maternal characteristics
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

976
(FIVE YEARS 403)

H-INDEX

55
(FIVE YEARS 7)

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Hicks ◽  
Alexandra Confair ◽  
Kaitlyn Warren ◽  
Desirae Chandran

There is emerging evidence that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) within maternal breast milk (MBM) impart unique metabolic and immunologic effects on developing infants. Most studies examining ncRNAs in MBM have focused on microRNAs. It remains unclear whether microRNA levels are related to other ncRNAs, or whether they are impacted by maternal characteristics. This longitudinal cohort study examined 503 MBM samples from 192 mothers to: 1) identify the most abundant ncRNAs in MBM; 2) examine the impact of milk maturity on ncRNAs; and 3) determine whether maternal characteristics affect ncRNAs. MBM was collected at 0, 1, and 4 months post-delivery. High throughput sequencing quantified ncRNAs within the lipid fraction. There were 3069 ncRNAs and 238 microRNAs with consistent MBM presence (≥10 reads in ≥10% samples). Levels of 17 ncRNAs and 11 microRNAs accounted for 80% of the total RNA content. Most abundant microRNAs displayed relationships ([R]>0.2, adj p< 0.05) with abundant ncRNAs. A large proportion of ncRNAs (1269/3069; 41%) and microRNAs (206/238; 86%) were affected by MBM maturity. The majority of microRNAs (111/206; 54%) increased from 0-4 months. Few ncRNAs and microRNAs were affected (adj p < 0.05) by maternal age, race, parity, body mass index, gestational diabetes, or collection time. However, nearly half of abundant microRNAs (4/11) were impacted by diet. To our knowledge this is the largest study of MBM ncRNAs, and the first to demonstrate a relationship between MBM microRNAs and maternal diet. Such knowledge could guide nutritional interventions aimed at optimizing metabolic and immunologic microRNA profiles within MBM.


PLoS Medicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. e1003884
Author(s):  
Ipek Gurol-Urganci ◽  
Lara Waite ◽  
Kirstin Webster ◽  
Jennifer Jardine ◽  
Fran Carroll ◽  
...  

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted maternity services worldwide and imposed restrictions on societal behaviours. This national study aimed to compare obstetric intervention and pregnancy outcome rates in England during the pandemic and corresponding pre-pandemic calendar periods, and to assess whether differences in these rates varied according to ethnic and socioeconomic background. Methods and findings We conducted a national study of singleton births in English National Health Service hospitals. We compared births during the COVID-19 pandemic period (23 March 2020 to 22 February 2021) with births during the corresponding calendar period 1 year earlier. The Hospital Episode Statistics database provided administrative hospital data about maternal characteristics, obstetric inventions (induction of labour, elective or emergency cesarean section, and instrumental birth), and outcomes (stillbirth, preterm birth, small for gestational age [SGA; birthweight < 10th centile], prolonged maternal length of stay (≥3 days), and maternal 42-day readmission). Multi-level logistic regression models were used to compare intervention and outcome rates between the corresponding pre-pandemic and pandemic calendar periods and to test for interactions between pandemic period and ethnic and socioeconomic background. All models were adjusted for maternal characteristics including age, obstetric history, comorbidities, and COVID-19 status at birth. The study included 948,020 singleton births (maternal characteristics: median age 30 years, 41.6% primiparous, 8.3% with gestational diabetes, 2.4% with preeclampsia, and 1.6% with pre-existing diabetes or hypertension); 451,727 births occurred during the defined pandemic period. Maternal characteristics were similar in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, stillbirth rates remained similar (0.36% pandemic versus 0.37% pre-pandemic, p = 0.16). Preterm birth and SGA birth rates were slightly lower during the pandemic (6.0% versus 6.1% for preterm births, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.97; 5.6% versus 5.8% for SGA births, aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.96; both p < 0.001). Slightly higher rates of obstetric intervention were observed during the pandemic (40.4% versus 39.1% for induction of labour, aOR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03–1.05; 13.9% versus 12.9% for elective cesarean section, aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.11–1.14; 18.4% versus 17.0% for emergency cesarean section, aOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06–1.08; all p < 0.001). Lower rates of prolonged maternal length of stay (16.7% versus 20.2%, aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.76–0.78, p < 0.001) and maternal readmission (3.0% versus 3.3%, aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.86–0.90, p < 0.001) were observed during the pandemic period. There was some evidence that differences in the rates of preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, and unassisted vaginal birth varied according to the mother’s ethnic background but not according to her socioeconomic background. A key limitation is that multiple comparisons were made, increasing the chance of false-positive results. Conclusions In this study, we found very small decreases in preterm birth and SGA birth rates and very small increases in induction of labour and elective and emergency cesarean section during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some evidence of a slightly different pattern of results in women from ethnic minority backgrounds. These changes in obstetric intervention rates and pregnancy outcomes may be linked to women’s behaviour, environmental exposure, changes in maternity practice, or reduced staffing levels.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261222
Author(s):  
Christine Helle ◽  
Elisabet R. Hillesund ◽  
Nina C. Øverby

