energy scavenging
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Author(s):  
Alexander Sarris ◽  
Bashir Bhatti ◽  
Francesco Ciampa

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have shown great potentials to supply low-power sensor nodes in aerospace applications due to their relatively small size, adequate output power and reliability. TEGs convert waste heat available at aircraft locations into a usable potential difference. However, TEGs’ performance greatly depends on the use of passive cooling systems such as heatsinks to enhance their energy supply. This paper reports the first proof-of-concept use of vapour chambers coupled to traditional circular pin-fin heatsinks to enhance the output power of TEGs. Vapour chambers are compact and small capillary-driven heat spreaders that incorporate a cavity in their volume containing a working fluid to provide a high effective thermal conductivity. Numerical simulations and experimental tests revealed that the use of vapour chambers provided significant increase of the output power, with a maximum produced power of 28.2 W and a relative difference of 6.27 W against conventional energy scavenging configurations. Results demonstrate the high thermal cooling performance of vapour chambers to efficiently support thermal energy harvesting solutions designed for condition and structural health monitoring.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Ali Azam ◽  
Yanen Wang ◽  
Zutao Zhang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
...  

AbstractAdditively manufactured nano-MEH systems are widely used to harvest energy from renewable and sustainable energy sources such as wind, ocean, sunlight, raindrops, and ambient vibrations. A comprehensive study focusing on in-depth technology evolution, applications, problems, and future trends of specifically 3D printed nano-MEH systems with an energy point of view is rarely conducted. Therefore, this paper looks into the state-of-the-art technologies, energy harvesting sources/methods, performance, implementations, emerging applications, potential challenges, and future perspectives of additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting (3DP-NMEH) systems. The prevailing challenges concerning renewable energy harvesting capacities, optimal energy scavenging, power management, material functionalization, sustainable prototyping strategies, new materials, commercialization, and hybridization are discussed. A novel solution is proposed for renewable energy generation and medicinal purposes based on the sustainable utilization of recyclable municipal and medical waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, recommendations for future research are presented concerning the cutting-edge issues hurdling the optimal exploitation of renewable energy resources through NMEHs. China and the USA are the most significant leading forces in enhancing 3DP-NMEH technology, with more than 75% contributions collectively. The reported output energy capacities of additively manufactured nano-MEH systems were 0.5–32 mW, 0.0002–45.6 mW, and 0.3–4.67 mW for electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, respectively. The optimal strategies and techniques to enhance these energy capacities are compiled in this paper. Graphical Abstract


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7838
Author(s):  
Sunanda Roy ◽  
Jun Jiat Tiang ◽  
Mardeni Bin Roslee ◽  
Md Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
Abbas Z. Kouzani ◽  
...  

RF power is broadly available in both urban and semi-urban areas and thus exhibits as a promising candidate for ambient energy scavenging sources. In this research, a high-efficiency quad-band rectenna is designed for ambient RF wireless energy scavenging over the frequency range from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz. Firstly, the detailed characteristics (i.e., available frequency bands and associated power density levels) of the ambient RF power are studied and analyzed. The data (i.e., RF survey results) are then applied to aid the design of a new quad-band RF harvester. A newly designed impedance matching network (IMN) with an additional L-network in a third-branch of dual-port rectifier circuit is familiarized to increase the performance and RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of the harvester with comparatively very low input RF power density levels. A dual-polarized multi-frequency bow-tie antenna is designed, which has a wide bandwidth (BW) and is miniature in size. The dual cross planer structure internal triangular shape and co-axial feeding are used to decrease the size and enhance the antenna performance. Consequently, the suggested RF harvester is designed to cover all available frequency bands, including part of most mobile phone and wireless local area network (WLAN) bands in Malaysia, while the optimum resistance value for maximum dc rectification efficiency (up to 48%) is from 1 to 10 kΩ. The measurement result in the ambient environment (i.e., both indoor and outdoor) depicts that the new harvester is able to harvest dc voltage of 124.3 and 191.0 mV, respectively, which can be used for low power sensors and wireless applications.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2101741
Author(s):  
Xue Zhao ◽  
Kai Song ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Ya Yang

Telecom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-389
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Bougas ◽  
Maria S. Papadopoulou ◽  
Achilles D. Boursianis ◽  
Konstantinos Kokkinidis ◽  
Sotirios K. Goudos

The exigency for continuous use of electrical devices has created greater demands for electricity along with more efficient transmission techniques. Energy from natural resources can be solar, thermal, vibration, friction, or Radio Frequencies (RF) signals. This state-of-the-art work provides a summary of RF energy harvesting techniques and can be used as a guide for the manufacture of RF energy scavenging modules. The use of Radio Frequency (RF) Energy Harvesting (EH) technique contributes to the development of autonomous energy devices and sensors. A rectenna system includes three main units: the receiving antenna, the impedance matching network, and the rectifier. We thoroughly analyze how to design a rectenna system with special emphasis given on the design of the rectifier. At the same time many works of the last 10 years are presented. This review article categorizes the used topologies depending on the type of antennas, IMNs, and rectifiers and comparatively presents their advantages and disadvantages.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Pham-Thi-Dan ◽  
Nguyen Bui-Trung ◽  
Huynh Nguyen ◽  
Quan Lam-Minh ◽  
Khuong Ho-Van ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Arunesh Kumar Singh ◽  
◽  
Shahida Khatoon ◽  
Kriti Kriti ◽  
Abhinav Saxena ◽  
...  

Process of obtaining energy from the environment can be called as energy scavenging or energy harvesting. In this paper, we explore the scope of scavenging electrical energy from the noise pollution present in environment and review various energy harvesting techniques for this purpose. Basically, noise is an unwanted sound that is loud, unpleasant and unexpected. Very high population, industrial, commercial activities and transportation increase the noise pollution level in the environment. In urban areas, transport related noise is the major cause of noise pollution. We know that electricity requirement is increasing day by day. Clean energy resources can help the electricity grid to fulfill the increased requirement without bad consequences. Clean energy does not produce any waste, which can pollute the environment. The various mathematical expressions have shown to minimize the level of noise pollution. With help of empirical formula more electricity can be produced. We reviewed the impact of transportation noise pollution, avoidance methods and simultaneous opportunity to transform it into electrical energy.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Gezer ◽  
Gözde Okburan

While all prebiotics are accepted as dietary fibers, not all dietary fibers are accepted as prebiotics. Fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides are significant prebiotic dietary fibers related with the regulation of weight management. They, selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacillus, thus help to modulate gut microbiota. Since bifiodobacteria population are responsible for energy scavenging they are playing a vital role in the weight management. In addition, prebiotics fermented to short chain fatty acids by gut microbiota, whose presence in the large intestine is responsible for many of the metabolic effects and prevent metabolic diseases such as obesity. Short chain fatty acids via different mechanisms also stimulate satiety hormones such as GLP-1 and PYY, and shift glucose and lipid metabolism. To conclude, prebiotic dietary fibers beneficially impact the gut microbiota thus can be effective on regulation of weight management. There is a need for further clinical trials to explain more comprehensively the effects of dietary prebiotics on weight management.


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