Moderators of the Effects of mySmartSkin, a Web-Based Intervention to Promote Skin Self-examination and Sun Protection Among Individuals Diagnosed With Melanoma

Background Identifying the characteristics of persons who benefit more from behavioral interventions can help health care providers decide which individuals should be offered particular interventions because this is the subgroup of persons who are more likely to derive greater benefit from the intervention and refine the underlying constructs of the model guiding the intervention. Purpose This study evaluated possible demographic, medical, knowledge and attitudinal, and psychosocial variables that may moderate the impact of an online intervention, called mySmartSkin (MSS), on engagement in skin self-examination (SSE) and sun protection behaviors among melanoma survivors. Methods Participants completed a baseline survey and were then randomized to the MSS condition or usual care. Follow-up surveys were completed by participants at 8-, 24-, and 48-week postrandomization. Results A greater impact of MSS on SSE was illustrated among participants with more phenotypic skin cancer risk factors and participants reporting lower baseline self-efficacy in conducting SSE. A more favorable response of MSS on sun protection behaviors was shown when initial knowledge about abnormal lesions and sun protection barriers were high. Greater use of MSS and more favorable evaluations of it were also associated with higher intervention response. Conclusions Future studies seeking to improve SSE and sun protection among melanoma survivors might benefit from focusing on survivors who report more skin cancer risk factors, lower self-efficacy in conducting SSE, less knowledge about what abnormal skin lesions look like, more perceived barriers to sun protection behaviors, and less worry about recurrence and cancer-related distress.

Deteksi dini faktor resiko kanker payudara pada wanita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Batoh Banda Aceh

Background: Breast cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that form in breast tissue. In Aceh, breast cancer is the third most non-communicable disease with most breast cancer patients having a period of late treatment. The results of research on women in Lueng Bata District Banda Aceh City in 2015 found data that the majority of respondents had never had regular breast examinations. This can result in breast cancer being detected at an advanced stage where the therapy often cannot make the patient recover and end up in pain and death. To prevent the occurrence of these problems, health promotion is held about breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE).Objectives: This study aims to increase women's knowledge and understanding of breast cancer and increase awareness for early detection and appropriate treatment.Methods: was carried out for 3 days from 12 to 14 September 2018 to the community in the work area of the Batoh Health Center in Banda Aceh. The method used is filling out questionnaires, lectures accompanied by questions and answers to explain risk factors, early signs of breast cancer, as well as demonstrations of breast self-examination.Results: From the evaluation of the results obtained from the community service activities, among others, is to increase awareness and understanding of the community, especially women about breast cancer and breast self-examination. It is thus expected to continue on a will that is applied in daily behavioral changes to prevent and routinely examine breast cancer in order to prevent complications and improve quality of life.Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge and understanding of the meaning, risk factors, early signs and symptoms of breast cancer, and how to detect breast cancer early.

Defining the Validity of Skin Self-Examination as a Screening Test for the Detection of Suspicious Pigmented Lesions: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Skin self-examination (SSE) is widely promoted for the detection of suspicious pigmented lesions. However, determining screening accuracy is essential to appraising the usefulness of SSE. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this work was to pool estimates from studies of SSE diagnostic accuracy in the detection of suspicious pigmented lesions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021246356) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA-DTA guidelines. A systematic search of Medline (PubMed) EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library was conducted to identify relevant studies. We included studies that examined the accuracy of SSE, either whole-body or site-specific, for detecting change in individual pigmented lesions or detecting an atypical naevus. A univariate random-effects model, based on logit-transformed data, was used to calculate a summary diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) as well as pooled sensitivity and specificity. Cochran’s <i>Q</i> test and the <i>I</i>² statistic were calculated to assess heterogeneity. A proportional hazards model was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) and plot the summary receiver operator characteristic curve. We used the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool to grade study quality. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We identified 757 studies, of which 3 met inclusion criteria for quantitative synthesis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity based on 553 included participants was 59 and 82%, respectively. The summary DOR was 5.88 and the AUC was 0.71. There were some concerns regarding risk of bias in all 3 studies. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> SSE can detect suspicious pigmented lesions with reasonable sensitivity and relatively high specificity, with the AUC suggesting acceptable discriminatory ability.