Facilitating positive feeding practices from infancy may be an important strategy to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Since the feeding situation early in life constitutes a bidirectional relationship, it is important to understand the impact of both maternal and infant characteristics on maternal feeding practices to intervene in a customized and tailored way. Few studies have concurrently examined associations between maternal and infant characteristics in relation to early maternal feeding practices. The aim of the present study was to explore potential associations between infant and maternal characteristics measured at child age five months, and maternal feeding styles and practices during the child’s first two years. Cross-sectional data from a Norwegian randomized controlled trial in which participants responded to questionnaires at child age 5 months (n = 474), 12 months (n = 293) and 24 months (n = 185) were used to explore potential associations. All maternal and child predictor variables were collected at child age five months. Maternal feeding styles and practices were mapped using subscales from the Infant Feeding Questionnaire at child age 5 and 12 months and the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire at child age 24 months. The subscale-scores were split into roughly equal tertiles, and the upper or lower tertile for the outcome of interest were used to create binary outcome variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were conducted for each outcome. We found that maternal education and mental health symptoms as well as infant weight, temperament and feeding mode were associated with maternal feeding styles and practices over time. Our findings indicate that risk factors which may have long-term implications for child weight and health outcomes can be identified early. Larger, population-based studies with a longitudinal design are needed to further explore these pathways.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelie Marie Aurore Guezo ◽  
Jahanfar Shayesteh ◽  
Joseph Inungu ◽  
Dandison Nat Ebeh

Abstract BackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) is one of the major child and infant health issues in the United States, standing as one of the main causes of child and infant mortality. While the importance of prenatal visits regarding pregnancy outcomes is recognized, its relationship with birth weight is still a matter of debate.ObjectivesThis study examines the relationship between the number of prenatal visits and low birth weight among children born in the United States in 2017.Study designData from the CDCs Online Birth Databases are used for this study. 3,864,754 registered children born in the U.S. in 2017 are included in the analyses. The databases also include information on maternal characteristics, pregnancy history and prenatal care characteristics, pregnancy risk factors, delivery characteristics, and infant characteristics. The outcome variable is low birth weight, defined as weight at birth lower than 2500 grams. The independent variable is the number of prenatal visits grouped in three categories (no visit, 10 visits or less, and more than 10 visits. Confounding and covariates include prematurity and plurality among others. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used, reporting unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.ResultsData from the CDCs Online Birth Databases are used for this study. 3,864,754 registered children born in the U.S. in 2017 are included in the analyses. The databases also include information on maternal characteristics, pregnancy history and prenatal care characteristics, pregnancy risk factors, delivery characteristics, and infant characteristics. The outcome variable is low birth weight, defined as weight at birth lower than 2500 grams. The independent variable is the number of prenatal visits grouped in three categories (no visit, 10 visits or less, and more than 10 visits. Confounding and covariates include prematurity and plurality among others. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used, reporting unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. ConclusionThis study reveals that the number of prenatal visits has an inverse relationship with low birth weight, even when confounding and other factors are accounted for. These findings are compatible with the notion that the more a woman goes for prenatal visits, the more likely it is to detect risks of negative pregnancy outcomes.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilope Oduyebo ◽  
Katie Kortsmit ◽  
Regina Simeone ◽  
Katherine Kahn ◽  
Hilda Razzaghi ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Influenza and tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines is recommended for pregnant women to protect themselves and their infants from adverse health outcomes. Objectives To estimate the prevalence of maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination and determine factors associated with receipt of these vaccines. Methods We analyzed 2019 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, from 43 jurisdictions. We estimated the overall prevalence of women reporting receipt of a healthcare provider offer or recommendation for influenza vaccine (n=44,528), and influenza vaccine during the 12 months before delivery (n=44,213). We also estimated Tdap vaccine receipt during pregnancy from the 21 jurisdictions (n=22,972). Maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination were examined by selected maternal characteristics and by jurisdiction. Results Overall, 86.4% of women reported being offered or recommended an influenza vaccination, and 60.8% of women reported receiving an influenza vaccination in the 12 months prior to their delivery, ranging from 36.0% in Puerto Rico to 82.1% in Rhode Island. Tdap receipt during pregnancy was 73.7%, ranging from 52.2% in Mississippi to 85.1% in Vermont. Prevalence of influenza vaccination was lower among women aged 18–24 years (52.2%), who are non-Hispanic black (44.5%), with a high school diploma or less education (51.3%), with no prenatal insurance (43.2%), having no (42.0%) prenatal care, with ≥3 previous live births (49.3%) and not offered or recommended the influenza vaccine by a healthcare provider (20.0%). Tdap vaccination also varied by all characteristics examined and was lower among similar groups of women observed to have lower influenza vaccination uptake. Conclusion In 2019, influenza and Tdap vaccination were suboptimal among women with a recent live birth. It is important that U.S. jurisdictions provide equitable access to these vaccines during pregnancy. These results may also inform efforts for vaccination for other infectious diseases among pregnant women.


