Scenario of Municipal Waste Management in Malaysia

Malaysia has rapidly modernized, with most of the population now residing in cities and the remainder in rural or remote areas. The amount of municipal solid waste generated has increased in tandem with the country's rapid urbanization in response to that statement. Due to a lack of connectivity in rural areas, there may be insufficient infrastructure for a proper waste management system. As a result, illegal waste dumping was common, and landfills' massive volumes of waste may contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The Malaysian government has responded by taking the necessary steps to upgrade the country's current waste management system in order to better manage municipal solid waste disposal. This research looks at how energy recovery from accumulated waste can be used as a renewable energy source, as well as the current issues, challenges, and proposed solutions. Methane gas produced as a byproduct of waste decomposition in landfills or disposal sites was used to generate electricity more efficiently and sustainably, resulting in a positive economic and environmental outcome.

A 5G-Enabled Smart Waste Management System for University Campus

Future university campuses will be characterized by a series of novel services enabled by the vision of Internet of Things, such as smart parking and smart libraries. In this paper, we propose a complete solution for a smart waste management system with the purpose of increasing the recycling rate in the campus and provide better management of the entire waste cycle. The system is based on a prototype of a smart waste bin, able to accurately classify pieces of trash typically produced in the campus premises with a hybrid sensor/image classification algorithm, as well as automatically segregate the different waste materials. We discuss the entire design of the system prototype, from the analysis of requirements to the implementation details and we evaluate its performance in different scenarios. Finally, we discuss advanced application functionalities built around the smart waste bin, such as optimized maintenance scheduling.

Ecology-oriented social entrepreneurship: analysis of waste management legal regulation in Russia

The article deals with the main issues of municipal and industrial waste management legal regulation. The authors substantiate the idea that waste management entrepreneurs are environmental entrepreneurs, which in turn belong to social entrepreneurship. The relevance of legal research on the regulation of environmental-oriented social entrepreneurship lies in the fact that the system of legal regulation of environmental entrepreneurship has not been formed. Moreover, environmental entrepreneurship is not classified as social entrepreneurship. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the concept according to which entrepreneurial activity in the field of waste recycling and environmental protection should be considered through the prism of social entrepreneurship. The leading approach is dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, formal legal method and comparative legal method. Conclusions: The performed analysis can contribute to the creation of developed environmental-entrepreneurial relations in Russia, which is achieved by building a verified conceptual and categorical apparatus, defining a model of legal regulation. Legislative regulation related to waste management is new, unsystematic, declarative and sometimes contradictory. To implement an effective waste management system, it is necessary to create an open and understandable waste management system, where citizens, legal entities and government bodies will be involved and motivated for its implementation. It is required to exclude the creation of intermediate links, such as regional operators, since their existence only causes a negative reaction from society. Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-011-00222.

Waste Management in Jakarta Recycle Centre: Case Study of Pesanggrahan, Jakarta

Waste management is collecting, transporting, processing, and recycling waste materials from the Household, 3R Waste Management Site/Integrated Waste Management Site, and the landfill. Optimal waste management can reduce the impact of environmental pollution caused by waste. The current community paradigm in waste management is still in the collect-transport-dispose. This paper describes how Pesanggrahan District manages its waste by applying a new paradigm, namely reduce-sorted-processing. This paper aims to evaluate the waste management system at the Jakarta Recycle Center (JRC), Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta, and identify peer-reviewed documents in the waste management system. This study approaches a semi-systematic review by reviewing relevant documents. The waste transportation scheme carried out in the JRC program is divided into four types on seven different days. The composition of the most significant waste in JRC is organic waste. Two methods carry out the processing of organic waste, namely composting and BSF. With the support of sufficient waste transportation and processing facilities from the government, the JRC can become a pilot program that can be applied in other areas in managing their waste.