In-vitro and In-vivo effects of Cu-Melo Seed´trypsinseed´trypsin Inhibitor on Angiogenesis and Tumor Characteristics in Balb-c Mice With Breast Cancer

BackgroundMelon seeds as an excellent supply of protease inhibitors may have a protective role against tumor progression and angiogenesis. However, its effects on angiogenesis and the mechanism of its motion on cancer progression remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bioactive compounds of melon seed on the expression of angiogenesis genes in breast cancer cell lines.MethodsTrypsin inhibitor (TI) was purified from the seed powder of Cucumis Melo. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined for TI, extract of melon seed powder (EXT), and tamoxifen (TAM) by MTT test. Also, breast tumor was induced by subcutaneous injection of MC4-L2 cell line in blab-c inbreed mice breast tissue. After tumor growth, mice were treated with TI, EXT, and TAM to examine their effects on the tumor characteristics and the expression of the angiogenesis-related genes including MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF using the RT-PCR method.ResultsTI, EXT, TAM, and adjuvant treatment of TI+TAM resulted a reduction in expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF. All treatments improved the breast tumor characteristics and the necrosis. The Real Time-PCR method verified the positive effects of the treatments on the breast cancer cell line and tumors.ConclusionThe results indicated that treatments with trypsin Inhibitor Purified from Cucumis Melo Seeds and also combination therapy of trypsin inhibitor and tamoxifen can be considered as an alternative therapy in breast cancer patients. Further studies are warranted.

Formulation And Antioxidant Property Of Bitter Melon Seeds Oil Loaded Into SNEDDS Systems As A Nutraceutical

Bitter melon seeds oil is less soluble in the gastrointestinal tract and has low absorption. Therefore, a self-nanoemulsion dosage form needed to support its absorption and increase its stability. This study aimed to formulate bitter melon seeds oil into a self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) and evaluate its antioxidant activity using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. The SNEDDS formulation uses bitter melon seed oil as the active ingredient and the oil phase, cremophor RH 40 as a surfactant, and glycerin as a co-surfactant. The results showed that the best SNEDDS formula obtains a ratio of oil: Smix (surfactant mixture) of 1:4. The best formula transmittance was 97.35 ± 0.04% with an emulsification time of 15.69 ± 0.06 seconds, a pH value of 6.87 ± 0.08, and a particle size of 31.8 ± 16.3 nm. Thermodynamic stability and robustness to dilution tests show the preparation is stable and resistant to various dilutions and pH. The antioxidant activity of bitter melon seed oil before and after being formulated into SNEDDS resulted in 62.73% and 50.31% reducing power. This result is not differences significantly. This study concluded that bitter melon seeds oil SNEDDS has good physical characteristics, stability, and no antioxidant activity changes.

Influence of growth regulators on seed output in melon seed breeding

В статье представлены результаты изучения применения регуляторов роста Циркон и Гумат калия при выращивании дыни на семенные цели. Цель исследования: разработка новых агротехнических приемов выращивания дыни, направленных на увеличение выхода семян с единицы площади, высокого качества и сортовой чистоты. Исследования проводили в 2019–2020 годах на Быковской бахчевой селекционной опытной станции – филиале ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства», расположенной в Волгоградской области РФ. Объект исследований – среднеспелый сорт дыни Осень. Опыты закладывали в соответствии с общепринятыми методическими указаниями. Расход препаратов был выбран в соответствии с рекомендациями производителя. Норма рабочего раствора – 300 л/га. Схема посева 2,1×1,0 м. Предшественник – пар. Установлено, что применение регуляторов роста в системе семеноводства дыни – эффективный прием получения качественного семенного материала на светло-каштановых почвах Волгоградского Заволжья. Максимальный выход семян с единицы площади в 2019 году был получен в варианте с применением препарата Циркон для обработки вегетирующих растений – 157,4 кг/га, что на 14,2% больше по сравнению с контролем и на 4,6% больше по сравнению с вариантом обработки растений Гуматом калия. В 2020 году наибольший урожай семян дыни был получен в варианте с применением препарата Циркон для обработки растений, что на 6,5–21,5% больше по сравнению с другими изучаемыми препаратами и способами их применения. Сравнительная оценка массы 1000 семян в 2019 году показала, что самые высокие показатели также были отмечены в варианте с применением препарата Циркон для обработки растений, что на 3,5% больше по сравнению с вариантом обработки растений Гуматом калия и на 18,2% больше по сравнению с контролем. Аналогичные данные по массе 1000 семян были получены и в 2020 году. The article presents the results of studying the use of growth regulators Zircon and Potassium Humate in the cultivation of melon for seed purposes. The purpose of the study: to develop new agrotechnical methods of growing melons aimed at increasing the yield of seeds per unit area, high quality and varietal purity. The research was carried out in 2019–2020 at the Bykovsky melon selective experimental station – the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing», located in the Volgograd Region of the Russian Federation. The object of research is a medium-ripened variety of melon Osen. The experiments were laid in accordance with generally accepted methodological guidelines. The consumption of herbal drugs was selected in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The norm of the working solution is 300 l/ha. The seeding scheme is 2.1×1.0 m. The predecessor is complete fallow. It is established that the use of growth regulators in the melon seed production system is an effective method for obtaining high-quality seed material on light chestnut soils of the Volgograd Volga region. The maximum yield of seeds per unit area in 2019 was obtained in the variant with the use of the drug Zircon for the treatment of vegetative plants – 157.4 kg/ha, which is 14.2% more compared to the control and 4.6% more compared to the variant of plant treatment with Potassium Humate. In 2020, the largest yield of melon seeds was obtained in the variant with the use of the herbal drug Zircon for plant treatment, which is 6.5–21.5% more compared to other studied herbal drugs and methods of their use. A comparative assessment of the mass of 1000 seeds in 2019 showed that the highest rates were also noted in the variant with the use of the drug Zircon for plant treatment, which is 3.5% more compared to the variant of plant treatment with Potassium Humate and 18.2% more compared to the control. Similar data on the weight of 1000 seeds were obtained in 2020.

Giant Melon seed Bodies in Painless Shoulder Swelling

Melon seed bodies are a non-specific manifestation of chronic synovial inflammation associated with various arthritides such as tubercular, rheumatoid, and seronegative arthritis. Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of these bodies differentiates them from other differential diagnoses (such as synovial chondromatosis and pigmented villonodular synovitis). Ultrasonography and MRI, in combination with clinical and laboratory details, can suggest the possible etiology. Medical management of the underlying cause, along with arthroscopic removal of pathognomonic bodies, is the preferred treatment.