micro grids
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2022 ◽  
pp. 96-113
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Ahmed Ezzeldin ◽  
Ahmed Mohsen Ali ◽  
Jomana Ashraf Mahmoud ◽  
Sohaila Ahmed Rabie ◽  
Hossam Hassan Ammar

Electrical vehicles are the future of the world; hence, there is a necessity to pave the way for the upcoming technology and to ensure its contribution to the society fairly. Nevertheless, if the EVs completely replaced the fuel-based cars, more EV charging stations would be needed which might develop overconsumption of the main grid power causing remarkable instability. Consequently, the micro grids become the solution to this problem, in which they are defined as relatively small networks of energy sources and loads at the distribution level that aim to provide electricity to remote locations where the charging stations are located. In this chapter, the EV is considered as a load to the micro grid indirectly through the EV charging stations. Thus, micro grid loads will be retrieved from experimental data of an actual prototype electric vehicle to reflect on the battery degradation in a micro-grid connected system.


2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 4069-4084
Author(s):  
M. Bharathidasan ◽  
V. Indragandhi ◽  
Ramya Kuppusamy ◽  
Yuvaraja Teekaraman ◽  
Shabana Urooj ◽  
...  
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2022 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 107567
Author(s):  
Reza Sepehrzad ◽  
Amirhossein Mahmoodi ◽  
Seyedeh Yosra Ghalebi ◽  
Ali Reza Moridi ◽  
Ali Reza Seifi

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Safwan Nadweh ◽  
Zeina Barakat

This chapter describes the upcoming technology for electrical power systems that gives the appropriate solution for the integration of the distributed energy resources. In this chapter, different categories of smart grids have been classified, and the advantages, weakness, and opportunities of each one, are given in addition to determining its own operating conditions. Micro-grids are the most common kind of smart grid. It has been classified under different criteria, such as architecture with different topology (connected mode, island mode, etc.) and demand criteria (simple micro grids, multi-DG, utility) and by capacity into simple micro-grid, corporate micro-grid, and independent micro-grid, and by AC/DC type to DC micro-grids, AC micro-grids, Hybrid micro-grids. Finally, most familiar Micro-grid components have been discussed such as an energy management system along with several types of control and communication systems in addition to the economic study of a micro-grids.


2022 ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
Tefaye Belay

Micro grid is widely used in real worlds for advanced forecasting and demand response of renewable energy source, grid integration, and operations. Micro grid consists of conventional and nonconventional energy source such as wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, hydro power, diesel power, fuel cell, geothermal power, thermal power, etc. Micro grid is a combination of AC power and DC power such as wind, solar, fuel cell, biomass, and Hydro power, which is mostly used in micro grids. Grid can be operated by grid connected mode or islanding modes. Micro grid is classified into traditional micro grids and smart micro grids.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-466
Author(s):  
Margot G.L. ◽  
Corinne A. ◽  
Bruno A.

This paper presents a study about power profiles of micro-grid with highly intermittent sources and their impacts on energy storage system (ESS). The first step of the work consists in generating the ESS power profiles thanks to a new optimal sizing algorithm. Our approach allows to size the ESS and the renewable energy sources (RES) using a power/energy considerations to generate charging and discharging profiles regardless ESS specifics parameters. In a second step, we review the potential damages on Valves Regulated Lead Acid Batteries (VRLAB). This technology has been chosen because it is the most used ESS in case of stationary applications for urban MG with RES integration. We propose some criterion to quantify the batteries stresses generated by MG working operations. Therefore, we give recommendations to enhance the VRLAB lifetime in both micro-grid design and energy management. Our method has been applied to the photovoltaic production and lighting network consumption profiles of the LAAS-CNRS building integrated photovoltaic. We compare four possible configurations of ESS and RES: two determined thanks to Pareto optimisation method and two critical cases corresponding to the minimal and the maximal values of ESS size into all the possible configuration tested.


Computation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Lorena Castro ◽  
Maximiliano Bueno-López ◽  
Juan Mora-Flórez

The modern changes in electric systems present new issues for control strategies. When power converters and distributed energy resources are included in the micro-grid, its model is more complex than the simplified representations used, sometimes losing essential data. This paper proposes a unified fuzzy mathematics-based control method applied to the outer loop of a voltage source converter (VSC) in both grid-connected and islanded modes to avoid using simplified models in complex micro-grids and handle the uncertain and non-stationary behaviour of nonlinear systems. The proposed control method is straightforwardly designed without simplifying the controlled system. This paper explains the design of a fuzzy mathematics-based control method applied to the outer-loop of a VSC, a crucial device for integrating renewable sources and storage devices in a micro-grid. Simulation results validated the novel control strategy, demonstrating its capabilities for real field applications.


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