combined training
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2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Jafari ◽  
Hamid Arazi ◽  
Amirabbas Monazzami ◽  
Alireza Ghadian ◽  
Kambiz Hasrak

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most prevalent cancer and the sixth cancer leading to death in men worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks of combined training on specific markers of prostate cancer in older adults. Methods: Twenty older adults (62 ± 7 years) with prostate cancer were divided randomly into the control (n = 10) and training (n = 10) groups. The training group performed exercise training in three sessions a week for eight weeks. Resistance training included two sets of 10 repetitions at 60 - 75% of one-repetition maximum, and endurance training contained treadmill running for 20 - 35 min at 60 - 75% of maximum heart rate. Bruce test, one-repetition maximum, and ELISA technique were used respectively to measure the aerobic performance, strength performance, and serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and testosterone (TS). A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to specify the differences. Results: Weight, fat percentage, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), glucose, insulin, and PSA were significantly lower in the training group than the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, strength performance, aerobic performance, SHBG, TS, and PTEN were significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Combined training can have an influential role in physical condition improvement through decreasing the PSA serum level and increasing SHBG, TS, and PETEN serum levels, which helps patients with prostate cancer to be cured.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Bai ◽  
Kim Geok Soh ◽  
Roxana Dev Omar Dev ◽  
Othman Talib ◽  
Wensheng Xiao ◽  
...  

The benefits of aerobic exercise for the elderly are well-known. They extend beyond cardiovascular changes and can reduce the inactivity-induced loss of strength, mobility, balance, and endurance that are vital for the safe performance of daily activities in older adults. However, the benefits of combined aerobic exercise with other exercises such as strength/resistance, multi-component and aerobic exercise remain unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of combined aerobic exercise on physical performance among the elderly, as opposed to single aerobic exercise. We searched four databases of SCOPUS, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and CINAHL Plus to find 18 articles that met criteria. Data was extracted using PICOs extraction tool and summarized using a narrative synthesis approach. Studies have shown that aerobics combined resistance/strength training (CEX), multi-component training (ME), and dance combined training has positive and significant effects on the physical performance (upper body strength and lower body strength, dynamic balance, fall risk, mobility, gait, agility, flexibility) of the elderly. CEX had additional benefits compared to aerobic training (AER) and resistance/strength training (RES) in gait speed, lower limb strength, and trunk fat. Furthermore, CEX was more effective than AER in improving sitting and stretching, elbow flexion, knee flexion, shoulder flexion and stretching, strength and body fat, function reach test, 30-s chair standing test and 6-min walking test, self-evaluation of body function. Therefore, the combination of multiple components contributes to the overall improvement in physical fitness of the elderly, thus preventing them from losing balance and reducing susceptibility to injury.Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42021213147].


Author(s):  
Reginaldo Gonçalves ◽  
Daisy Motta-Santos ◽  
Leszek Szmuchrowski ◽  
Bruno Couto ◽  
Ytalo M. Soares ◽  
...  

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Natália Turri-Silva ◽  
Francisco Valdez Santos ◽  
Wanessa Camilly Caldas Rodrigues ◽  
Josuelir Silva Freire ◽  
Lawrence C. Cahalin ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: To analyze the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on peripheral and central components related to cardiorespiratory capacity after HTx. Materials and Methods: No time restriction was applied for study inclusion. MEDLINE/PubMed; EMBASE, CENTRAL, and PEDro databases were investigated. Studies reporting heart transplanted patients older than 19 years following aerobic, resistance, and combined training according. The outcomes included: V′O2 peak, VE/V’CO2 slope, heart rate (HR peak), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP peak), maximum repetition test(1RM), sit-to-stand test, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). The studies were selected by consensus. Four hundred ninety-two studies initially met the selection criteria. Cochrane handbook was used for abstracting data and assessing data quality and validity. Independent extraction by two observers was applied. Results: Isolated aerobic training leads to a greater increase in V′O2 peak than combined training compared to the control group (p < 0.001, I2 = 0%). However, no significant differences were found in the subgroup comparison (p = 0.19, I2 = 42.1%). HR peak increased similarly after aerobic and combined training. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was better than moderate continuous intensity to increase the V′O2 after long term in HTx. Still, there is scarce evidence of HIIT on muscle strength and FMD. No change on VE/V’CO2 slope, FMD, and SBP, DBP peak. 1RM and the sit-to-stand test increased after resistance training (p < 0.001, I2 = 70%) and CT (p < 0.001, I2 = 0%) when compared to control. Conclusions: Aerobic and combined training effectively improve VO2 peak and muscle strength, respectively. HIIT seems the better choice for cardiorespiratory capacity improvements. More studies are needed to examine the impact of training modalities on VE/V’CO2 slope and FMD.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Silveira Nunes da Silva ◽  
Diego Silva ◽  
Gustavo Waclawovski ◽  
Maximiliano Isoppo Silva

Abstract Introduction: Aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. It promotes vascular dysfunction which is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exercise can modulate vascular function parameters, but little is known about the effects of different modalities of training (aerobic, resistance and combined) on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in older adults. Methods: This systematic review study will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) selected from the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE and Web of Science. We will follow the PRISMA guidelines and PICOS framework. Studies involving both male and female older adults (≥60 years old) with or without comorbidities undergoing aerobic, resistance and/or combined training compared to a control group (no exercise) will be eligible. We will use Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool to evaluate the quality of individual studies and GRADE to assess the strength of evidence. Statistical analyses will be conducted with RStudio for Windows (v1.3.959) using R package meta. Discussion: A systematic review and meta-analysis involving data from studies of older adults would deepen our understanding of vascular adaptations to exercise training in this population. It could provide new insights into how health providers can improve patient management and prevention of cardiovascular events in older adults. Systematic Review Registry: The study protocol for this review is awaiting approval for registration in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID 42021275451).


