Development of a Health Education Application Smartphone-based FoCED to Increase Knowledge About Foot Care In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

One such complication is a diabetic foot ulcer that can lead to amputation. Various strategies are taken to reduce the occurrence of injuries in diabetic mellitus patients. One of them is through foot care education packaged by using interesting media. Through the development of smartphone-based applications, it aims to help patients and families perform the right foot care anytime and anywhere. The purpose of this activity is to develop educational media while increasing the knowledge of patients and families about performing foot care. The method used is to develop educational media in the form of applications on smartphones and measure knowledge score before and after education. In addition, during the education of patients and families, they will be followed up 3 times in 1 week. The targets of this program are diabetic patients and families at PKU Muhammadiyah Pontianak Clinic. The results of this activity show that smartphone-based "FoCED" foot care education applications can increase patient and family knowledge.

Diabetic Foot Self Care Pada Diabetisi

ABSTRACT: DIABETIC FOOT SELF CARE ON DIABETES PATIENTS Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can cause complications in various body systems. One of the complications of DM is complications in the feet which can cause diabetic foot ulcers and lead to leg amputation. Diabetic foot complications can be prevented by performing routine foot care or diabetic foot care. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the description of diabetic foot care in patients with diabetes mellitus consisting of personal self-care, podiatric care, and footwear and socks. Method: This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. Data was collected using a diabetic foot care questionnaire. The number of samples in this study was 51 people. The sampling method is a non-probability technique using consecutive sampling. The study was conducted in the Kuranji Health Center Working Area in July – November 2021. Result: The results showed that most respondents (64.70%) had poor personal self-care in foot care, 82.3% of respondents had poor podiatric care habits. and 52.94% of respondents have good habits in choosing footwear. Conclusion: From the results of the study, it was concluded that people with diabetes have bad habits in performing foot care so that this is one of the risk factors for complications in the feet. To increase awareness of people with diabetes in performing foot care, it is recommended that nurses can provide education and teach people with diabetes to take care of their feet Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Foot Complications; Foot Care INTISARI : DIABETIC FOOT SELF CARE PADA DIABETISI Latar Belakang : Diabetes Melitus (DM) dapat menyebabkan komplikasi pada berbagai sistem tubuh. Salah satu komplikasi DM adalah komplikasi pada kaki yang dapat menimbulkan ulkus kaki diabetik dan berujung dengan amputasi kaki. Pencegahan komplikasi pada kaki dapat dilakukan diabetisi dengan melakukan perawatan kaki rutin atau diabetic foot care.Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran diabetic foot care pada pasien diabetes melitus yang terdiri dari personal self care, podiatric care, serta footwear and sock.Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner diabetic foot care. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 51 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah dengan Teknik non probability dengan menggunakan consecutive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kuranji pada Bulan Juli – November 2021.Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden (64,70%) memiliki personal self care yang kurang baik dalam perawatan kaki, 82,3% responden memiliki kebiasan podiatric care yang kurang baik dan 52,94% responden memiliki kebiasaan baik dalam pemilihan alas kaki.Kesimpulan : Diabetisi memiliki kebiasaan yang kurang baik dalam melakukan perawatan kaki sehingga ini menjadi salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya komplikasi pada kaki. Untuk meningkatkan kesadaran diabetisi dalam melakukan perawatan kaki disarankan perawat dapat memberikan edukasi dan mengajarkan diabetisi untuk melakukan perawatan kaki Kata Kunci : Diabetes Melitus; Komplikasi Kaki; Perawatan Kaki

