«CHERNOMOR»: TO THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE LONGEST EXPERIMENT

The work is devoted to a brief description of the preparation and conduct series of scientific experiments in the underwater laboratory “Chernomor” during the period of 1967–1972. The experiments were carried out at the depths from 8 to 30 meters. The place of the experiments is the Southern Branch of the Institute of Oceanology (Gelendzhik). It was unique experiments in the duration of a person’s stay underwater. The maximum depth for “Chernomor” was identified, the optimal methods of organizing work in underwater inhabited houses and the permissible depths for the use of nitrogen-oxygen breathing mixtures were determined. Specialized medical and physiological research was carried out to develop a methodology for the selection and training of aquanauts for future scientific crews. “Chernomor” was the only underwater house in the world that served on the seabed for five seasons in a row. More than 50 scientists from all over the country worked in it in different crews. The work is a tribute to the memory of all enthusiasts and dreamers: designers and developers, engineers and technicians, divers and scientists, everyone involved in those unforgettable events.

How 2.5D Maps Design Improve the Wayfinding Performance and Spatial Ability of Map Users

Useful information can be provided by 2.5D maps that can take advantage of the additional dimension. However, aside from stereoscopic landmarks, optimal methods for presenting other essential information is unclear. Two experiments were conducted to explore how the presentation of 2.5D maps can effectively increase wayfinding performance. First, analysis was performed to understand the effects of 2.5D maps on wayfinding behavior and map reading. Then, a 2.5D map design was proposed and verified to optimize the 2.5D map presentation of urban environments. The results showed that compared with users of low view angle maps, those using high view angle maps orientated more easily with elements of the map during wayfinding tasks. High view angle maps allowed superior performance, and including transparency and lines improved wayfinding performance. The participants using maps that were opaque and with lines exhibited the most confusion and hesitation. The participants who used maps that were transparent and had lines exhibited the least confusion and hesitation. Highlighting buildings at intersections can help map users use the intersections as references and increase their intuitive spatial ability.

To the development of optimal methods for licorice seeds growing (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) in irrigated lands of the Republic of Karakalpakstan

The research was carried out at the Nukus branch of the Tashkent State Agrarian University.The article presents the results of research on the development of optimal methods for growing licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) from seeds on salinity lands of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. In particular, the optimal rates of application of potassium geohumate for soaking licorice seeds, the rate of washing during soil desalination, the rates of mineral fertilizers and irrigation have been determined. The study of the effect of potassium geohumate on seed germination showed that soaking licorice seeds in a 0.05% solution of potassium geohumate for 3 days followed by drying the seeds in the open air provided the best germination on the 30th day after sowing and amounted to 72.6%, while the germination of licorice in the variant with the use of 0.03% potassium geohumate solution was 38.6%. The germination of the control variant was only 22.3%. It has also been established that the optimal rate of mineral fertilization for licorice is the application of 300 kg/ha of superphosphate, 150 kg/ha of potassium and 100 kg/ha of ammonium nitrate for 8 irrigations with a rate of 600 m3/ha.

Legal safeguard of trademark is in Ukraine at level of national legislation

In this paper theoretical and practical questions are considered in relation to trademarks, the legislative base of institute of intellectual property is Analysed that touches a trade ark exactly, The legislative base of institute of intellectual property is analysed that touches a trade ark exactly, namely by Constitution of Ukraine, Civil Code of Ukraine; Economic to Code of Ukraine; A law of Ukraine is “On the guard of rights on signs for commodities and services”, Law of Ukraine “On protecting from an unfair competition”, Law of Ukraine “About an advertisement”. Drawn conclusion in relation to the legal adjusting of rights that is given by national legal acts and terms of grant of legal safeguard that research is examined in scientific. During consideration of this research a question is considered, that it is exactly necessary it is necessary to bear in a mind at determination of concept trademark, investigational that is grounds for acquisition of legal safeguard on a trademark and outlined that are grounds at confession of trademark invalid. Problems that appear in the field of the legal adjusting of trademark in Ukraine are investigational. The aspects of legal methods of protection of ownership rights are reflected on trademarks, and also the ways of analysis of situation and most optimal methods and effective mechanisms of defence are certain. In detail paid attention during research of functions, that is executed by a trademark and their maintenance that to our opinion has an important value for understanding of features of her legal defense is considered. By the basic functions of trademark certainly: replacement commodity or services among other partial, that are in civil turnover; replacement on the origin of commodity or services; industry on certain of commodity of services; advertising of this commodity of services.

