State tools for the development of entrepreneurial activity in the agrarian sphere

The aim of the work is to establish effective state instruments of development of entrepreneurial activity in the agrarian sector of Ukraine. For the realization of the purpose was used a number of economic-mathematical methods of analysis by panel data of EU and OECD countries for the period 1986-2020: regression modeling of relationships between the total value of agrarian production and total support, rendered to agrarian sector, types and structural volumes of such support; regression dependence statistics, methods of comparative analysis and graphics analysis. The results allowed us to establish that the change in the total production value of the agrarian sector by 96,79% is determined by the types and structural volumes of state support provided to the agrarian sector. For the development of entrepreneurial activity in the agrarian sector of Ukraine it is advisable to activate state support of knowledge and innovation system, infrastructure of agrarian sphere and optimize measures of inspection and control, significantly prevail among the tools of domestic regulation of the agrarian sphere.

Regulation of robotics: Analysis of the leading countries’ experience

The paper compares and analyzes the experiences leading states have had in robotics regulation; on the basis of the identifi best practices, proposals are formulated for Russia in the corresponding fi d. The relevance of the research is determined by the rapid growth of the global robotics market over the last decade, as well as the introduction of robots in the widest range of human activities. The leading countries in the international robotics market were selected using the benchmarking method. A comparative analysis of the regulation in the fi d of robotics was conducted through a comparison matrix composed of several criteria. The criteria included the existence of regulations and a national program for the development of robotics, the presence of responsible government bodies or organizations, and sectoral “regulatory sandboxes”. It was discovered that, of the four studied countries (the Republic of Korea, Japan, Germany, and Russia), only one has all the components of the robotics regulation system. The authors formulated certain recommendations aimed at improving the corresponding domestic regulation system. In particular, considering the best practices of foreign countries, the parties concerned are encouraged to adopt a sectoral normative legal act, as well as to establish a specialized state agency.

REGIONAL ASSET MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF WEST ACEH DISTRICT (SHARIA ASSET MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND PERMENDAGRI NO. 19 YEAR 2016)

This Study aims to describe the management of regional management in west Aceh regency and to determine whether or not the regional asset management is appropriate from the perspective of sharia asset management and PERMENDAGRI number 19 of 2016. the approach of this research is qualitative with descriptive analysis method. the sample used in this study is the civil servants of the West Aceh regional financial management agency (BPKD) who have a relationship whit regional asset management policies. the result of the study show that the management of fixed assets/regional property at the regional management agency (BPKD) Aceh Barat has done it optimally and in accordance with the systems and procedures of the cycle of managing the property of the region as stipulated in domestic regulation number 19 of 2016 concerning guidelines for the management of regional property. planning according to needs and procurement of asset carried out in a transparent manner as well as utilization that can be utilized by the community with a borrow and use system. the implementation of asset management is also in accordance with Islamic law, namely management which is based on Islamic values such as trust, reliability and freedom, balance and can be accounted for. these Islamic principles are applied and used as the basis for the asset management mechanism. some of the obstacles or inhibiting factors encounted in implementing the regional property management cycle are human resources due to the need for specific knowledge and understanding of the regional-owned asset management mechanism.

Prospects for BRICS industrial cooperation under recent developments in GVCS

The development of industrial cooperation creates fundamental and long-term foundations for BRICS current and future economic partnership. It was reflected in recently adopted Strategy for BRICS Economic Partnership 2025. At the same time, realization of the existing potential of industrial cooperation cannot take place without taking into account the development of new global trends. These trends and respective factors influence companies` business strategies and government regulatory policies significantly. As a result, both traditional factors and novel challenges, such as comprehensive digitalization processes in global economy and trade, technical and technological development of different industries and global value chains, the pressure of trade conflicts resulted in accumulation of protectionism in trade policies and the ongoing crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered thoroughly. In the case of the BRICS countries the existing incentives for the reconfiguration of GVCs and the enhancement of their resilience and reliability can be implemented in the strengthening of trade and industrial ties and the diversification of suppliers and markets through the development of cooperation with the partner countries. To realize these opportunities, it is necessary to ensure favorable regulatory basis both in traditional areas (trade and investment liberalization, convergence in domestic regulation) and in the framework of modern trends that are gaining momentum: increasing cooperation in e-commerce, trade facilitation, developing scientific, technological and innovative cooperation, addressing infrastructural issues in order to reduce transport and logistics costs and expand trade and industrial cooperation..

