The Hollowing Process of Rural Communities in China: Considering the Regional Characteristic

This study examined the hollowing process of rural communities, which is caused by migration, and explored its influence factors based on Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) analysis in an attempt to explore effect of regional characteristic. To capture the essence of rural hollowing, a logical framework was constructed. The rural hollowing was then evaluated based on an index system. Based on the assessment, HLM analysis was conducted to explore the influence factors at the household and community levels. The results demonstrated significant differences of rural hollowing among villages. In addition, the hollowing was not only affected by household-level variables but also by community-level variables. Further, for rural hollowing, the household-level variable was endogenous drive, while the community-level variables were exogenous drive. Among all the endogenous influence factors, population quality was the most important, and thus the loss of highly educated talents will aggravate the trend of rural hollowing and hinder the sustainable development of the countryside. Furthermore, in addition to promoting economic development and its diversification to alleviate rural hollowing, improving the quality of the population is more important to the sustainable development of the countryside in China.

Philosophical Establishment Of Regional Regulations Based On Regional Characteristics

Article 18B The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia recognizes and respects the traditional rights of indigenous community. Article Number 14 of Law Number 12 Year 2011 in conjunction with Article Number 236 paragraph four (4) of Law Number 23 Year 2014 guarantees the formation of Regional Regulations based on regional characteristic. It is a normative research, using the approach of legislation and conceptual approach. It is necessary to amend Law No. 23 of 2014, especially in relation to the formation of Regional Regulations based on regional characteristics. Law Number 32 Year 2004 along with its implementing regulations and Law Number 23 Year 2014 do not specify the rules for the establishment of Regional Regulations based on regional characteristics.

INOVASI KESENIAN RAKYAT KUDA LUMPING DI DESA GANDU, KECAMATAN TEMBARAK, KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

Demam kesenian rakyat kolaborasi Leakan di Temanggung rupanya sudah tidak dapat dibendung lagi. Para seniman senior rata-rata menolak kehadiran kolaborasi tersebut, mereka merasa risih dengan pengembangan seni pertunjukan yang demikian. Akhirnya Dinas melarang pertunjukan kolaborasi Kuda Lumping dengan tari Leak, Pendet dan Barong Bali. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengembalikan eksistensi pertunjukan Kuda Lumping seperti semula sebagai seni yang mempunyai ciri khas Temanggung. Kesenian Kuda Lumping Sri Budoyo berada pada situasi yang rumit, di tengah-tengah tuntutan selera masyarakat yang semakin beraneka ragam. Tekad masyarakat pendukung kesenian sudah bulat untuk menjaga dan melestarikan kesenian Kuda Lumping supaya tetap eksis dengan ciri khasnya. Berbagai permasalahan mitra sebagi akibat masuknya kesenian luar daerah yang mengusik eksistensi kesenian lokal sebagai ciri khas daerah, maka akan ditawarkan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi. Inovasi adalah sebuah cara yang akan dilakukan sebagai solusinya. Inovasi yang dilakukan adalah pemberdayaan anak-anak sebagai generasi penerus kesenian Kuda Lumping di desa Gandu II, yang nantikan akan memegang kendali kesenian di desa tersebut. Anak-anak diberi pelatihan tari Geculan sebagai dasar kepenarian mereka, gerak-gerak yang disusun disesuaikan dengan usianya.Kata kunci: Inovasi, Kesenian rakyat, Kuda Lumping.Abstract The folk art fever of the Leakan collaboration in Temanggung apparently cannot be stopped anymore. The average senior artists reject the presence of the collaboration, they feel uncomfortable with the development of such performing arts. Finally the Office banned the performance of the Kuda Lumping collaboration with the Leak, Pendet and Barong Bali dances. This is intended to restore the existence of the Kuda Lumping performance as originally as an art that has a characteristic Temanggung. Sri Budoyo’s Kuda Lumping Art is in a complicated situation, amidst the increasingly diverse demands of the people’s tastes. The determination of the people supporting the arts has been unanimous to maintain and preserve the Kuda Lumping art in order to continue to exist with its trademark. Various partner problems as a result of the entry of arts outside the region that disturb the existence of local arts as a regional characteristic, will be offered a solution to overcome the problems faced. Innovation is a method that will be carried out as a solution. The innovation carried out was the empowerment of children as the next generation of Kuda Lumping art in the village of Gandu II, who were looking forward to taking control of the arts in the village. The children were given Geculan dance training as a basis for their dance, the movements arranged according to their age. Keywords: Innovation, Folk art, Kuda Lumping.

PEMAHAMAN DAN PENGGUNAAN VARIASI BAHASA PRANCIS BIDANG AGROWISATA BAGI STAKEHOLDER PARIWISATA DI MAKASSAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN KEPADA TURIS MANCANEGARA

The monetary crisis since 1998 that hit Indonesia, has a negative impact on the tourism business, which is marked by a decrease in the number of foreign tourist visits that have an impact on tourism economic activities. On that basis, in 2018 the Indonesian government has emphasized the importance of empowering existing natural potential and becoming a regional characteristic as a potential tourism activity. One of the programs launched by the area in Toraja is the improvement and management of agrotourism (agrotourism) with the image of the Toraja region, as the Coffee Regency. Based on the results of the research, one solution was found, namely the need for a variant of a tourist attraction that supports the main tourist attractions of Toraja, Tradition Culture (graves) and Tongkonan traditional houses. The potential variation of objects to be developed in Toraja is agrotourism which so far has not been fully developed. In developing agrotourism in Toraja, it is important to improve services from aspects of specific field languages (agrotourism), one of which is French. For this reason, the solution that can be given to tourism stakeholders is to provide language skills training through understanding and using French variants in agro-tourism. The results of this workshop show that participants are able to explain vocabulary and speak (communicate orally) in French in the field of agrotourism