Author(s):  
Linda Englund Ögge ◽  
Fiona Murray ◽  
Dominika Modzelewska ◽  
Robert Lundqvist ◽  
Staffan Nilsson ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S638
Author(s):  
Tianhua Huang ◽  
Shamim Rashid ◽  
Alan Dennis ◽  
Ellen Mak-Tam ◽  
Megan Priston ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S158
Author(s):  
Tianhua Huang ◽  
Shamim Rashid ◽  
Ellen Mak-Tam ◽  
Megan Priston ◽  
Clare Gibbons ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Fatma Cakmak Celik ◽  
Canan Aygun ◽  
Guzin Tumer ◽  
Sukru Kucukoduk ◽  
Yuksel Bek

Aim: Can NICU admission of IDM be predicted by anthropometric measurements like birth weight, lenght, head circumference (HC), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) or triceps skin fold thickness (TSFT). Method: Eighty-six-term IDMs were analyzed prospectively. MUAC, HC and TSFT were measured within 48 hours of life. Prenatal-natal-postnatal problems; NICU admission; maternal characteristics, HbA1c were recorded. Results: Mean birth weight, gestational age were 3453.3±582.4g and 38.0±0.97weeks. 63.9% of IDMs was admitted to NICU. 56.3% hospitalized due respiratory problems; 32,7 % required endotracheal intubation. Mean MUAC, TSFT, HC and MUAC/HC ratio were 11.2±1.1 cm, 7.1±2.2 mm, 35.0±1.8 cm and 0.32±0.03 cm respectively for all. Although there was no significant relation between NICU admission and MUAC (p=0.071), TSFT and MUAC/HC were significantly higher in babies admitted to NICU (p=0.006 for TSFT, p<0.001 for MUAC/HC). HC was significantly low in babies followed in NICU (P<0.001). With increment of TSFT, MUAC/HC and HbA1c, NICU admission increases positively, but HC affects NICU admission negatively (OR for TSFT:1.6, OR for MUAC/HC: 2.1, OR for HbA1c: OR for HC:0,3). Mechanic ventilation requirement is affected positively by TSFT (p=0.008, OR:1.5) and affected negatively by HC (p=0.004, OR:0.6). Conclusion: This preliminary study showed; TSFT, HC and MUAC/HC ratio are helpful criterias to predict NICU admission risk for IDMs and might be helpful for risk assesment in limited settings. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 72-78


2021 ◽  
pp. 109352662110631
Author(s):  
Nompumelelo Z. Mtshali ◽  
Steven M. Burgess ◽  
Salome Maswime ◽  
Colleen A. Wright

Introduction: Heterogeneous patterns of placental lesions in stillbirth signal important variations in placental histopathology that may be diagnostic in stillbirth. We explore placental heterogeneity and its associations with maternal characteristics (including HIV) using latent class analysis. Methods: Placental and maternal data and slides were assessed retrospectively for 122 confirmed stillbirths (gestational age ≥ 28 weeks) delivered at a major South African academic hospital between January 2016–July 2018. The slides were reviewed by 2 pathologists and classified using the Amsterdam Consensus Classification System. Latent class analyses were conducted on raw data. Results: We identify 5 latent placental classes in stillbirth based on similarity in patterns of observed diagnostic criteria and their associations with maternal characteristics. Three classes bear similarity to generalized patterns of placental injury identified previously. Our study shows that intrauterine infection was the commonest histopathological condition associated with stillbirth in our setting. Novel findings include 2 classes, distinguished by high placental RPH and maternal HIV, respectively, and the non-emergence of a class distinguished by VUE. Conclusion: The size and content of the latent classes and their similarity/dissimilarity to the more generalized patterns identified previously suggest potential new avenues for investigation and theory development concerning the role of the placenta in stillbirth and the impact of HIV.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document