near work
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

183
(FIVE YEARS 68)

H-INDEX

21
(FIVE YEARS 4)

2022 ◽  
pp. 200-221
Author(s):  
Ida Chung

Accommodation disorders are associated with a host of etiologies. Children with accommodative disorders can present with various symptoms including blur, fluctuating vision, eye pain, burning sensation, tired eyes, asthenopia, headaches, fatigue with near work, and excessive rubbing, blinking, or tearing. This chapter provides an overview of accommodation testing on pediatric patients in the clinical setting. The author describes the indications for accommodation testing and provides clinical pearls for testing accommodative function in children. The chapter covers the specific tests, equipment required, and step-by-step procedures for testing accommodative amplitude, accommodative response, and accommodative facility.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Shukla ◽  
Lisa Ostrin

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand how the visual activity of highschool students in Houston changed due to quarantine and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether these behaviors were different between myopes and non-myopes. Methods: Thirty-one participants (16.3±0.8 years, 8 females), including 12 myopes and 8 non-myopes, wore a Clouclip and Actiwatch for a week. The Clouclip records working distance and the Actiwatch measures light exposure, physical activity, and sleep duration. A questionnaire was also completed regarding demographics, ocular history, and visual behaviors. Results: Data showed that myopic participants engaged in near work (working distances of 10 to <60 cm) for 8.4±2.6 hours on a week day and 6.5±2.1 hours on a weekend day. Non-myopic participants engaged in near work for 6.1±2.7 hours on a week day and 4.5±1.9 hours on a weekend day. While weekend near work was significantly different between refractive error groups (P<.05), weekday near work (P=.08) was not. There were no differences between refractive error groups for daily light exposure (P = .89), time outdoors (P = .44), or sleep duration (P = .80). Conclusions: There was no significant change in sleep duration and physical activity regardless of refractive error over the pandemic, while results revealed a significant decrease in outdoor light exposure and the increase in near and intermediate work, especially with electronic devices such as the computer.


2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319306
Author(s):  
Zhuoting Zhu ◽  
Yanxian Chen ◽  
Zachary Tan ◽  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Myra Beth McGuinness ◽  
...  

In 2018, a consortium of government bodies in China led by the Ministry of Education released the Comprehensive Plan to Prevent Nearsightedness among Children and Teenagers (CPPNCT), aiming to reduce the incidence of myopia and control myopic progression in China. Recommendations span from home-based to school-based interventions, including time outdoors, physical activity, light exposure, near-work activity, screen time, Chinese eye exercises, diet and sleep. To date, the levels of evidence for this suite of interventions have not been thoroughly investigated. This review has summarised the evidence of the interventions recommended by the CPPNCT in myopia prevention and control. Thus, the following statements are supposed by the evidence: (1) Increasing time outdoors and reducing near-work time are effective in lowering incident myopia in school-aged children. (2) All interventions have a limited effect on myopia progression. Ongoing research may lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of myopia development, the interaction of different interventions and recommendations, confounding variables and their true effect on myopia prevention, and the identification of those most likely to respond to specific interventions. This field may also benefit from longer-term studies of the various interventions or strategies covered within this review article, to better understand the persistence of treatment effects over time and explore more novel approaches to myopia control.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Waleed M. Alghamdi ◽  
Muhammed S. Alluwimi ◽  
Sulaiman A. Aldakhil ◽  
Majid A. Moafa ◽  
Mansour A. Alghamdi

It has been reported that refractive errors (RE) and binocular vision (BV) anomalies are common among university students. In this study we aimed to assess RE and BV status among university students in Saudi Arabia, and its relation to the academic performance. We recruited 109 participants (aged from 18 to 21 years). Visual acuity (VA) and objective refraction were used to assess the refractive status. Cover test, near-point convergence (NPC) and stereopsis tests were used to assess the BV status. Convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS) was applied to quantify near-work related symptoms. Mann-Whitney U test (p value was set as p &lt; 0.05) was used to compare VA, CISS, NPC and the academic performance between the groups who had heterophoria versus orthophoria. We found that there was only 38% emmetrope, while the percentage of heterophoria was 45.8%. The academic performance was not statistically different among the two groups, but CISS and stereopsis scores were significantly different (p &lt; 0.03). We concluded that RE and BV anomalies were common among university students in Saudi Arabia, but did not affect the academic performance. More studies are warranted to understand the low scores of CISS and stereoacuity, and their association with RE and BV anomalies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5462
Author(s):  
Kiwako Mori ◽  
Hidemasa Torii ◽  
Yutaka Hara ◽  
Michiko Hara ◽  
Erisa Yotsukura ◽  
...  

