novel Garis Waktu by Fiersa Besari. Based on the data analysis, thera are 190 expressions of reduplication are found. In the aspect of reduplication, 158 citations were found, with the following details; 1) the most dominant form of reduplication found was whole repetition that was 110 expressions; The dominant form of reduplication is the repetition of affixes that was 34 expressions; the least repetition form were 23 expressions, namely partial repetition; and the form of repetition of phoneme changes found in 3 expressions. As for the aspect of the meaning of reduplication, 32 expressions were found, with the following details: the most dominant meaning of reduplication is seven expressions that was "expressing intensity"; The meaning of reduplication which is quite dominant consists of three parts, namely: 6 expressions for restatement containing the meaning of 'much', 6 expressions for restatement containing words “kinds of”, and 6 expressions of rephrasing which contain the meaning of “weakening the meaning'; and the meaning of reduplication was at least 4 repeated expressions with the meaning of "mutually", then 3 repeated expressionswith the meaning of "which resembles the repeated word".

Chinese Character Teaching and Learning with Marginalized Radicals and Non-radical Components in a Character

Naming or indexing of a radical in a dictionary will foreground dominant meanings of a radical and, at the same time, marginalize the other meanings of a radical as well as the meanings of non-radical components in a character. More efforts should be made to go beyond the dominant meaning(s) of a radical to have a better knowledge of the marginalized meanings of a radical and to identify the meanings of non-radical components in a character. With the assistance of Oracle/Bone Script, Bronze Script, and Seal script, and reinstatement of the significance of the marginalized meaning(s) of radicals or non-radical components, the Chinese character teaching and learning process will be considerably improved and it will become a fun-generating experience.

ANALISIS RESEPSI REMAJA KOTA SAMPIT MENGENAI KEBERAGAMAN DI MEDIA

The aim of the study is to reveal the viewpoints of adolescents as media audiences, how they interpret their lives in the midst of Indonesia's diversity. The method used is Reception Analysis using encoding and decoding models from Stuart Hall. The subjects of the study were 9 Sampit City teenagers aged 15-18 years with a diversity of sex, religion, and ethnicity. While the concept used is the study of Indonesian-ness, imagined communities, nation and state and identity. The results showed that adolescents in Sampit City were traumatized by stories of riots based on ethnic sentiment as told by parents, based on YouTube's content and also through the context of the 2017 local election reporting. Ethnic sentiments still exist because the content on YouTube allows them to reconnect with the 2001 conflict. So the dominant meaning of hegemonic is that they agree that Indonesia's diverse ethnic situation can lead to conflict and is easily used by irresponsible groups. The next meaning on the negotiating side is that prejudice and stereotyping occur in Sampit, respectively. To eliminate the trauma of ethnic conflict, they hope that more activities will involve cultural gatherings.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OF SYNESTHESIA AND FEATURES OF SYNESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF DEAF PEOPLE

The article is devoted to synesthesia, its study from the point of view of psychology and neuropsychology, features of synesthetic perception and importance of synesthesia for deaf people. The author refers to the works of modern researchers of synesthesia in the field of psychology and neuropsychology and examines various types of synesthetic reactions and associations. Synesthesia researchers study this phenomenon comprehensively, in the sensoryperceptual- cognitive continuum. Synesthetic stimuli and reactions are related to perception and can be considered in terms of its emotional component. It is emphasized that synesthesia affects the individual’s memory, in particular, A. R. Luria, who investigated the phenomenon of synesthesia, believes that synesthetic sensations contribute to better memorization of information, especially perceived from hearing. A. R. Luria notes that at hearing perception of a word, its phonetic component remains on the last place, and the dominant meaning is semantic. In synesthesia, a brighter visual and auditory image is attached to the perception of meaning. When memorizing, the visual component of the image remains the leading one. For deaf people, the meaning itself, perceived with the help of sign language, is already assigned to the visual component. But this is not always a visual image. The author refers to the testimonies of deaf people, who describe their synesthetic experience, showing that the absence of hearing is not an obstacle to the perception of sound, which can be felt by other senses, touch and vision.