Pulmonary choristoma in a new-born calf with multiple cranial and nervous malformations

ABSTRACT: Multiple congenital malformations can occur concomitantly in several species since the anomaly in one organ may lead directly to the malformation of another. Additionally, the etiology is not always clarified. Choristoma refers to an ectopic tissue that is histologically normal in an abnormal location. A case of pulmonary and nodal choristoma associated with cranioschisis, hydrocephalus, and syringomyelia in a new-born calf is reported here. Clinically, the calf had a mass in the frontal region of the head associated with local bone deformation. At necropsy, there was cranioschisis in the junction of the frontal bones and a 14 × 10 × 7 cm mass, grossly consistent with well-differentiated pulmonary tissue covered by skin, covering the opening between the frontal bones, and extending into the cranial cavity, leading to local cerebral compression. With the pulmonary choristoma, there was a well-differentiated lymphoid tissue. Additionally, in the central nervous system, there was severe hydrocephalus involving lateral ventricles and multiple areas of syringomyelia in the spinal cord.

Effect of maternal anemia on cord blood haemoglobin of newborn

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is linked to major maternal and fetal problems. The aim of the study was to find any correlation between maternal anemia and neonatal cord blood haemoglobin (Hb) levels.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the department of pediatrics and department of obstetrics and gynaecology at the Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki over 9 months from January 2021 to September 2021. A total of 308 pregnant females more than 34 weeks of gestation who delivered participated in the study and cord blood hemoglobin of their new-born was collected. The mean maternal hemoglobin and mean cord blood hemoglobin were compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient in different groups i.e., non-anemic, anemic, mild, moderate, and severe anemic groups. Results: Out of 308 pregnant women, 198 (64.3%) were anemic, and 110 (35.7%) were nonanemic. The mean maternal hemoglobin among non-anemic mothers and anemic mothers was 11.91 (0.70) and 9.14 (1.56) respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient of non-anemic, anemic, mild, moderate, and severe anemic groups were 0.6985, 0.8453, 0.7772, 0.6321, and 0.7226 respectively with a statistically significant p value<0.05 showing a positive correlation between maternal hemoglobin and cord hemoglobin.Conclusions: From this study, we concluded that maternal anemia affects neonatal cord blood hemoglobin. According to the findings, anemic women deliver new-born with lower hemoglobin levels than non-anemic mothers. The findings revealed a linear correlation between maternal hemoglobin and cord blood hemoglobin of their new-born.

OVERVIEW OF IMMEDIATE NEW-BORN CHECK-UP

There's proof from maternity hospital-based settings in developing countries that newborn resuscitation education of the staff diminishes new-born deaths from inborn associated events, such as neonatal asphyxia (by 30%), with potential saving 93,700 neonates globally per year by investigating missed attendance of birth clinics or maternity hospitals, together with (up to 192,000) new-born at 90% scope, as it was considering the impact on intrapartum-related neonatal passings. In an arrangement to realize a higher reduction in intrapartum-related newborn passing's, preterm delivery and intrapartum death, a compelling obstetric plan is considered as the most vital intercession and this ought to be complemented with prompt infant care and resuscitation. There is expanding venture in obstetric care, yet to be coordinated by viable execution and supportability of quick infant care and essential newborn resuscitation. Within the private settings, prompt basic care at birth is essential and accessible, even though evaluated by specialists to be of low effects (10% on before delivery and on stillbirths associated with newborn passings). private hospital settingsbased newborn revival may minimise all the reasons of newborn and before delivery deaths, but available information is critical and controversial to directly gauge an effect size from the prove. Future researches ought to endeavour to address impediments distinguished here especially in terms of intercession definitions, plan, comparative control group, outcome identification and subdivision of reasons of stillbirths and neonatal passings. Whereas the available types of evidence for incitement at delivery and neonatal revival are low, mostly since they are regarded as a plan of care, there is adequate and consistent prove of effect. However, such fundamental care stays irregular particularly for the global 60 million home births. Disentangled preparing plan, and effective protocol, low price hardware are presently ac

New Born Calf Serum Can Induce Spheroid Formation in Breast Cancer KAIMRC1 Cell Line

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems have become very popular in the field of drug screening and discovery. There is an immense demand for highly efficient and easy methods to produce 3D spheroids in any cell format. We have developed a novel and easy method to produce spheroids from the newly isolated KAIMRC1 cell line in vitro. It can be used as a 3D model to study proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and drug response of cancer cells. Our procedure requires growth media supplemented with 10% new born calf serum (NBCS) and regular cell culture plates to generate KAIMRC1 spheroids without the need for any specialized 3D cell culture system. This procedure generates multiple spheroids within a 12–24-h culture. KAIMRC1 spheroids are compact, homogeneous in size and morphology with a mean size of 55.8 µm (±3.5). High content imaging (HCI) of KAIMRC1 spheroids treated with a panel of 240 compounds resulted in the identification of several highly specific compounds towards spheroids. Immunophenotyping of KAIMRC1 spheroids revealed phosphorylation of FAK, cJUN, and E-cadherin, which suggests the involvement of JNK/JUN pathway in the KAIMRC1 spheroids formation. Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of cell junction genes, GJB3, DSC1, CLDN5, CLDN8, and PLAU. Furthermore, co-culture of KAIMRC1 cells with primary cancer-associated-fibroblasts (CAFs) showcased the potential of these cells in drug discovery application.

Neonatal chikungunya encephalitis

Chikungunya is a tropical viral disease and can present in the new born with perinatal transmission. Presentation usually mimics sepsis and high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis specially at times of outbreak. Characteristic skin rash and perioral blotchy hyperpigmentation can point to diagnosis along with laboratory confirmation with RTPCR.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS TOWARDS COVID 19 PREVENTIVE MEASURES AT WOMEN AND NEW BORN HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITALS IN LUSAKA ZAMBIA

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and Practices among healthcare workers towards covid 19 preventive measures at Women and New-born Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at WNH-UTH, Lusaka. Convenient sample of 264 frontline healthcare workers responded to self-administered questionnaire to determine their knowledge, attitudes and practices on COVID 19 preventive measures. Results: Majority (31.9%) of the respondents were aged 25 : 29 years. The study revealed that 63.4% had a good knowledge, 60.3% had positive attitudes and 59.9% had a good practice. Attitude was positively related with practice (r = 0.524, p < 0.001) and knowledge (r = 0.469; p < 0.001). Further, knowledge was positively correlated with practice (r = 0.51; p < 0.001). Bivariate analysis results showed that only high knowledge score (75.6%; p < 0.001) and high attitude score (77.6%; p < 0.001) was associated with an increase in good practice among healthcare workers towards Covid 19 preventive measures. Conclusion: The study showed the need for continued assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice among healthcare workers towards Covid 19 preventive measures. It further showed the need of designing interventions aimed at encouraging sustained compliance to preventive measures among healthcare workers to prevent COVID 19 transmission.