Physical De-Icing Techniques for Wind Turbine Blades

The review reflects physical solutions for de-icing, one of the main problems that impedes the efficient use of wind turbines for autonomous energy resources in cold regions. This topic is currently very relevant for ensuring the dynamic development of wind energy in the Arctic. The review discusses an effective anti-icing strategy for wind turbine blades, including various passive and active physical de-icing techniques using superhydrophobic coatings, thermal heaters, ultrasonic and vibration devices, operating control to determine the optimal methods and their combinations. After a brief description of the active methods, the energy consumption required for their realization is estimated. Passive methods do not involve extra costs, so the review focuses on the most promising solutions with superhydrophobic coatings. Among them, special attention is paid to plastic coatings with a lithographic method of applying micro and nanostructures. This review is of interest to researchers who develop new effective solutions for protection against icing, in particular, when choosing systems for protecting wind turbines.

Peculiarities of restoration of architectural graphics on the tracing paper on the example of architect's projects Pavlo Aloshyn

The purpose of the article is to analyse the main technologies of production of the tracing paper, to determine their characteristics and their influence on the state of preservation and methods of restoration. To describe the practical experience of restoration on the example of two projects executed on the tracing paper by architect P. Alyoshyn (projects). Methodology: analyse the art, methods of systematization, comparison, and generalization to determine the optimal methods of restoration and conservation measures for the preservation of heritage on the tracing paper. The scientific novelty consists in the introduction into scientific circulation of a comprehensive study of the main features and the implementation of restoration and conservation measures to preserve the works of architectural graphics on the tracing paper. Conclusions. The analysis of factors that should be considered when carrying out conservation and restoration measures for the preservation of collections made on tracing paper allow us to apply the experience gained in practice of preservation of monuments. It is established that the types and methods of making tracing paper affect the state of preservation and selection of methods for restoration and conservation processes. The successful practical experience of restoration of two works by architect P. Alyoshyn executed on tracing paper - "Concert hall" and "Facade of the Zemsky house" is described.

A Study of Parents’ Readiness to Raise Children with Intellectual Disabilities

The readiness of parents to raise children with intellectual disabilities is a set of emotional-motivational, cognitive and activity components, the formation of which ensures an adequate attitude of family members to the child and the choice of optimal methods of its upbringing. The article highlights the results of a study of parents’ readiness for family upbringing of children with intellectual disabilities, the research methodology is described, and a detailed analysis of the results is presented. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that a significant part of parents raising child with intellectual disabilities accept the child and its disorders at the psychological level, but they are emotionally depressed that their child has developmental disabilities. The vast majority of parents are not sufficiently aware of the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of their children, the age dynamics of their development. This negatively affects the choice of tactics and methods of education, knowledge about possible problems in learning and further adult life.

Unity and Difference of Clinical Nutrition and Nutritional Support Strategy for Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: National Recommendations and Recommendations of ESPEN

Nutritional support is one of the additional treatment methods for the exocrine pancreatic insufficiency consequences in chronic pancreatitis. Nutritional insufficiency risk assessment in these patients, timely diagnosis, and its correction are based on the use of the most optimal methods and treatment schemes. The article presents an overview and analysis of the European Association for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recently published guidelines on nutritional support in chronic pancreatitis