Assessing design buildability through virtual reality from the perspective of construction students

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of visual models on the ability of construction students to assess design buildability.Design/methodology/approachThe study engaged 45 construction students from one selected tertiary education institute in New Zealand. The data collection process involved meeting the students face-to-face and demonstrating the VR model to them, after which the students completed an online questionnaire and assessed design buildability using both 2D drawing and virtual reality (VR) models. To make this assessment, the participants considered a residential earth building modelled to promote sustainable building features. The assessment process required the participants to evaluate the design buildability of the same building design using a 2D drawing and a 3D VR model.FindingsThe study found that VR models have significant advantages for assessing design buildability. Students measured 16.80% higher average buildability with the 3D VR model compared to the 2D drawing. The participants in the evaluation felt that the visual model significantly improved the comprehensibility of complex designs, which helped identify and manage design buildability (overall, 83% of participants strongly supported this).Originality/valueThe paper showed construction digitisation such as VR, augmented reality and building information modelling is highly cooperative as it can easily be made available for online learning. Thus, the findings support construction educators use online-based VR learning to promote efficient teaching of design buildability to students.

Revised taxonomy and early evolution of fasciculiths at the Danian–Selandian transition

We present a taxonomic revision of the family Fasciculithaceae focused on forms that characterize the early evolution of this family group, which are currently included within the genera Gomphiolithus, Diantholitha, Lithoptychius and Fasciculithus. The investigation approach is based on a combined light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of specimens from well-preserved ODP–DSDP site material (ODP Site 1209; Site 1262; ODP Site 1267; DSDP Site 356; DSDP Site 119) and outcrops (Bottaccione and Contessa, Italy; Qreiya, Egypt) across the Danian–Selandian transition. The direct LM–SEM comparison of the same individual specimen provides clarification of several taxa that were previously described only with the LM. One new genus (Tectulithus), five new combinations (Tectulithus janii, Tectulithus merloti, Tectulithus pileatus, Tectulithus stegastos and Tectulithus stonehengei) and six new species are defined (Diantholitha pilula, Diantholitha toquea, Lithoptychius galeottii, Lithoptychius maioranoae, Tectulithus pagodiformis and Fasciculithus realeae). The main characteristics useful to identify fasciculiths with the LM are provided, together with a 3D–2D drawing showing the main structural features. The accurate taxonomic characterization grants the development of an evolutionary lineage that documents a great fasciculith diversification during the late Danian and early Selandian. Four different well-constrained events have been documented: the lowest occurrence (LO) of Gomphiolithus, the paracme of Fasciculithaceae at the top of Chron C27r (PTC27r), the radiation of Diantholitha (LO Diantholitha), the paracme of Fasciculithaceae at the base of Chron C26r (PBC26r), the radiation of Lithoptychius (LO Lithoptychius) and the radiation of Tectulithus (lowest common occurrence of Tectulithus) that shows the biostratigraphic relevance of this group across the Danian–Selandian transition.

ANALISIS CETAKAN INJEKSI PLASTIK IMPELLER POMPA AIR PADA KAPAL NELAYAN APLIKASI CAD/CAE/CAM

Most of the fishermen in Indonesia, using pumps to drain water in the ship. The use of pumps insea water often lead to rapid corrosion, especially on the impeller. Impeller manufacture of plasticmaterials is an alternative to solve this problem. Stages in the designing mould of plastic impeller is with3D and 2D drawing, choose a suitable polymer material, making mold of product, selecting componentsof mold and simulating the result. In designing mould of plastic impeller used software to simulate theplastic mould with mould parameters plastic inserts to get the best results before the completion ofproduction. As for plastic injection machine that is used to clamp force 1000 ton capacity with 8 pieces ineach injection products and using nylon material, 281,1oC temperature parameters, 62 sec of cycle timeand 80,552 MPa pressure.

Standards for Transition from 2D Drawing to Model Based Definition in Mechanical Engineering

The main tools of CAD: the 2D Drawing/Drafting or 3D Parametric Feature Based Solid/Surface Modelling are used for product development. CAD systems increase the quality of drawings and reduce the time for its preparation. In this process, it is very important to use the valid standards for the drawings and technical documentation. Standardization documents describing the rules, regulations and requirements of production methods, concepts, symbols, constructor’s drawings and other documents are very important in all areas of industry.

