AGE AND GENDER FEATURES OF FORMATION SOMATIC PATHOLOGIES AT INFLUENCE OF NOISE

Relevance. Noise is the most common harmful factor in the production of titanium alloys. The aim of the study is to identify age and gender features of the formation of general somatic morbidity associated with the impact of industrial noise at a large metallurgical enterprise. Scope and methods. The study compared the prevalence of chronic pathology of 4681 people who have contact with noise above 80 dBA, and those who are not exposed to noise using the methodology of occupational risk analysis of the Research Institute of Occupational Medicine. academician N. F. Izmerov according to the results of a periodic medical examination The results. The formation of general somatic pathology of many systems of the body under the influence of industrial noise occurs from the first years of operation. An increased risk of developing ear pathology was identified with work experience of more than 7 years. Men under the influence of noise had a significantly higher prevalence of diseases of the ear and digestive organs than women, with higher risks compared to those who were not exposed to noise and a medium to high relationship with working conditions. Conclusion. The revealed features of the formation of general somatic pathology under the influence of industrial noise allow us to recommend the introduction of health and rehabilitation programs from the first years of working in noise, even during the period of adaptation of young workers to the production environment.

Exposure to industrial noise: impacts on cognitive performance

Research on the relation between exposure to noise and cognitive performance inside industrial environments is not as broad as on office environments. For a better understanding of the specific industrial noise problems, participants performed arithmetic tests inside a hemi anechoic room while they were exposed to sounds of five typical industrial noise sources. The subjects also classified how annoying they perceived the noise signals. The effect of noise on the arithmetic test's performance was larger on accuracy than on velocity, which was verified using a Student t-test. Spectral-temporal characteristics - especially high frequency content and strong low frequency modulation - appear to relate better with lower performance on the test than high sound levels. Subjects that evaluated noise as more annoying performed worse in a final arithmetic test (under silence) after being exposed to the noises, indicating a possible cumulative effect of noise on performance. The findings provide a better insight in the cognitive behavior of people who are exposed to industrial noise. Hence, the study will proceed with the specific noise analysis of single industrial workplaces.

Impact of combined hazardous production factors on the development of comorbidal pathology in men working in a large industrial enterprise of Tyumen

Aim. To establish the strength and direction of the correlation between the comorbidity index depending on the combined impact of harmful production factors in men working at a large industrial enterprise in Tyumen. Materials and methods. A single-stage retrospective cohort study of working men in industrial conditions was carried out. Anamnestic, clinical, laboratory, biochemical, instrumental methods were used. Diagnoses were made on the basis of modern clinical guidelines criteria. The groups were comparable in age and formed depending on the number of harmful production factors. Study group n = 52 – men with multiple 3-5 harmful production factors (industrial noise, general vibration, height at work, exposure to welding aerosol, night shifts, static stress) as the number of the following professions increases: crane operators, bulldozer operators, and compressor installations, fitters, electricians for maintenance of electrical equipment, batchers of concrete components. mixtures, electric and gas welders, Kamaz drivers of the 2nd class, locksmiths, repairmen, molders of reinforced concrete products and structures, loaders, operators of the equipment control panel, installers, plumber on duty; their average age in the group was 44.8 ± 14.7. Control group n = 50 – men with 1-2 harmful production factors (industrial noise, static stress) as the number increases in the presence of the following professions: site managers, janitor, auxiliary workers, class 1 bus drivers, construction and installation work foremen, fitters for the repair and maintenance of gas equipment, concrete workers, carpenters; their average age in the group was 43.8 ± 16.2. Results. Between the combined effects of harmful production factors with the comorbidity index, a direct strong correlation was established r = 0.841 ***, p < 0.001 (95% CI 0.672-0.926) according to the Pearson method in the study group, whose experience was 2.2 years longer, then as in the control group, no statically significant correlation was found r = 0.339, p > 0.05 (95% CI -0.065-0.647) according to Pearson’s method. Conclusion. The combined effect of 3-5 harmful production factors is statistically significant with an increase in length of service increases the risk of developing comorbid pathology in men of working age working at a large industrial enterprise, which increases the 10-year risk of fatal complications.

Clinical and phenotypical features of stroke and forecast in workers under exposure industrial noise

Introduction. The problem of preventing the development of stroke in workers under the influence of harmful production factors is urgent. The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of stroke in men under conditions of industrial noise exposure, to establish the prognostic value in the formation and course of the disease. Material and methods. The study involved 71 men with stroke from 30 to 65 years old, who worked in conditions of industrial noise in the professions of "pilot of civil aviation aircraft" and "adjuster of railway construction machines" for 5 years or more. In order to develop a mathematical model for predicting the development of stroke and to establish an individual risk, a group of 81 men from 30 to 65 years old, working under conditions of exposure to occupational noise for 5 years or more, who had no history of stroke data, were also examined. Using the method of sequential inclusion of the studied risk factors (Forward Stepwise), we selected those that made an independent significant contribution to the development of stroke. Based on the results obtained, a logistic regression formula was created, which determines the likelihood of stroke in men working under conditions of occupational noise. Results. In the group of patients with stroke, persons of middle age were found significantly more often - 53.5%. Ischemic stroke prevailed among clinical forms - 90.1%. Among the risk factors prevailed: arterial hypertension (AH) in 100.0% of cases, dyslipidemia factor in 78.9%, smoking factor in 59.1%. A direct moderate correlation was found between the level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and the index of the NIHSS 1 and NIHSS 2 scales. The influence of the following factors on the development of stroke was established: the level of total cholesterol (β-coefficient=1.0, p=0.001), the presence of atrial fibrillation factor (β-coefficient=2.9, p=0.004), the presence of a factor of alcohol abuse (β-coefficient=1.1, p=0.049), the patient has a diagnosis of grade 2 AH (β-coefficient=13, p=0.041) or a diagnosis of grade 3 hypertension (β-coefficient=1.8, p=0.008). A p(X) value exceeding 0.5 indicates a high risk of developing a stroke. The sensitivity of the proposed method was 76.1%, specificity - 74.1%. Conclusion. The proposed multivariate model is informative for the individual prediction of the development of stroke in men working in conditions of exposure to occupational noise, because reflects the degree of influence of one factor or another on the development of the disease.

Assessment of the working conditions under exposed to noise and infrason

Currently in healthcare of the Russian Federation created a system of measures to combat the harmful effects of industrial noise on workers. However, the level of specific and nonspecific morbidity rates the effect of industrial noise is not reduced, and the incidence of occupational diseases tends to increase. This is due to several reasons, including a large number of sources of noise, not enough high quality of medical examinations, lack of and low effectiveness of means of individual protection from noise and others. Noise is one of the leading places among the harmful physical factors in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Features noise resulting from the operation of military equipment and armament is its high intensity, intermittent nature, the presence in the spectrum of low and infrasonic frequencies. Noise exposure leads to the development of diseases, primarily of the organ of hearing, increase in total morbidity and the reduction of military-professional health. In the normative documents of the military medical service the noise is not identified as a harmful factor leading to the development of occupational diseases that were not fully developed the issues of professional selection and medical examination of noise pathology. System noise control should be comprehensive and include organizational and technical measures, special assessment of working conditions, monitoring of noise sources, the presence and correct application of means of protection against noise professional selection, clinical monitoring, medical examination, treatment and preventive measures. Existing in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation the system of measures for the fight against harmful impact of noise on military personnel requires revision in accordance with the existing state legislative framework.