Self Care Profile of Diabetic Patient during Covid 19 Pandemic in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the comorbid diseases commonly found on COVID-19 infected individuals and causing the most death. In the pandemic era, DM patients are needful to execute the care management by themselves due to the social restriction as a part of transmission control. This study aimed to assess the self-care behavior of DM patients during the COVID-19 pandemic era in Manggarai Regency who still carry out various traditional ceremonies even during the pandemic. This study was a quantitative descriptive study. The research data get by the SDSCA (The Summary of Self-Care Activities) questionnaire developed by the General Service Administration (GSA) Regulatory Information Service Center (RISC). This study attends from January to March 2021, with 88 respondents have participated after being recruited using purposive sampling and inclusion criteria. Among the 88 respondents, the respondents were most compliant with eating restrictions on sugar-contained food such as cake, chocolate, biscuit, and ice cream diet. Respondents did not restrict themself to consume carbohydrate contained foods. Self-care behavior is most important to DM patients in the pandemic era due to the social restrictions creating the hesitancy among the patients to come to the health care facilities. Moreover, when DM patients are more prone to develop severe symptoms of covid-19. Health professionals have to improve the health education to the patients by emphasizing the importance of exercise, diabetic foot care, and routine blood sugar monitoring so that the patients are not only focused on dietary management and medicine.

Glycemic Control and Management in Pharmacist-Led Diabetic Clinic vs. Physician-Led Diabetic Clinic

Background and Objectives: Globally, diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a life-threatening disease that, if it remains uncontrolled, can lead to mortality or serious complications. Despite the noticeable benefits of clinical pharmacist in managing diabetes, some institutions in Saudi Arabia are reluctant to establish a pharmacist-led diabetic clinic for monitoring and follow-up. The objective of this study is to assess the glycemic control by comparing the reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) percentage between patients followed in the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics vs. those followed in physician-led diabetic clinics. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study with a 12-month follow-up were used to detect the difference in the glycemic control by comparing the reduction in HbA1c percentage from the baseline, and average changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), and lipid panel between the two groups. The level of self-care was assessed by Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Questionnaire. Results: The study involved 52 patients who visited the diabetic clinic at a community teaching hospital. Exactly 24 patients were followed by the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics, while 28 were followed by physician-led diabetic clinics. HbA1c baseline was 8.7% and 8.4% for pharmacist and physician, respectively. The average difference in HbA1c for the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics vs. the physician-led diabetic clinics was not statistically significant (8.67 vs. 8.56; p = 0.77). Moreover, no difference in the glucose profile, lipid panel, and blood pressure were seen between the two groups. However, the median HbA1c change from baseline between the two groups significantly favored the pharmacist-led clinic (0.7 vs. 0.003; p = 0.04).The average of responses in all four aspects of the SDSCA (diet, exercise, blood sugar testing, and foot care) was also higher among patients in the pharmacist-led diabetic clinic. Conclusions: Pharmacist-led diabetic clinics for glycemic control and follow-up showed efficient results that encourage the comprehensive and integral inter-professional patient care.

Penerapan Perawatan Kaki untuk Meningkatkan Sirkulasi Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar exceeding 140 mg/dL. The purpose of this case study is to describe a foot care intervention with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve blood circulation. The design of this scientific paper uses a case study method with the subject of two clients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus with blood sugar above 140 mg/dL in Sidorejo Comal Village. The intervention provided was daily foot care, and it was carried out for four days. Evaluation of this intervention has been proven to reduce blood sugar and increase blood circulation which can be measured by glucometer and Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). The results of this study showed a decrease in blood sugar and an increase in ABI in both clients, client 1 experienced a decrease in blood sugar from 256 mg/dL to 197 mg/dL, the ABI value from 0.81 increased to 0.90 and the second client experienced a decrease in blood sugar. from 318 mg/dL to 195 mg/dL, the ABI value from 0.77 increased to 0.92. The conclusion of this case study shows that foot care can reduce blood sugar and increase ABI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Suggestions for health workers are expected to provide foot care interventions to reduce blood sugar and increase ABI, in the form of foot care interventions in people with diabetes mellitus. type 2.Keywords: Ankle brachial index, Blood circulation, Diabetes mellitus, Foot care AbstrakDiabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan kenaikan gula darah melebihi 140 mg/dL. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tindakan perawatan kaki dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi darah. Rancangan karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan subyek dua klien yang mengalami diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan gula darah diatas 140 mg/dL di Desa Sidorejo Comal. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalahmelakukan perawatan kaki setiap hari dan dilakukan selama empat hari Evaluasi dari tindakan tersebut terbukti dapat menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan sirkulasi darah yang dapat diukur dengan glukometer dan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). Hasil studi ini menunjukan adanya penurunan gula darah dan peningkatkan ABI pada kedua klien,klien 1 mengalami penurunan gula darah dari 256 mg/dL menjadi 197 mg/dL, nilai ABI dari 0,81 meningkat menjadi 0,90 dan klien kedua mengalami penurunan gula darah dari 318 mg/dL menjadi 195 mg/dL, nilai ABI dari 0,77 meningkat menjadi 0,92. Simpulan studi kasus ini menunjukan bahwa perawatan kaki mampu menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan ABI pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikan tindakan untuk menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan ABI berupa tindakan perawatan kaki pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.Kata kunci: Ankle brachial index, diabetes melitus,perawatan kaki, sirkulasi darah