Bridge Design and Analysis using BIM Software

In the Bridge project, design and analysis include two main components: preliminary design and detailed design, to integrate Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the design process of the Bridge. Firstly 3D modelling of the Bridge needs to be carried out, that means. It has transferred 2D drawing into 3D models. The BIM mainly focuses on modelling analysis, detection and feedback and design. Cantilever bridge construction is a step-by-step construction of a cantilever in segments and stitching them to segments previously casted by prestressing. When the cantilever segments are added to both sides of the pier, the bending moment in Bridge is negative & increases with the addition of each segment. While key blocks are added, the Bridge is converted from cantilever form to continuous form & the negative bending moment on the pier decreases. In this project, a bridge model of span 130 m has been designed and analysed in midas civil to observe the rate of change of Bending moment, reactions and deflections at different stages of construction in construction sequence and Service conditions.

Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Sustainable Architecture: Current Knowledge

Innovative technologies help automate the work of the designer. A 3D model of the building can be used to calculate the required values. This will also allow you to create associative sections that, when changing the geometry of the 3D model, automatically adjust the drawn elements on the resulting 2D drawing. Information technologies enable participants from all over the world to work on one project and, thanks to the BIM (building information modelling) method, to design buildings during their life cycle more efficiently. At present, critical studies are published on interoper-ability in BIM and its lack of coordination or amount of information that is misinterpreted, etc. However, working in BIM is the most effective way to use computer technology to design buildings. There is a lot of information about the building in the 3D model itself, which can also be used for purposes other than construction (building management, reconstruction). But how to process a large amount of information in a 3D model? Many buildings already have their 3D models shared on cloud platforms, these contain information that could help, for example, find solutions for green construction using artificial intelligence (AI). We meet with AI every day. It supports internet search engines, predicts auto-completion words as you type. AI can also be found in architecture – not only as visions at exhibitions, but also in research on process optimization in BIM.

Direct 2D-to-3D transformation of pen drawings

Pen drawing is a method that allows simple, inexpensive, and intuitive two-dimensional (2D) fabrication. To integrate such advantages of pen drawing in fabricating 3D objects, we developed a 3D fabrication technology that can directly transform pen-drawn 2D precursors into 3D geometries. 2D-to-3D transformation of pen drawings is facilitated by surface tension–driven capillary peeling and floating of dried ink film when the drawing is dipped into an aqueous monomer solution. Selective control of the floating and anchoring parts of a 2D precursor allowed the 2D drawing to transform into the designed 3D structure. The transformed 3D geometry can then be fixed by structural reinforcement using surface-initiated polymerization. By transforming simple pen-drawn 2D structures into complex 3D structures, our approach enables freestyle rapid prototyping via pen drawing, as well as mass production of 3D objects via roll-to-roll processing.

Seeing our 3D world while only viewing contour-drawings

Artists can represent a 3D object by using only contours in a 2D drawing. Prior studies have shown that people can use such drawings to perceive 3D shapes reliably, but it is not clear how useful this kind of contour information actually is in a real dynamical scene in which people interact with objects. To address this issue, we developed an Augmented Reality (AR) device that can show a participant a contour-drawing or a grayscale-image of a real dynamical scene in an immersive manner. We compared the performance of people in a variety of run-of-the-mill tasks with both contour-drawings and grayscale-images under natural viewing conditions in three behavioral experiments. The results of these experiments showed that the people could perform almost equally well with both types of images. This contour information may be sufficient to provide the basis for our visual system to obtain much of the 3D information needed for successful visuomotor interactions in our everyday life.

DESAIN 3D KEMASAN MINYAK WANGI APLIKASI CAD (COMPUTERED AIDED DESIGN) DENGAN METODE API (ANALYSIS PRODUCT INSPECTION)

Pembuatan produk yang sempurna tidak terlepas dari proses design yaitu 3D modeling & 2D Drawing. Penelitian ini bertujuan adalah membuat rancangan model 3D pada produk kemasan minyak wangi dengan aplikasi CAD, Menghitung hasil pengukuran tutup kemasan minyak wangi secara CPK (Penyimpangan) dan secara Average (rata-rata). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengambilan data keputusan menggunakan api (analysis product inspection). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah hasil pengukuran tutup kemasan minyak wangi secara CPK (penyimpangan) mendapatkan hasil 0.89, 0.08, -0.41 dan 0.40 diantara nol dan satu menandakan rata-rata proses terletak dalam batas spesifikasi tetapi bagian variasi terletak diluar spesifikasi. Hasil Pengukuran tutup kemasan minyak wangi Secara average, terdapat angka yang berwarna merah yang menandakan dimensi inspection keluar dari basic dimensions khususnya pada point nomer 3 sample 1 sampai 5 semuanya keluar dari batas toleransi . Kata Kunci : Model 3D, Aplikasi CAD, API