Methodological Foundations of Renewal and Expansion of Car Fleet

Currently, Russian international road transport carriers do not have sufficient potential to successfully compete with their foreign partners. The main reasons for this are significant deterioration of the car fleet and its non-compliance to modern environmental requirements, lack of own funds for timely renovation and development of the motor transport fleet, as well as systemic lag in development of transportation technologies and their logistics support.The objective of the article is to substantiate the choice of rational measures to solve the problem of expanded reproduction of car fleet used in international road haulage. The methodology used in preparation of the article is based on the use of general scientific methods in combination with special methods, including the analysis of statistical data on international road haulage, a comparative analysis of the state of the car fleet of Russian carriers, considering the basic conditions and operational characteristics, classification of the fleet of trucks based on typification of their operational characteristics with subsequent subdivision of this fleet into three main groups, an overview analysis and benchmarking of foreign operating experience and future development of car fleet, an analysis of the economic and legal possibilities of raising funds for renewal of car fleet.The article examines and studies: a) urgency of solving the problem of renewal and expansion of the car fleet used by Russian carriers in international road transportation; b) foreign experience and trends in development of fleet used for international haulage; c) the main directions of providing economic opportunities for transition to expanded renewal of vehicles; d) analysis of the legal possibilities of providing public support for expanded reproduction of the motor transport fleet of Russian international road carriers including through the use of public-private partnerships.Based on the results of the study, proposals have been developed aimed at ensuring renewal and expansion of car fleet and increasing the efficiency of international road haulage operations.

Problems in the investigation of fires of motor vehicles

The article pays great attention to the causes of fires that occur in motor vehicles. Statistical data indicate that fires that occurred in motor vehicles consistently occupy the second place in terms of quantity and material damage after fires that occurred in residential buildings. The investigation of fires related to the ignition of motor transport itself is quite complex. The article analyzes the causes of fires in motor vehicles. Some manufacturing defects of modern cars have been investigated. The statistics of fires in Russia are analyzed and presented. Certain features and directions of investigations of this category of criminal cases are considered.

DOCUMENTATION OF COMMODITY TRANSACTIONS

The article examines topical issues of documenting commodity transactions in the implementation of dropshipping activities, in particular, operations related to the delivery of goods by dropshippers to their end customers, carried out by suppliers (manufacturers) from whom the dropshipper purchased these goods. The features of registration of shipping documents with and without the use of motor transport of the supplier (manufacturer) are considered. Supply schemes and their documentary support are proposed, taking into account the features inherent in dropshipping activities (sale of goods to customers through online stores and online platforms, transit delivery of goods from the warehouses of the supplier (manufacturer), delivery of goods to the final buyer by the supplier himself, etc.). Concrete proposals are made to simplify the existing procedures for documenting the transit movement of goods, as well as to improve the national legislation regulating the implementation of commodity transactions in order to develop dropshipping in Belarus as an effective way of trade, actively used in many developed countries of the world.

Developing a methodology for assessing the risk of hostile takeover of a motor transport enterprise and measures to prevent it

Problem. Mergers and acquisitions are traditional processes of redistribution of property rights in a market economy. Mergers are often used by companies to gain control over larger market segments and increase performance efficiency. The acquisition process is not always desirable for the target company and is often used to establish control over its assets. Thus, the problems of assessing the risk of hostile takeover of the enterprise and its prevention are extremely relevant at the current stage, especially in the transport sector of Ukraine. Goal. The goal of the work is to develop the methodology for assessing the risk of hostile takeover of a motor transport enterprise and suggest methods for preventing its occurrence. Methodology. During the study, the following research methods have been used: analysis and synthesis, logical analysis. Information resources of the study are electronic information resources and periodic publications. Results. The risk of hostile takeover of an enterprise is the probability that the enterprise will become the takeover target through the legal actions and methods taken by the acquirer, but the acquisition procedure itself is against the wishes of the target’s board. The list of factors that determine the attractiveness of the potential acquisition target includes: the attractiveness of the enterprise in terms of its financial results and performance, the enterprise is not public, it occupies a considerable market segment, the enterprise operates as a joint-stock company, it is attractive in terms of further resale of its assets, the prospects of the industry in which the enterprise operates. According to the results of the studies assessing the risk level of hostile takeover of the group of motor transport enterprises, it has been revealed that 45% of enterprises are in the medium risk group. The following list of measures aimed at defending motor transport enterprises against hostile takeovers has been developed: the formation of optimal share capital structure; share consolidation when the majority shareholder holds the controlling interest; carrying out a sound dividend policy, the continuous monitoring of amounts and maturity dates of accounts payable, preventing the risk of arousing the counterparties’ interest in the resale of debt obligations of the enterprise to others. Originality. The methodology for assessing the risk of hostile takeover of a motor transport enterprise and reasonable measures to prevent its occurrence have been proposed. Practical value. The proposed recommendations can be used by the owners and management of motor transport enterprises to build an effective system for preventing potential hostile takeovers.