12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic (wave 2) and associated lockdown on wound care and the resultant increase in the number of amputations

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unparalleled impact on the socio-economic and healthcare structure of the entire world, including India. The risk of major amputations has increased during the COVID-19 lockdown.Aim of the study was to conduct a single-centered study on the prevalence of major amputations during the pre-pandemic and pandemic period to evaluate the indirect effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on people with lower limb cellulites and wounds. This study also emphasizes on the importance of easy and routine access to foot-care specialist.Methods: The data of patients attending the outpatient and emergency room of general surgery in K. R. Hospital with complaints of cellulites/wounds/ulcers during the months of March to July was evaluated. The number of amputations done during same time period was analyzed.Results: The patients attending outpatient department (OPD) during the lockdown had a fall, while cases and amputations immediately after lockdown had increased.Conclusions: The findings of the present study, reiterate the role of preventive actions in wound care and stress on the importance awareness of complications if such wounds are ignored.

Penerapan Pengaruh Senam Kaki Diabetes Terhadap Nilai Ankle Brachial Index (Abi) Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by high blood sugar levels due to disruption of the production and function of the hormone insulin. One of the symptoms of diabetes mellitus is a decrease in foot sensitivity which is characterized by a tingling and thick feeling in the feet. This study aims to apply diabetic foot exercise and its effect on the value of the ankle brachial index (ABI) in patients with diabetes mellitus. The research design was a case study on 2 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The instruments used were vascular doppler, jelly, gauze/tissue, sphygmomanometer, bent, and stationery. The intervention by applying diabetes foot exercise 12 steps with a duration of 30 minutes was carried out 3 times a week. The results showed an increase in the ABI value in both patients with an average increase of 0.2. In addition, the patient said that the tingling and thick feeling in the legs decreased. Thus, it is proven that diabetic foot exercise can increase the ABI value in patients with diabetes mellitus. Suggestions for healthcare providers to assess patient knowledge related to diabetic foot exercise, and teach the patient. Foot care is one of the diabetes self-care pillars that can prevent complications and reduce premature death among diabetic patients.Keywords: Ankle Brachial Index;Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Foot Exercise AbstrakDiabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah akibat terganggunya produksi dan fungsi hormon insulin. Salah satu gejala diabetes mellitus yaitu penurunan sensitivitas kaki yang ditandai dengan rasa kesemutan dan tebal pada kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan senam kaki diabetes dan pengaruhnya terhadap nilai ankle brachial index (ABI) pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Desain penelitian berupa studi kasus pada 2 pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa doppler vaskuler, jelly, kassa/tissue, sphygmomanometer, bengkok, dan alat tulis. Intervensi dengan mengaplikasikan senam kaki diabetes 12 langkah dengan durasi 30 menit dilakukan selama 3 kali dalam seminggu. Hasil menunjukan terjadi peningkatan nilai ABI pada kedua pasien dengan rata – rata peningkatan 0,2. Selain itu pasien mengatakan rasa kesemutan dan tebal pada kaki sudah berkurang. Dengan demikian, terbukti bahwa senam kaki diabetes dapat meningkatkan nilai ABI pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Saran bagi pelayanan kesehatan untuk mengkaji pengetahuan pasien terkait dengan senam kaki diabetes, dan mengajarkannya. Karena perawatan kaki merupakan salah satu pilar perawatan diabetes mandiri yang dapat mencegah komplikasi dan menurunkan kematian dini akibat diabetes. Kata kunci: Ankle Brachial Index;Diabetes Mellitus; Senam Kaki Diabetes