FOUNDATIONS FOR PROTECTION OF CREDITORS DURING REORGANISATION OF COMPANIES

The need for special protection of creditors during reorganisation requires a justification, which has never been specifically analysed in Russian law. The purpose of the study was to determine to what extent such protection should be provided. The article, based on the comparative legal method, reveals the grounds for such protection in the European сountries and compares it with domestic regulation. The study concludes that creditors should be protected only if there is damage from reorganisation.

EU and domestic regulation on the production of renewable hydrogen, constitutional issues related to the domestic regulation

The purpose of the present article is to review the relevant, recently published EU and national strategy documents, the role of hydrogen set out in them, and some key regulatory elements concerning hydrogen in the field of energy, following the introduction of renewable hydrogen and its possible uses. The article also focuses on the principles of the Fundamental Law, which are related to hydrogen and its uptake, and shares the constitutional dilemmas that can be related to the currently limited domestic regulation concerning hydrogen. It should be emphasized that partial amendments are already being made to the relevant regulations of the European Union, and the development of the domestic regulation is expected to begin in the short term, thus contributing to the achievement of the 2050 carbon-neutrality goal and laying down the basics of the hydrogen economy.

Transnational Tort Law

This chapter deals with harm caused and suffered across national borders, such as nuclear damage, road and air traffic accidents, defective products, and human rights violations by transnational corporations. First, it explores how supranational, international, and national tort law may respond to such harmful events. This also identifies gaps, such as the lack of international regulation of company behavior when it comes to protecting human rights. Subsequently, this chapter analyzes how soft law instruments are aimed at filling this void and how soft law is translated into binding regional and domestic regulation. This may in turn tort law standards to protect human rights. Finally, this chapter looks in more detail into various aspects of transnational tort law, from the perspective of the hurdles faced by victims and with references to key cases.

Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China’s Outward Investment

How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This article focuses on the importance of domestic political status and specifically business’ vulnerability to the state in explaining the dynamics of China’s outward investments. I present three types of domestic capital whose economic and political logics differ as they go abroad: tactical capital pursues political power and prestige, competitive capital pursues commercial goals, and crony capital seeks refuge from the state and asset expatriation. The Chinese regime’s approach to outward investment, which I characterize as mobilization campaigns adjusted over time and combined with targeted domestic regulation, endeavors to treat these different kinds of capital differently, deploying and disciplining tactical capital, enabling competitive capital, and constraining crony capital.

Revocation of will and judicial proceedings for declaring a will ineffective under the Law on Inheritance of Serbia with reference to other contemporary European legal systems

In Serbian law, a valid will can be revoked based on the will of the testator, more precisely through the revocation of the will or based on a court decision. This paper analyzes the solutions of the Law on Inheritance of Serbia, dedicated to the mentioned ways of revoking a last will, and at the same time examines the legal regulation of that issue in other legal systems in Europe. The author finds that in the realization of the right to revoke a will, the legislation of Serbia undoubtedly affirms the freedom of will, and that in that respect, it is in principle harmonized with the legal solutions observed on European legal soil. In the aspect of the purpose for which it is prescribed, a special advantage of domestic regulation is the possibility of declaring a will ineffective through a court decision. The author further considers that certain solutions that can be found in comparative law, such as the possibility to invalidate testamentary dispositions made in favour of former spouse, could be accepted in Serbian inheritance law as well. Finally, according to the author, some existing legal solutions dedicated to the revocation of wills, need to be specified and completed de lege ferenda, in order to achieve legal certainty.

International Margin Standards for Non-centrally Cleared Derivatives

The elemental regime on margins for derivatives not cleared through CCPs was added later on to the international regulatory agenda. The US was a pace-setter at the international level and a first-mover at the domestic level in promoting relatively precise, stringent and consistent margin requirements. The EU supported the US international standard-setting efforts, but adopted domestic regulation after international rules were set. There were no foot-draggers, even though several jurisdictions on the fringe were reluctant followers. Domestic regulators gathered in international standard-setting bodies facilitated the ironing out of differences amongst and within jurisdictions. Transgovernmental networks also fostered rule consistency, helping to manage the regime complexity resulting from several interlinked elemental regimes on derivatives. Margins were heavily contested by the financial industry, which mobilized to make them less precise and stringent. Private actors also urged regulators to consider this reform in conjunction with other post-crisis standards, notably, capital requirements.