USING LOGARITHMIC AND POWER EQUATIONS TO PREDICT THE VOLUME OF TRANSPORTED GOODS BY ROAD IN ST. PETERSBURG

The article presents an analysis of the transported goods by motor transport of St. Petersburg and their forecast until 2030 using the Trend Line program, which is included as the MS Excel database software. This analysis was based on statistical data for the period from 2000 to 2020. The obtained equations showed that the logarithmic and power equations should be used in the forecast, on the basis of which the analysis was carried out until 2030.

The current state and prospects for hydrogenisation of motor transport in Northwestern Europe and Poland

The article presents the situation regarding the hydrogenisation of motor transport in Northwestern Europe, a region leading in this regard in Europe. The following countries were included in the analysis of national plans in this area, taking into account both technical issues – among others - concerning HRS and FCEV, their number, as well as economic issues (among other things relating to the costs of using hydrogen): Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and England. Reference was also made to the situation in Poland, where major fuel and energy companies (among others: Orlen, Lotos, PGNiG and ZE PAK Capital Group) are strongly interested in hydrogenisation of motor transport and manufacturers of vehicles – for example – Solaris or Autosan in producing vehicles equipped with fuel cells. Based on the analyses carried out at the Institute of Motor Transport, it was found that the good location of basic hydrogen refuelling stations is along the TEN-T corridors running across Poland. The order of their location is as follows: 1- Poznan,2-Warsaw,3 Bialystok, 4-Szczecin, 5- Łódź region, 6-Tricity, 7-Wroclaw, 8- Katowice region, 9-Kraków.

ON THE ISSUE OF INFORMATION INTERACTION IN THE TESTING LABORATORY OF WHEELED VEHICLES: RECORDS MANAGEMENT ASPECT

The documentary aspect of information interaction of the laboratory for testing of wheeled vehicles is analyzed. The main components of information interaction are identified, which are information infrastructure, information resources and information security. The automated information system used in the activities of the laboratory for testing wheeled vehicles, as well as the main types of documents created and used by the laboratory are described. The subjects of information interaction of the laboratory with which information is exchanged, including documents, have been identified. The documentation of the management system of the training-research-production motor transport laboratory has been systematized. The main traditional and electronic information resources used in the activities of the training-research-production motor transport laboratory are determined. Measures to ensure the protection of information are described, which consist in the use of a qualified electronic signature for identification in an automated information system, as well as for the signing of electronic documents.

Road Safety Education Centre (RSEC) – evaluation of pilot classes and opinions of selected groups of road users on the issues of road safety and traffic education

In the years 2016-2018, the Road Safety Education Centre (CEBR) was established at Motor Transport Institute as part of its statutory activity, addressed to various age groups and road users. The article presents the concept of CEBR, the results of the evaluation of educational pilot classes conducted at Centre and the opinions of 50+ drivers on selected issues of road safety, as well as the opinions of children and parents on road safety education.

IMPROVING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE

Information system of motor transport enterprise is one of the most important components of its activity. The perfection of this system strongly affects the efficiency of the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to develop proposals for improving the existing information system taking into account the characteristics of the enterprise. To achieve the objectives of the article, the following methods were used: information on approaches to defining the concept of information system was analyzed and synthesized, the existing approaches to the design of information systems were sassessed. Using a logical approach, the components of the information-logical model of the “Travel Letter” database were identified. The study also widely used the methods of comparative analysis, graphical method and the method of operagrams to study the document flow of the enterprise. In the article the information system of the motor transport enterprise which, unlike existing ones, takes into account current condition of the information flows, which provide effective management of the enterprise and optimizes the routes of document movement was further developed. The proposed improvements will allow MTE to achieve their goals more systematically, increase the speed of information flows, ensure their quality and efficiency. The obtained results, which include the development of an improved information system of the enterprise, allow to carry out further research on the document flow of all divisions and services of MTE and to develop their improved information systems on the basis of research results.

STUDYING ACTIVITIES OF COMPETITORS OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE

This article discusses the study of competitors’ activity and presents some of the results of our research in this area. The main purpose of the study is to determine the positions, establish the strengths and weaknesses of their activities, assess their own ability to develop on this basis, the strategy and tactics of competitive behavior of the enterprise in the market. Based on the study of literature sources, the shortcomings of the existing model of analyzing competitors are identified, the proposals for its improvement are given. It is proposed to study the activities of competitors in the following sequence: identifying priority competitors, collecting data on their activities, identifying strengths and weaknesses, determining the position of the company among competitors. To determine the priority competitors, the analysis of the correlation field – the cell in the coordinate system – competitor and market segment is offered, in which we obtain the data: the volume of transport services, the market segment share, the share of traffic in total transport work. These indicators are determined for each competitor and show the priority of each competitor. At the first stage of the methodology of analysis of competitors’ activity, an approach to the definition of priority competitors is proposed, which means those of them who have the largest market share, both in the market as a whole and in a particular market segment. Much attention in the study is paid to determining the list of signs of competitors’ priority and establishing sources of information. On the basis of certain values of the enterprise and competitors there is an opportunity to establish the strengths and weaknesses of each of them. On the basis of the signs of enterprises’ activity that characterize their size, it is possible to obtain a generalized assessment of the market position of the trucking company and competitors, their strengths and weaknesses. At the same time, ratings are made without and with taking into account the importance of each criterion of the market position of MTE and competitors. The results of the research can be used in the process of determining the optimal strategy for motor transport enterprises.