Effective Agile Project Leadership Through Competency-Based Self-Reflection

The agile revolution and increasing cross-functionality nature of project teams imply an increasing need for effective and results-orientated project leadership. Irrespective of one's role in a project, there is a need for self-examination and self-reflection regarding how members relate during the various phases of project implementation. This chapter focuses on a theoretical review of the various elements necessary for effective agile project leadership. Through a synthesis of both old and more recent literature, the chapter identifies and conceptualizes ten determinant factors of effective agile project leadership and proposes a self-reflection framework for each of the ten project leadership competency areas. The chapter concludes by proposing a personal agile project leadership development plan (PAPLDP) template with an agility component that can be adopted for improvement and growth. This chapter challenges project managers and/or project team leaders to define their own value-based leadership competence and continuously reflect, evaluate, and improve themselves.

Knowledge, attitude, practice and awareness of students on breast self-examination: a cross-sectional study

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths globally. it is the common malignancy in women. Lack of early detection leads to low survival rates. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a screening technique that involves examining the breasts for lumps. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination, among the students.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Noida International University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire, filled by 100 female university students that were selected by convenient sampling method. Descriptive analysis of data was done using SPSS version 17.0 (Chicago USA).Results: Out of the 100 participants 83% were in the age group of 15-25 years, 25% of them had family history of breast cancer, and it was revealed that majority of them (94%) have heard of breast cancer and 85% of them heard of breast examination. Despite the high knowledge that was cited among the participants, only 43% of them were having good attitudes towards BSE and only 51% among them have ever practiced BSE.Conclusions: The study revealed good knowledge, negative attitude and low practice towards BSE among the students of Noida International University, Greater Noida, UP State, India. Therefore, there is need to plan and prepare materials for educating the students on BSE to improve primary prevention of breast cancer.

The experience of organizing the educational process at the Department of Human Anatomy of the Dnieper State Medical University in terms of distance learning

This article presents a model of classes and assessment on the subject of human anatomy and a comparative analysis of performance in full-time and distance education and assessment on the example of students studying at the Department of Human Anatomy DSMU, specialty "Medicine". The main principles and advantages of this model are: 1) the complexity of teaching material and assessment, which covers all teaching aids and types of control, as well as standardization of teaching material; 2) absolute equality and impartiality of control through the use of standardized questions in the use of computer testing, as well as the use of clear transparent evaluation criteria; 3) round-the-clock availability of content for self-preparation and self-examination, as well as information on student performance; 4) the possibility of equivalent use of the model in both full-time and distance learning. Thus, the described model corresponds to the modern principles of higher education and can be offered for introduction in the divisions of higher educational institutions, both in full-time and distance learning.

How Do Self-Examination Interventions For The Early Detection of Cancer Work? An Umbrella Review Protocol.

Background: Cancer is a major contributor to mortality and morbidity globally. A key prognostic factor for many cancers is early detection. Self-examination is often promoted as a method to detect cancer early for cancers that have early physical signs and symptoms. The type(s) of interventions capable of delivering behaviour change such as self-examination are complex with their description historically lacking. This umbrella review protocol sets out the methodology for summarising the evidence surrounding self-examination for four major cancers; breast, testicular, oral and skin. The review aims to answer the following question: What are the components of self-examination programmes for early detection of cancer and are they effective in bringing about actions that could lead to early detection of cancer in post pubescent people. Methods: The methodology has been informed by the PRISMA-P checklist for systematic reviews and the JBI methodology for umbrella reviews. Narrative synthesis will include detail on effectiveness of interventions alongside coding of intervention components using Intervention Taxonomy and the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy Version 1. AMSTAR-2 will be used to assess quality of included studies. Discussion: The review will provide a summary of the existing evidence with descriptions of interventions whilst identifying gaps for future research in this area.Registration: Prospero: CRD42021285966

Needs Assessment and System Design of an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Simulation Learning System

Nurses require training to manage extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate intensive care unit nurse needs and design an ECMO simulation learning system. A systemic needs analysis included interviews and a literature review. Nurses had three learning needs: pre-ECMO placement care, daily care during placement, and care for preparation of removal. The system design includes ECMO care knowledge, practice in simulations, and self-examination with a flexible learning methodology.