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E. Rice ◽  
Kiisa Nishikawa ◽  
Sophia Nimphius

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week ankle-specific block progression training program on saut de chat leaping performance [leap height, peak power (PP), joint kinetics and kinematics], maximal voluntary isometric plantar flexion (MVIP) strength, and Achilles tendon (AT) stiffness. Dancers (training group n = 7, control group n = 7) performed MVIP at plantarflexed (10◦) and neutral ankle positions (0◦) followed by ramping isometric contractions equipped with ultrasound to assess strength and AT stiffness, respectively. Dancers also performed saut de chat leaps surrounded by 3-D motion capture atop force platforms to determine center of mass and joint kinematics and kinetics. The training group then followed a 12-week ankle-focused program including isometric, dynamic constant external resistance, accentuated eccentric loading, and plyometric training modalities, while the control group continued dancing normally. We found that the training group's saut de chat ankle PP (59.8%), braking ankle stiffness (69.6%), center of mass PP (11.4%), and leap height (12.1%) significantly increased following training. We further found that the training group's MVIP significantly increased at 10◦ (17.0%) and 0◦ (12.2%) along with AT stiffness (29.6%), while aesthetic leaping measures were unchanged (peak split angle, mean trunk angle, trunk angle range). Ankle-specific block progression training appears to benefit saut de chat leaping performance, PP output, ankle-joint kinetics, maximal strength, and AT stiffness, while not affecting kinematic aesthetic measures. We speculate that the combined training blocks elicited physiological changes and enhanced neuromuscular synchronization for increased saut de chat leaping performance in this cohort of dancers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Keyvan Hejazi ◽  
Mehrdad Fathi ◽  
Mahsa Salkhord ◽  
Maryam Dastani

Abstract Introduction. Inflammatory and coagulation factors are among the various factors that are involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of combined training (endurance-intermittent resistance and endurance-continuous resistance) on coagulation, fibrinolytic and lipid profiles of overweight women. Material and Methods. This was a quasi-experimental study of 36 overweight women, who were divided into three groups of endurance-intermittent resistance training (n = 12), endurance-continuous resistance training (n = 12) and control (n = 12). The training was performed during eight weeks, three times a week, and each session lasted for 80 to 90 minutes. Blood samples were analyzed for the concentrations of coagulation, fibrinolytic and lipid profiles before and after the completion of the training program. Results. Fibrinogen levels, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and platelet count decreased significantly at the end of the training in both intervention groups. However, serum levels of D-dimer increased significantly in both training groups. Also, the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased significantly, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly. Conclusions. Combined exercise improved most coagulation factors and lipid profiles at the end of the training period. Therefore, the results of our research suggest that a combined exercise program can improve the health of overweight women.


Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Alejandro Moreno-Azze ◽  
José Luis Arjol-Serrano ◽  
David Falcón-Miguel ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Oliver Gonzalo-Skok

Background: This study compared the effects of performing different unilateral combined training interventions on diverse vertical and horizontal jumping performance parameters, change of direction, concentric and eccentric mean power, and their associated inter-limb asymmetries in young soccer players. Methods: Forty-seven young male soccer players (age: 15.5 ± 0.9 years) were distributed into three groups. Two groups performed the same training volume with both legs, beginning with the weaker leg (Stronger Volume Weaker leg group (SVW), n = 14) or with the stronger leg (Stronger Volume Stronger leg group, (SVS), n = 15). The third group executed double the volume with the weaker leg and also commenced with such leg (Double Volume Weaker leg group (DVW), n = 16) during a 10-week period. Pre- and post-intervention tests included a single-leg hop, single-leg lateral hop, triple hop, bilateral and unilateral countermovement jumps, a change of direction speed test, concentric and eccentric mean power during the lateral squat test, and their corresponding asymmetries. Results: Single-leg hop weaker leg, triple hop weaker leg, and bilateral countermovement jump improvements were achieved in the SVW (ES: 0.29 to 0.46) and DVW (ES: 0.55 to 0.73) groups. Between-groups analysis showed better results in single-leg hop in the SVW and DVW compared to group SVS. The DVW group achieved better improvements in countermovement jump in comparison to groups SVS and SVW. Conclusions: Groups that started with the weaker leg seemed to achieve a greater volume of significant changes than when starting with the stronger leg. Performing a double volume on the weaker limb does not guarantee further improved performance compared to other groups.


Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120124
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Martins Pereira ◽  
Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues ◽  
Marcella Ramos Sant'Ana ◽  
Guilherme Francisco Peruca ◽  
Chadi Pellegrini Anaruma ◽  
...  

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