The fact that outdoor light environment is an important suppressive factor against myopia led us to invent violet light-transmitting eyeglasses (VL glasses) which can transmit violet light (VL), 360–400 nm in wavelength, for the suppression of myopia, and can meanwhile block harmful ultraviolet waves from sunlight. The current study is a double-blinded randomized clinical trial to investigate the myopia-suppressive effect of VL glasses compared to conventional eyeglasses (placebo glasses) that do not transmit VL. The subjects were children aged from 6 to 12 years old, the population in which myopia progression is generally accelerated, and the myopia suppressive effect was followed up for two years in a city in Japan. Periodical ophthalmic examinations, interviews, and measurements of reflection and axial length under mydriasis were performed at the initial visit (the baseline) and at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The mean change in axial length in the VL glasses group was significantly smaller than in the placebo glasses group when time for near-work was less than 180 min and when the subjects were limited to those who had never used eyeglasses before this trial (p < 0.01); however, this change was not significant without subgrouping. The suppressive rate for axial elongation in the VL glasses group was 21.4% for two years.


2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (43) ◽  
pp. e2104689118
Author(s):  
Miaozhen Pan ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Bintao Xie ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Sen Zhang ◽  
...  

Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. However, a safe and accessible approach for myopia control and prevention is currently unavailable. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of dietary supplements of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on myopia progression in animal models and on decreases in choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP) caused by near work, a risk factor for myopia in young adults. We demonstrated that daily gavage of ω-3 PUFAs (300 mg docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] plus 60 mg eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) significantly attenuated the development of form deprivation myopia in guinea pigs and mice, as well as of lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs. Peribulbar injections of DHA also inhibited myopia progression in form-deprived guinea pigs. The suppression of myopia in guinea pigs was accompanied by inhibition of the “ChBP reduction–scleral hypoxia cascade.” Additionally, treatment with DHA or EPA antagonized hypoxia-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in cultured human scleral fibroblasts. In human subjects, oral administration of ω-3 PUFAs partially alleviated the near-work–induced decreases in ChBP. Therefore, evidence from these animal and human studies suggests ω-3 PUFAs are potential and readily available candidates for myopia control.


2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Na Rae Jeong ◽  
Seung Hun Lee ◽  
Yun Jin Kim ◽  
Jeong Gyu Lee ◽  
Yu Hyeon Yi ◽  
...  

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between near work time and depression. Methods: Data of 1,551 workers aged 19–49 years from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined. The Patient Health Questionaire-9 scores were used to screen for depression. Participants who scored a total of 10 or above, which is suggestive of the presence of depression, were classified as the depression group; the rest were classified as normal. The correlation between daily near work time and depression was analyzed using multivariate logistic analysis after adjusting for other sociodemographic and health behavior-related variables. Results: Multivariate logistic analysis found that workers with 3 or more hours of near work were more likely to report depression compared to the reference group who had 2 or fewer hours per day of near work (adjusted odds ratio, 2.471; 95% confidence interval, 1.062–5.747). Conclusion: Longer near work time was associated with depression among South Korea’s workers. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce near work time to prevent depression.


Author(s):  
Anan A. Aljawi ◽  
Albandri A. Alahmari ◽  
Amaal M. Alharbi ◽  
Aseel T. Baflah ◽  
Fatimah A. Alhaddad ◽  
...  

Background: Visual discomfort or asthenopia is presented through unpleasant somatic and perceptual symptoms including headaches, fatigue, light sensitivity, blurred text, diplopia, movement of letters, and fading and impaired reading performance. Its etiology can be prolonged exposure to near work tasks such as reading or computer use. The American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus stated that vision problems could negatively affect learning. Objectives: To measure the prevalence of visual discomfort among the medical students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) and evaluate its effect on their academic performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 at KAU in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia with 417 medical students. The data were collected using an electronic questionnaire that was sent to their phone numbers. The statistical analyses were done using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21. Results: The visual discomfort symptom scores demonstrated that 87% of the participants scored low, while 12.2% scored moderately; none of the participants scored high. We did not find any significant relationship between visual discomfort and students' cumulative GPA or GPA of the last semester. We noted that the most common visual discomfort symptoms were associated with reading and light sensitivity. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that visual discomfort symptoms did not affect the cumulative or last semester GPA.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document